Acquired sensorineural hearing loss in children: current research and therapeutic perspectives.

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss in children: current research and therapeutic perspectives. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2017 Dec;37(6):500-508 Authors: Ralli M, Rolesi R, Anzivino R, Turchetta R, Fetoni AR Abstract The knowledge of mechanisms responsible for acquired sensorineural hearing loss in children, such as viral and bacterial infections, noise exposure, aminoglycoside and cisplatin ototoxicity, is increasing and progressively changing the clinical management of affected patients. Viral infections are by far the most relevant cause of acquired hearing loss, followed by aminoglycoside and platinum derivative ototoxicity; moreover, cochlear damage induced by noise overexposure, mainly in adolescents, is an emerging topic. Pharmacological approaches are still challenging to develop a truly effective cochlear protection; however, the use of steroids, antioxidants, antiviral drugs and other small molecules is encouraging for clinical practice. Most of evidence on the effectiveness of antioxidants is still limited to experimental models, while the use of corticosteroids and antiviral drugs has a wide correspondence in literature but with controversial safety. Future therapeutic perspectives include innovative strategies to transport drugs into the cochlea, such as molecules incorporated in nanoparticles that can be delivered to a specific target. Innovative approaches also include the gene therapy designed to compensate for abno...
Source: Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica - Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital Source Type: research