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Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1093: Effects and Mechanisms of Luteolin, a Plant-Based Flavonoid, in the Prevention of Cancers via Modulation of Inflammation and Cell Signaling Molecules
n Rahmani Luteolin, a flavonoid, is mainly found in various vegetables and fruits, including carrots, cabbages, onions, parsley, apples, broccoli, and peppers. Extensive research in vivo and in vitro has been performed to explore its role in disease prevention and treatment. Moreover, this compound possesses the ability to combat cancer by modulating cell-signaling pathways across various types of cancer. The studies have confirmed that luteolin can inhibit cancer-cell survival and proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, mTOR/PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/&beta;-catenin, and cell-cycle arrest, and induce apop...
Source: Molecules - February 29, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Saleh A. Almatroodi Ahmad Almatroudi Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi Amjad Ali Khan Arshad Husain Rahmani Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1102: Can a Fraction of Flour and Sugar Be Replaced with Fruit By-Product Extracts in a Gluten-Free and Vegan Cookie Recipe?
ecchi Bruno Zanoni Certain food by-products, including not-good-for-sale apples and pomegranate peels, are rich in bioactive molecules that can be collected and reused in food formulations. Their extracts, rich in pectin and antioxidant compounds, were obtained using hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a green, efficient, and scalable extraction technique. The extracts were chemically and physically characterized and used in gluten-free and vegan cookie formulations to replace part of the flour and sugar to study whether they can mimic the role of these ingredients. The amount of flour + sugar removed and replaced with ext...
Source: Molecules - February 29, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Carlotta Breschi Silvia D ’Agostino Francesco Meneguzzo Federica Zabini Jasmine Chini Luca Lovatti Luca Tagliavento Lorenzo Guerrini Maria Bellumori Lorenzo Cecchi Bruno Zanoni Tags: Article Source Type: research

Pullulan nanofibrous films incorporated with W/O emulsions via microfluidic solution blow spinning technology
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Feb 25:130437. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130437. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn this work, pullulan (PUL) nanofibrous films incorporated with water-in-oil emulsions (PE) were prepared by microfluidic blowing spinning (MBS). The microstructures of nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). With the addition of W/O emulsions, the thermal stability, mechanical, and water barrier properties of PUL nanofibers were improved. Increases in emulsion content significantly affected the antioxidant and antimicrobia...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - February 27, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liying Huang Di Zhang Nitong Bu Yuanbo Zhong Pingping Tan Huanglong Lin Jie Pang Ruojun Mu Source Type: research

A simple protocol for cultivating the bacterivorous soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in its natural ecology in the laboratory
The complex interplay between an animal and its surrounding environment requires constant attentive observation in natural settings. Moreover, how ecological interactions are affected by an animal’s genes is difficult to ascertain outside the laboratory. Genetic studies with the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have elucidated numerous relationships between genes and functions, such as physiology, behaviors, and lifespan. However, these studies use standard laboratory culture that does not reflect C. elegans true ecology. C. elegans is found growing in nature and reproduced in large numbers in soils enriched...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Combined effect of ultrasound and vacuum impregnation for the modification of apple tissue enriched with aloe vera juice
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Feb 17;104:106812. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106812. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe aim of the work was to investigate how ultrasonic (US) treatment impacts on the physical and chemical properties of vacuum-impregnated apples. Apple slices were subjected to vacuum impregnation (VI) in an Aloe vera juice solution without additional treatments, serving as the reference material. Alternatively, ultrasound (US) treatments, at frequencies of 25 or 45 kHz, and durations of 10, 20, or 30 min, were employed as a pre-treatments before the VI process. The use of US processing enabled a significant incre...
Source: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry - February 23, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Magdalena Trusinska Katarzyna Rybak Federico Drudi Urszula Tylewicz Malgorzata Nowacka Source Type: research

Link between organic nanovescicles from vegetable kingdom and human cell physiology: intracellular calcium signalling
Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) are a novelty in medical and agrifood environments, with several studies exploring their functions and potential applications. Among fruits, apples (sp. Malus domestica) have gr... (Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology)
Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology - February 19, 2024 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Martina Trentini, Ilaria Zanolla, Elena Tiengo, Federica Zanotti, Eduardo Sommella, Fabrizio Merciai, Pietro Campiglia, Danilo Licastro, Margherita Degasperi, Luca Lovatti, Massimo Bonora, Alberto Danese, Paolo Pinton and Barbara Zavan Tags: Research Source Type: research

Incidentally Found Lung Cancer Following Lung Transplantation: Apples and Oranges
Ann Thorac Surg. 2024 Feb 16:S0003-4975(24)00118-8. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.02.014. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38369177 | DOI:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.02.014 (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - February 18, 2024 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Arya Pontula Connor S Spies Matthew G Hartwig Source Type: research

Bad apples or systematic problem? Is Italy struggling with maintaining high level of research integrity?
Account Res. 2024 Feb 15:1-6. doi: 10.1080/08989621.2024.2318230. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe recent scandal involving Prof. Schillaci has raised concerns about the integrity of the Italian academic landscape, highlighting potential deeper issues within the research ecosystem. Despite the existence of comprehensive guidelines for research integrity set by the National Council of Research (CNR) and some prominent universities, the emphasis on educating research personnel about the importance of research integrity remains lacking. Additionally, prevalent issues such as nepotism and the manipulation of metrics for caree...
Source: Accountability in Research - February 16, 2024 Category: Medical Ethics Authors: Daniel Pizzolato Source Type: research

Determination and analysis of patulin in apples, hawthorns, and their products by high-performance liquid chromatography
This study aimed to establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to investigate the residues of patulin in apples, hawthorns, and their products. A total of 400 samples were collected from online shopping plats and supermarkets in China, including apples (n = 50), hawthorns (n = 50), and their products (apple juice, apple puree, apple jam, hawthorn juice, hawthorn chips, and hawthorn rolls,n = 300). In this experiment, this method had good linearity and a recovery of 82.3–94.4% for patulin. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.2 µg/kg for liquid samples, while it was 0.3 µg/kg for solid ...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - February 16, 2024 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research

Evaluation of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes during chlorine and peroxyacetic acid interventions in simulated apple dump tank water
This study validated the suitability of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes during sanitizer interventions in dump tank water systems. E. faecium NRRL B-2354 inoculated on apples exhibited statistically equivalent susceptibility to L. monocytogenes when exposed to chlorine-based sanitizers (25-100 ppm free chlorine (FC)) and peroxyacetic acid (PAA, 20-80 ppm) in simulated dump tank water (SDTW) with 1000 ppm chemical oxygen demand (COD), resulting in 0.2-0.9 and 1.1-1.7 log CFU/apple reduction, respectively. Increasing the contact time did not affect sanitizer efficacies against E. fa...
Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology - February 11, 2024 Category: Food Science Authors: Yuan Su Xiaoye Shen Andrew Liu Mei-Jun Zhu Source Type: research