The Insulin-Like Growth Factor I System: Physiological and Pathophysiological Implication in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
The Insulin-Like Growth Factor I System: Physiological and Pathophysiological Implication in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2014 Dec 22;
Authors: Ren J, Anversa P
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. A number of theories have been speculated for the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome including impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, interrupted neurohormonal regulation and compromised intracellular Ca(2+) handling. Recent evidence has revealed that adults with severe growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) deficiency such as Laron syndrome display increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular diseases. IGF-1 signaling may regulate contractility, metabolism, hypertrophy, apoptosis, autophagy, stem cell regeneration and senescence in the heart to maintain cardiac homeostasis. An inverse relationship between plasma IGF-1 levels and prevalence of metabolic syndrome as well as associated cardiovascular complications has been identified, suggesting the clinical promises of IGF-1 analogues or IGF-1 receptor activation in the management of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms between IGF-1 and metabolic syndrome are still poorly understood. This mini-review will discuss the role of IGF-1 signaling cas...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ren J, Anversa P Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research
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