A Systematic Review of the Bidirectional Association Between Consumption of Ultra-processed Food and Sleep Parameters Among Adults

AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe summarized research on the bidirectional association between intake of ultra-processed food (UPF) and sleep.Recent FindingsSleep contributes to cardiometabolic health in part via food intake patterns. Restricting sleep increases intakes of high-carbohydrate/high-fat foods, a profile representative of UPF.SummaryThis systematic review covers the association of UPF intake, as an exposure or an outcome, and sleep. UPF was defined as NOVA Group 4. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through April 2023 for epidemiological studies with general-population adult samples. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria; all were cross-sectional, published between 2016 and 2023, with samples from Brazil (n = 8), Spain (n = 2), Italy (n = 1), the UK (n = 1), Paraguay (n = 1), Iran (n = 1) and China (n = 1). Thirteen studies examined UPF intake as the exposure whereas two tested UPF intake as the outcome. UPF intakes were determined using food frequency questionnaires (73%) or 24-h recalls (27%). Two studies assessed sleep via accelerometry; the remaining studies relied on self-reports of sleep quality, duration, anxiety-induced insomnia, and napping, with 60% using a single question. The average methodological quality across the studies was deemed “fair”. Six of the 13 studies that examined UPF consumption as the exposure revealed inverse associations with sleep outcomes in adjusted (n = 5) or bivariate (n = 1) analyses. Both studies addressing UPF consumption as...
Source: Current Obesity Reports - Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Source Type: research