Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate palmitic acid induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate palmitic acid induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 12;: Authors: Luo R, Li L, Liu X, Yuan Y, Zhu W, Li L, Liu J, Lu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y Abstract High levels of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) lead to endothelial dysfunction (ED), which is involved in the pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome, diabetes as well as atherosclerosis. ER stress and Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) are demonstrated mechanistically related to endothelial dysfunction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited an extraordinary cytoprotective effect on cellular lipotoxicity and vasculopathy. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clearly defined. In the present study, we investigated whether MSCs could ameliorate palmitic acid (PA) - induced endothelial lipotoxicity by reducing ER stress and EndMT. We observed that MSCs coculture substantially alleviated PA-induced lipotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MSCs were able to restore the cell viability, increase tubule formation and migration ability, and decrease inflammation response and lipid deposition. Furthermore, PA caused endothelial to mesenchymal transition in HUVECs, which was abrogated by MSCs possibly through inhibiting ER stress. In addition, PA stimulated MSCs to secrete more stanniocalcin 1 (STC1). Knocking down of STC1 in MSCs a...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - Category: Physiology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research