Efficacy of Self-Administered Intranasal Oxytocin on Alcohol Use and Craving After Detoxification in Patients With Alcohol Dependence. A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
ConclusionThe results were inconclusive as to whether intranasal oxytocin reduced the time to relapse, degree of craving or total amount of alcohol consumed after detoxification. However, the oxytocin group had a larger decrease in self-reported nervousness. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 23, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Support for Alcohol Policies in Marginalized Populations
ConclusionOf the policies examined, banning alcohol sales at corner stores is most likely to be in a “window of opportunity” for reducing alcohol-related disparities. By simultaneously reducing population-level consumption and harms from others’ drinking, place-based policies have the potential to reduce harms experienced by marginalized groups. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 21, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Let ’s not turn back the clock: Comments on Kelly et al., “Alcoholics Anonymous and 12-Step Facilitation Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Distillation of a 2020 Cochrane Review for Clinicians and Policy Makers”
John Kelly and colleagues have published a summary for clinicians and policy makers (Kelly et  al., 2020a) of their recent Cochrane review of the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and 12-step facilitation treatment (TSF) for alcohol use disorder (AUD) (Kelly et  al., 2020b). As would be expected of a Cochrane review and of these authors, they summarize a thorough, well-conducted and well-described meta-analysis. The main findings were that AA/TSF interventions produce similar benefits to other treatments on all drinking-related outcomes except for continuous abstinence and remission11, where AA/TSF was superior,...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 15, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Prediction of Ethanol Concentration-Time Profile in Different Organs
ConclusionsThe current PBPK model approach might help with designingin vitro experiments in the area of alcohol organ damage or alcohol-drug interaction studies. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 15, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Differential Alcohol Use Disparities by Sexual Identity and Behavior Among High School Students
ConclusionsResults highlight the need to incorporate multiple methods of sexual orientation measurement into substance use research. Interventions based solely on identity, rather than both identity and behavior, may not be sufficient; targeted research into the causes of alcohol use disparities is needed, especially for bisexual youth, youth whose sexual behavior and sexual identity are not stereotypically aligned, and youth who report a sexual identity of ‘not sure.’ (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 9, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Factor Validity of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) Using Robust Estimations in Ecuadorian Adolescents
ConclusionsThe three correlated factors model from the AUDIT using robust estimations has an adequate fit and is also reliable in a sample of Ecuadorian adolescents. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 8, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Retrospective Hair Cortisol Concentrations from Pretreatment to Early Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorder
We examined HCC from three consecutive segments; proximal to the scalp representing the most recent month (sustained abstinence from alcohol), the midsegment representing the previous month in which abstinenc e was attained, and the distal segment representing 2 months prior during active drinking. Analyses examined main and interactive effects of segment and sex, controlling for monthly alcohol consumption. Best fit by a quadratic shape, within-subject change was significant (F1,15 = 5.27,P = 0.04,ηpartial2 = 0.26). The distal and midsegments did not differ from one another (P = 0.51). The proximal segment was s...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 7, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

The Effectiveness of Non-Benzodiazepine, Non-Barbiturate Medications for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Rapid Systematic Review
ConclusionsAlthough benzodiazepines remain the treatment of choice for AWS, during particular circumstances, gabapentin could be an alternative although like benzodiazepines is not without risk when used in the community. Future RCTs must aim to improve upon the quality of evidence. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - December 3, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Sex Differences in the Relationship Between High-Risk Drinking and the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index: An Analysis Using 2013 and 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
ConclusionHigh-risk drinking is significantly associated with higher TyG index values in men only. The TyG index can be a novel marker for assessing high-risk drinking in men. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 30, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Changes in the Price of Alcohol and Effect on Youth Drinking and in Different Socio-Economic Groups
ConclusionNeither average nor minimum price of alcohol had a significant impact on the development of youth drinking in Sweden during the study period. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 20, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Multidimensional Structure of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Factorial Validity and Reliability in Patients With Anxiety and Mood Disorders in Lithuania
ConclusionsThe findings are in line with increasing evidence suggesting that the AUDIT measures three separate factors related to alcohol misuse level of consumption, dependence and alcohol-related consequences and support the utility of AUDIT as a screening instrument for AUD in AMD patients in Lithuania. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 16, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Non-Beverage Alcohol Consumption In Izhevsk: 15  Years Later
ConclusionNon-beverage alcohol consumption still took place at Izhevsk, a typical Russian city, in 2018, and its availability was still high. Untaxed and cheap medicinal non-beverage alcohol consumption seems to have become the major source of non-beverage alcohol consumption. Further regulation of non-beverage alcohol may be required in Russia. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 14, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Does Alcohol Hangover Affect Emotion Regulation Capacity? Evidence From a Naturalistic Cross-Over Study Design
ConclusionThese results suggest that emotion regulation in everyday life and emotional reactivity may be adversely affected by alcohol hangover, but some emotion regulation strategies (e.g. deliberate cognitive reappraisal) may be unaffected. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 12, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

The Frequency and Content of Discussions About Alcohol Use in Primary Care and Application of the Chief Medical Officer ’s Low-Risk Drinking Guidelines: A Cross-Sectional Survey of General Practitioners and Practice Nurses in the UK
ConclusionFurther research is required to identify mechanisms to increase the frequency of discussions about alcohol and appropriate recommendation of the CMO drinking guidelines to patients. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 12, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Changes in the brain directly following alcohol consumption —a study of healthy male individuals, with the use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) and diffusion (DWI)
ConclusionA single dose of alcohol as used in this experiment produces increases in lipids and lactates in brain tissues that appear reversible. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 12, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research