Dr Brian David Hore 1937 –2020
(Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 6, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Baseline Drinking Patterns in Non-Treatment Seeking Problem Drinkers
ConclusionsBaseline drinking patterns of non-treatment-seekers were generally stable and pre-visit reductions were only observed among the heavy drinking group. This generally stable pattern stands in contrast to previous reports for treatment-seeking samples. Nevertheless, the heavier drinking group, which is most similar to treatment-seekers, displayed pre-study drinking reduction. Overall, naturalistic processes of change may pose less of a threat to randomization and testing in this population. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 5, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
A Combined Alcohol and Smoking Cue-Reactivity Paradigm in People Who Drink Heavily and Smoke Cigarettes: Preliminary Findings
ConclusionThis study showed that it is feasible to use simultaneous cues during a CR procedure in a bar laboratory paradigm. The attention bias measured in the integrated alcohol-cigarettes ET procedure predicted participants ’ decision making in the CR. This novel methodological approach revealed that in people who drink heavily and smoke, alcohol cues may affect craving for both alcohol and cigarettes. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 28, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Use of Ethanol-Based Hand Disinfectants: Source of Increased Ethyl Glucuronide Levels in Hair?
ConclusionOur data provide no evidence that frequent EBHD use results in hair EtG levels above the recommended Society of Hair Testing cutoff for repeated alcohol consumption (5 pg/mg). (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 22, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Changes in Alcohol Use Habits in the General Population, during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Greece
On March 11, 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Considering the risk of rapid spread, Greece imposed a nationwide lockdown early in its coronavirus outbreak, including movement restriction, limited public transportations, suspension of educational institutions as well as closure of cafes, bars, restaurants, museums, shopping centers and sports facilities. Only essential public services such as hospitals, police and fire stations were excluded from the general lockdown along with supermarkets, supply food chain stores, caterers, pharmacies, gas stations, car repair shops, mini markets and convenience stores, cafes and ...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 22, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
What a Difference a Drink Makes: Determining Associations Between Alcohol-Use Patterns and Condom Utilization Among Adolescents
This study aimed to identify differences in condom use among adolescents by alcohol consumption patterns using the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Results suggest significant increased risk of condomless sex among binge drinking youth. Surprisingly, no significant difference in condom utilization was identified between non-drinkers and only moderate drinkers. Findings highlight the need to tailor STI preventative measures accordingly. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 14, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Specialist alcohol inpatient treatment admissions and non-specialist hospital admissions for alcohol withdrawal in England: an inverse relationship
ConclusionsThe shift in demand from specialist to non-specialist alcohol admissions due to policy changes in England should be reversed by specialist workforce investment to improve outcomes. In the meantime, non-specialist services and staff must be resourced and equipped to meet the complex needs of these service users. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 4, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Embryonic Exposure to Ethanol Increases Anxiety-Like Behavior in Fry Zebrafish
ConclusionOur results demonstrate that one can detect behavioral abnormalities in the zebrafish induced by embryonic ethanol as early as 10 days post-fertilization and that alcohol increases anxious behavior during young development in zebrafish. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 4, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Second hits exacerbate alcohol-related organ damage: an update
AbstractChronic and excessive alcohol abuse cause direct and indirect detrimental effects on a wide range of body organs and systems and accounts for ~4% of deaths worldwide. Many factors influence the harmful effects of alcohol. This concise review presents newer insights into the role of select second hits in influencing the progression of alcohol-induced organ damage by synergistically acting to generate a more dramatic downstream biological defect. This review specifically addresses on how a lifestyle factor of high fat intake exacerbates alcoholic liver injury and its progression. This review also provides the mechani...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - September 1, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Corrigendum to: L-Cysteine Containing Vitamin Supplement Which Prevents or Alleviates Alcohol-related Hangover Symptoms: Nausea, Headache, Stress and Anxiety
In the above article the Y axis on Figure 2A was numbered 0-4 instead of 0-8. This has now been corrected online. The author apologises for the error. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 28, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Understanding Attentional Biases in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Combined Behavioral and Eye-Tracking Perspective
ConclusionsThis in-depth exploration of the available knowledge related to AB in SAUD, and of its key limitations, highlights the theoretical and clinical interest of our innovative experimental perspectives capitalizing on eye-tracking measures. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 25, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Alcohol Use Disorder on the Fate Determination of Newly Born Neurons in the Hippocampus
AbstractIn the adult mammalian brain, new functional neurons are generated throughout life because of sustained proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). The subventricular zone (SVZ), lining the lateral ventricle, and the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus are the two major neurogenic regions in the adult brain. This process is not fixed but is highly modulated by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Neurogenesis has become in the focus of interest for its involvement in repairing the damaged brain and this motivates researchers to detect controlling mechanisms of...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 19, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
L-Cysteine Containing Vitamin Supplement Which Prevents or Alleviates Alcohol-related Hangover Symptoms: Nausea, Headache, Stress and Anxiety
ConclusionsL-cysteine would reduce the need of drinking the next day with no or less hangover symptoms: nausea, headache, stress and anxiety. Altogether, these effects of L-cysteine are unique and seem to have a future in preventing or alleviating these harmful symptoms as well as reducing the risk of alcohol addiction. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 18, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Effects of Question Type and Order When Measuring Peak Consumption of Risky Drinking Events
ConclusionAt a population level, LSPC and total consumption questions produce similar estimates of peak consumption for risky drinking events. Except for heavy drinkers, general consumption questions may be sufficient when asking about these drinking events in consumption surveys, without the greater response burden of longer LSPC questions. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 12, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Mechanisms of Alcohol Addiction: Bridging Human and Animal Studies
ConclusionsKey constructs of addiction, like stage and reinforcement, are by necessity operationalized differently in animal and human studies. Similarly, testing the validity of addiction models requires different strategies by the two research domains. Although such differences are challenging, they are not insurmountable, and there is much to be gained in understanding and treating addiction by combining pre-clinical and clinical approaches. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - August 11, 2020 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
