A National Survey of Assertive Outreach Treatment Services for People Who Frequently Attend Hospital due to Alcohol-Related Reasons in England
ConclusionsAccess to AAOT services developed to support high-cost and high-needs frequent hospital attenders varies across the nation. Further research, service evaluation and AAOT implementation should focus on essential AAOT components rather than self-defined labels of AAOT.Short summaryThe study investigated alcohol assertive outreach treatment (AAOT) services in England. The study found variability in service provision across AAOT services when measured against six essential AAOT components. Improvement of AAOT in England ’s hospitals should focus on the implementation of essential AAOT components. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 22, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Alcohol, Power and Public Health: A Comparative Study of Alcohol Policy (Routledge Advances in Health and Social Policy)
by Butler,ShaneElmeland, Karen Thom, and Betsy NichollsJames, 214 pages; Indexed. Price £110 hardback; £39.99 ebook. ISBN-10: 9780203084557 and ISBN-13: 978-0415637466 (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 22, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Corrigendum: Abstracts of the 16th Congress of European Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism (ESBRA) 8 –11 October 2017 Heraklion, Greece
(Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 21, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Population Level Effects of a Mass Media Alcohol and Breast Cancer Campaign: A Cross-Sectional Pre-Intervention and Post-Intervention Evaluation
ConclusionThese findings indicate that a mass-media campaign raising awareness of the links between alcohol and breast cancer is associated with increased awareness and alcohol related policy support at a population level. However, there was no association found with a change in short-term drinking intentions.Short summaryA mass-media campaign raising awareness of the links between alcohol and breast cancer is associated with increased awareness and alcohol policy support at a population level but does not appear to be associated with a change in short term drinking intentions. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 16, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Treatment of Alcohol-Induced Psychotic Disorder (Alcoholic Hallucinosis) —A Systematic Review
ConclusionThe findings of our systematic review are inconclusive. There was significant heterogeneity between and within studies. Significant publication bias is likely. Randomized control trials of more carefully delineated samples would produce evidence of greater clinical utility, for example, on differential effectiveness of antipsychotics and optimal length of standard alcohol withdrawal treatments. AIPD patients who show poor treatment responses should be studied in greater depth.Short SummaryThis systematic review of alcohol-induced psychotic disorder treatment found 15 studies and 10 case reports of relevance. Olde...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 14, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Craving as a DSM-5 Symptom of Alcohol Use Disorder in Non-Treatment Seekers
ConclusionsCraving prevalence using the PACS was relatively low compared to the remaining 10 DSM-5 symptoms, possibly due to the non-treatment seeking nature of the sample. Conversion of DSM-IV to DSM-5 in this sample led to a small increase in overall AUD prevalence. Craving loaded well onto a single factor structure for AUD. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 14, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Suspected Hearing Impairment Among Children: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure may adversely affect the auditory system of children.Short SummaryPrenatal alcohol exposure was associated with suspected hearing impairment among children at 36 months, based on the findings of a population-based retrospective cohort study that used health check-up data from 10,562 Japanese children. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 14, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Perfect for a Gin and Tonic: How Context Drives Consumption Within a Modified Bogus Taste Test
ConclusionIn the absence of any pharmacological effects of alcohol, social and environmental context have an interactive impact on shaping consumption. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 9, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Nutritional Status During Inpatient Alcohol Detoxification
ConclusionClinical examination is more sensitive than biomarkers to determine malnourished AUD patients who are at-risk for cognitive impairment. Malnourished patients with AUD should receive a full neuropsychological testing.SummaryThis retrospective chart review study screened for cognitive disorders during alcohol inpatient detoxification with the MoCA test. Body mass index, but not vitamins blood rates, was associated with a pathological MoCA. Clinical examination is more sensitive than biomarkers to determine malnourished AUD patients who are at-risk for cognitive impairment. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 9, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Ghrelin is Related to Personality Differences in Reward Sensitivity and Impulsivity
ConclusionsThe results indicate that individuals with higher levels of ghrelin are more sensitive to reward. In addition, they are less able to exercise self-control and to an extent more likely to act without thinking. This is the first study to report on the direct relationship between fasting ghrelin levels and personality characteristics such as reward sensitivity and aspects of impulsivity among healthy social drinkers.Short summaryIndividuals with higher levels of fasting ghrelin are more sensitive to reward, but less sensitive to punishment. Higher ghrelin levels are also related to some aspects of impulsivity such ...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 9, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Alcohol Warning Label Awareness and Attention: A Multi-method Study
ConclusionsThe current study casts doubt on dominant practices (largely self-report), which have been used to evaluate alcohol warning labels. Awareness cannot be used to assess warning label effectiveness in isolation in cases where attention does not occur 100% of the time. Mixed methods permit objective data collection methodologies to be triangulated with surveys to assess warning label effectiveness.Short summaryAttention should be incorporated as a measure in warning label effectiveness evaluations. Colour and size changes to the existing Australian warning labels aided by theoretically informed design increased atte...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - November 9, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Maintenance of Abstinence in Self-Help Groups
ConclusionSelf-help associations can participate in rigorous scientific studies. The present results identified a subgroup of individuals with alcohol problems who attended self-help groups, but not traditional care pathways. Having additional specialist support was not associated with better outcome. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 26, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Inclusion of Alcoholic Associations Into a Public Treatment Programme for Alcoholism Improves Outcomes During the Treatment and Continuing Care Period: A 6-Year Experience
ConclusionsMutual help groups incorporated into a public treatment programme appear to improve outcomes during treatment and on into continuing care. This experience supports cooperation between public health centres and alcoholic associations in treating alcoholism.Short SummaryIncluding alcoholic associations into the public treatment programme for alcoholism of the ‘Hospital 12 de Octubre’ in Madrid was shown to be associated with better outcomes in terms of months of accumulated abstinence, dropout rates and therapeutic adherence, during the treatment and continuing care periods. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 26, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Evaluation of Alcohol Screening and Community-Based Brief Interventions in Rural Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental Study
ConclusionsABI + MT and only ABI were associated with a reduced mean AUDIT score among hazardous and high-risk drinkers in this resource-limited setting. ABI + MT was also associated with low-risk drinking in this population.Short summaryCommunity-based alcohol brief interventions implemented by community-health workers accompanied by motivational talks by former drinkers were associated with reduced hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in a rural setting in western Kenya. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 26, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The effect of increased alcohol availability on alcohol-related health problems up to the age of 42 among children exposed in utero: a natural experiment
ConclusionResults obtained from a natural experiment setting found no consistent evidence of long-term health consequences among children exposedin utero to an alcohol policy change. Some evidence however suggested an increased risk of alcohol-related health problems among the exposed children of young mothers. (Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism)
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - October 19, 2017 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
