Strategies to reinvigorate exhausted CD8+ T cells in tumor microenvironment
CD8+ T cell exhaustion is a stable dysfunctional state driven by chronic antigen stimulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Differentiation of exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TEXs) is accompanied by extensive transcriptional, epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. CD8+ TEXs are mainly characterized by impaired proliferative and cytotoxic capacity as well as the increased expression of multiple co-inhibitory receptors. Preclinical tumor studies and clinical cohorts have demonstrated that T cell exhaustion is firmly associated with poor clinical outcomes in a variety of cancers. More importantly, CD8+ TEXs are regarded a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 16, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cytokine sustained delivery for cancer therapy; special focus on stem cell- and biomaterial- based delivery methods
Pathol Res Pract. 2023 May 9;247:154528. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154528. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAs immune regulators, cytokines serve critical role as signaling molecules in response to danger, tissue damage, or injury. Importantly, due to their vital role in immunological surveillance, cytokine therapy has become a promising therapeutics for cancer therapy. Cytokines have, however, been used only in certain clinical settings. Two key characteristics of cytokines contribute to this clinical translational challenge: first, they are highly pleiotropic, and second, in healthy physiology, they are typically secreted and...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - May 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Hossein Mehralizadeh Ahmad Nazari Farshid Oruji Minoo Roostaie Ghazaleh Hosseininozari Omid Yazdani Romina Esbati Kamran Roudini Source Type: research
Cytokine sustained delivery for cancer therapy; special focus on stem cell- and biomaterial- based delivery methods
Pathol Res Pract. 2023 May 9;247:154528. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154528. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAs immune regulators, cytokines serve critical role as signaling molecules in response to danger, tissue damage, or injury. Importantly, due to their vital role in immunological surveillance, cytokine therapy has become a promising therapeutics for cancer therapy. Cytokines have, however, been used only in certain clinical settings. Two key characteristics of cytokines contribute to this clinical translational challenge: first, they are highly pleiotropic, and second, in healthy physiology, they are typically secreted and...
Source: Pathology, Research and Practice - May 31, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Hossein Mehralizadeh Ahmad Nazari Farshid Oruji Minoo Roostaie Ghazaleh Hosseininozari Omid Yazdani Romina Esbati Kamran Roudini Source Type: research
Estimating Time Window to Administer Anti-Cytokine Therapeutic Drugs to COVID-19 Patients
The severe COVID-19 infection often leads to “Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)”, which is a serious adverse medical condition causing multiple organ failures. Anti-cytokine therapy has shown promising results for the treatment of the CRS. As part of the anti-cytokine therapy, the immuno-suppressants or anti-inflammatory drugs are infused to block the release of cytokine molecules. However, determining the time window to infuse the required dose of drugs is challenging due to the complex processes involving the release of inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) molecules. In this work, we develop ...
Source: IEE Transactions on NanoBioscience - May 22, 2023 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
IL-10 in combination with IL-12 and TNF- α attenuates CXCL8/CXCR1 axis in peritoneal macrophages of mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus through the TNFR1-IL-1R-NF-κB pathway
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May 17;120:110297. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110297. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOverexpression of Staphylococcus aureus mediated CXCL8/CXCR1 axis is a major cause of sepsis and severe inflammatory diseases. This chemokine acts conjointly with various pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that govern the severity of inflammation. The effects of different combinations of exogenous cytokines on CXCR1 expression in macrophages remain undetermined. Exogenous cytokine and anti-inflammatory cytokine therapy had been used to modulate CXCL8 and CXCR1 expression in peritoneal macrophages. Mal...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Puja Dutta Biswadev Bishayi Source Type: research
IL-10 in combination with IL-12 and TNF- α attenuates CXCL8/CXCR1 axis in peritoneal macrophages of mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus through the TNFR1-IL-1R-NF-κB pathway
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May 17;120:110297. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110297. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOverexpression of Staphylococcus aureus mediated CXCL8/CXCR1 axis is a major cause of sepsis and severe inflammatory diseases. This chemokine acts conjointly with various pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that govern the severity of inflammation. The effects of different combinations of exogenous cytokines on CXCR1 expression in macrophages remain undetermined. Exogenous cytokine and anti-inflammatory cytokine therapy had been used to modulate CXCL8 and CXCR1 expression in peritoneal macrophages. Mal...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Puja Dutta Biswadev Bishayi Source Type: research
Immune ‐check blocking combination multiple cytokines shown curative potential in mice tumor model
ConclusionThe combination of immune check blockade and multiple cytokine therapy can significantly activate the body's immune response and inhibit tumor growth. (Source: Cancer Medicine)
Source: Cancer Medicine - May 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hongxia Su,
Hui Geng,
Linkang Cai,
Minjie Xu,
Wenpin Xing,
Wei Long,
Biao Liu,
Yankun Li,
Binlei Liu Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Current insights into the hepatic microenvironment and advances in immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and shows high global incidence and mortality rates. The liver is an immune-tolerated organ with a specific immune microenvironment that causes traditional therapeutic approaches to HCC, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy, to have limited efficacy. The dramatic advances in immuno-oncology in the past few decades have modified the paradigm of cancer therapy, ushering in the era of immunotherapy. Currently, despite the rapid integration of cancer immunotherapy into clinical practice, some patients still show no resp...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 18, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 2745: Efficacy and Safety of First-Line Cytokines Versus Sunitinib and Second-Line Axitinib for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (ESCAPE Study): A Phase III, Randomized, Sequential Open-Label Study
Conclusions: There was a trend toward better total PFS for IL-2 + IFNα, but it was not significant. There was also no advantage of IL-2 + IFNα in terms of OS. The study was underpowered to draw any definitive conclusions. The results showed no clear advantage of IL-2 + IFNα over sunitinib in the first-line setting; however, it may be an option in some relatively low-risk mRCC cases due to the difference in the AE profile. This trial was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN), center identifier UMIN 000012522. (Source: Cancers)
Source: Cancers - May 13, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yoshifumi Kadono Hiroyuki Konaka Takahiro Nohara Kouji Izumi Satoshi Anai Kiyohide Fujimoto Tomoyuki Koguchi Kei Ishibashi Noriyasu Kawai Keita Nakane Akinori Iba Naoya Masumori Shizuko Takahara Atsushi Mizokami Tags: Article Source Type: research
A comparative study on the influences of platelet-rich plasma vs its derived cytokines on skin rejuvenation
ConclusionsBoth therapies improved skin texture and elasticity. The efficacy rate was greater than the improvement for wrinkles. The effectiveness of nasolabial lines and facial lift was not significant. PRP-C therapy can be used as cell-free therapy.Level of evidence: level III, therapeutic study (Source: European Journal of Plastic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Plastic Surgery - April 20, 2023 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Source Type: research
Seneca Valley virus induces proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine response < em > in vitro < /em >
Can J Vet Res. 2023 Apr;87(2):120-126.ABSTRACTSeneca Valley virus (SVV) is an oncolytic virus, which belongs to the Picornaviridae family, that causes blisters on the nose and hooves, affecting the production performance of pigs. However, the function of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in SVV infection is still unclear. In our study, SVV infection could induce a high expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and chemokines, including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (...
Source: Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research - April 6, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jianguo Dong Mingrui Chen Linyang Yu Dan Rao Ning Zhang Feng Cong Source Type: research
