Social Inequalities in Harmful Drinking and Alcohol-Related Problems Among Swedish Adolescents
ConclusionOur results suggest that the SES gradient among youth is stronger for alcohol-related problems than for harmful drinking. By only focusing on SES differences in harmful alcohol use, researchers may underestimate the social inequalities in adverse alcohol-related outcomes among young people. Our findings also support the notion that the environment young people find themselves in matters for social inequalities in alcohol-related harm. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 17, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Contemporary Appraisal of Sex Differences in Prevalence, Correlates, and Outcomes of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
ConclusionIndividuals with ACM are at increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Women with ACM are at increased risk of depression and anxiety, while men are at increased risk of HF. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 17, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 and Vascular Risk in Alcoholics
ConclusionTGF- β1 levels are increased in alcoholics, but are unrelated to vessel wall calcification or arterial stiffness. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 12, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on Healthcare Utilization in Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder
ConclusionsSSRI initiation in patients with AUD and PTSD is associated with significantly reduced odds of alcohol-related medical hospitalization and alcohol-related ER visits within 2 years of first PTSD diagnosis. Additional studies are needed to verify these results. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 11, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Tramadol, Methadone and Benzodiazepines added to Alcoholic Beverages
ConclusionsThe wide availability of addictive pharmaceutical is leading to fortification of alcoholic beverages on some countries. The addition of such depressant additives should be better known because of the potentially fatal consequences of the combination with ethanol, as well as the potential for adverse effects on behavior. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - June 4, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Time of Year Effects on Self-Reported Estimates of Past-Year Alcohol Consumption
ConclusionsThe results in this study demonstrate the significant relationship between month of survey completion and alcohol consumption in the last 12 months. Seasonal variations in alcohol consumption have the potential to impact respondents ’ accurate recall of alcohol consumption in the last 12 months and changes to survey timing have the potential to bias trend estimates of drinking behaviour. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 7, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Pair Bond Maintenance and Potential Neural Substrates in Female Prairie Voles
ConclusionsEstablished partner preference in female prairie voles is resistant to alcohol consumption. This finding suggests that the risk for disruption of intimate partner relationships in females is not mediated by a decreased motivation to be with their partners. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 7, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Cochrane 2018 Review on Brief Interventions in Primary Care for Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Consumption: A Distillation for Clinicians and Policy Makers
ConclusionsBrief interventions can reduce harmful and hazardous alcohol consumption in men and women. Short, advice-based interventions may be as effective as extended, counselling-based interventions for patients with harmful levels of alcohol use who are presenting for the first time in a primary care setting. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 7, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Role of Sex and Age on Pre-drinking: An Exploratory International Comparison of 27 Countries
ConclusionsPre-drinking is a worldwide phenomenon, but varies substantially by sex and age between countries. These variations suggest that policy-makers would benefit from increased understanding of the particularities of pre-drinking in their own country to efficiently target harmful pre-drinking behaviours. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 7, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Outcome in Relation to Drinking Goals in Alcohol-Dependent Individuals: A Follow-up Study 2.5 and 5 Years After Treatment Entry
ConclusionsThe findings suggest that: (1) alcohol-dependent patients who have abstinence as their own drinking goal have a more favorable treatment outcome than those who have low-risk drinking as a goal or no decided goal. (2) Abstinence as a drinking goal should be considered for those who have a longer duration (for example more than 10 years) of their alcohol-related problems. (3) Patients who have no decided goal should be recommended abstinence as a drinking goal. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 4, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Adult-Life Alcohol Consumption and Age-Related Cognitive Decline from Early Adulthood to Late Midlife
ConclusionsAdult-life heavy alcohol consumption and extreme binge drinking appear to be associated with larger cognitive decline in men. Moreover, extreme binge drinking may be more important than weekly alcohol consumption in relation to cognitive decline. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 2, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Future Thinking in Korsakoff Syndrome
ConclusionOur findings demonstrate a diminished ability to construct specific future scenarios as well as a diminished subjective experience during future thinking in KS. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - May 2, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Aversion-Resistant Ethanol Intake in Mice
ConclusionsCollectively, these data suggest that females exhibit a higher degree of aversion-resistance than male mice. Because we observed no effect of estrous cycle phase, it is likely that the presence of threshold levels of estradiol or progesterone, as opposed to their natural fluctuation across the estrous cycle, mediates increased aversion-resistance in females. Alternatively, or in combination, developmental effects of sex hormones could contribute to aversion-resistant ethanol intake. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - March 19, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Dose –Response Relative Risk of Injury From Acute Alcohol Consumption in 22 Countries: Are Women at Higher Risk Than Men?
ConclusionsFemales are at higher risk of injury than males, regardless of frequency of heavy drinking and for all causes other than those related to traffic. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - March 11, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Ethyl Glucuronide as a Long-term Alcohol Biomarker in Fingernail and Hair. Matrix Comparison and Evaluation of Gender Bias
ConclusionsOur results support the use of EtG to indicate alcohol consumption over the previous 90 days, or ~3 months as is the normal practice in hair analysis. The results confirm that fingernails can be a useful alternative matrix where hair samples are not available. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - February 23, 2019 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
