Dimensional Neuroimaging Endophenotypes: Neurobiological Representations of Disease Heterogeneity Through Machine Learning
Machine learning has been increasingly used to obtain individualized neuroimaging signatures for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, it has contributed to a better understanding of disease heterogeneity by identifying disease subtypes with different brain phenotypic measures. In this Review, we first present a systematic literature overview of studies using machine learning and multimodal MRI to unravel disease heterogeneity in various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer ’s disease, schizophrenia, major d...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Junhao Wen, Mathilde Antoniades, Zhijian Yang, Gyujoon Hwang, Ioanna Skampardoni, Rongguang Wang, Christos Davatzikos Tags: Review Source Type: research
Extra-hippocampal contributions to social memory: The role of septal nuclei
Social memory, the ability to recognize and remember individuals within a social group, is crucial for social interactions and relationships. Deficit in social memory is linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, especially the circuit linking dorsal CA2 and ventral CA1 neurons, is considered a neural substrate for social memory formation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of extra-hippocampal contributions to social memory. The septal nuclei, including the medial and lateral septum, is a basal forebrain region that shares bidirectional neuronal connections with the ...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Apoorva Bettagere Shivakumar, Sonam Fathima Mehak, Feyba Jijimon, Gireesh Gangadharan Tags: Review Source Type: research
Connections between the middle frontal gyrus and dorso-ventral attention network associate with the development of attentional symptoms
The right MFG has been proposed as a convergence site for the DAN and VAN, regulating both networks and enabling flexible modulation of attention. However, it is unclear if the connections between the right MFG and these networks can predict changes in ADHD symptoms. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - May 6, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Yanpei Wang, Leilei Ma, Jiali Wang, Yuyin Ding, Weiwei Men, Shuping Tan, Jia-Hong Gao, Shaozheng Qin, Yong He, Qi Dong, Sha Tao Tags: Archival Report Source Type: research
Circulating metabolite abundances associated with risks of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and depression: a Mendelian randomization study
Preventive measures and treatments for psychiatric disorders are limited. Circulating metabolites are potential candidates for biomarker and therapeutic target identification, given their measurability and essential roles in biological processes. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - May 3, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tianyuan Lu, Yiheng Chen, Satoshi Yoshiji, Yann Ilboudo, Vincenzo Forgetta, Sirui Zhou, Celia MT. Greenwood Tags: Archival Report Source Type: research
Promoting Translational Approaches in Psychiatry
The relative lack of progress in psychiatry compared to other medical disciplines over the past half century reflects the rudimentary experimental approaches available until recently. We now have a range of advanced tools that for the first time enable penetrating studies of the brain. These tools make it possible to understand how a cell ’s molecular constituents drive that cell’s functioning within a larger neural circuit, and we are just beginning to decode how circuits generate behaviors. Likewise, we can understand how experience affects those circuits and in turn alters the molecular constituents of individual ce...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eric Nestler Tags: PLENARY I: BIG PICTURE Source Type: research
The Impact of Translational Neuroscience Approaches on the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Addiction is a brain disorder shaped by strong biosocial factors and resulting in devastating consequences to individuals and to society. Three decades of significant progress in genetics and neuroscience research, coupled with the advent of new molecular and brain imaging tools have helped characterize the cellular and network processes participating in the transition from drug use into addiction. This has opened up the opportunity for new therapeutics that target mechanisms involved with neuroplasticity. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nora D. Volkow Source Type: research
Developments in Cardiology That Have Advanced Health Care Over the Past Half Century
Review major advances in understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology Review major technical advances in cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments Epidemiologic and clinical trials that have improved therapy for cardiovascular diseases. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Arshed Quyyumi Source Type: research
The Biological Signature(s) of Suicide
Suicide and suicidal behaviors are complex public health problems of global dimension that strongly associate with psychopathology. Biological factors, such as genetic, epigenetic, inflammatory and hormonal factors, among others, likely contribute to individual risk, either increasing predisposition or contributing to a suicidal event. This session will discuss recent progress on the neurobiology of suicide focusing on genomic discoveries. Gustavo Turecki will discuss recent data from his lab produced using single-cell genomic tools to understand changes occurring in the prefrontal cortex of individuals who died by suicide...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anna Docherty, Gustavo Turecki, Yogesh Dwivedi Tags: SPECIAL SESSION Source Type: research
Astrocytic Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Promotes Resilience by Dampening Stress-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Alterations and Inflammation
Sex-specific blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations contribute to stress vulnerability and development of depressive behaviors. Conversely, neurovascular adaptations underlying stress resilience remain unexplored. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) can regulate stress responses and BBB permeability thus, here we evaluate if it could be involved in stress-induced vascular changes. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Katarzyna Anna Dudek, Sam E.J. Paton, Adeline Collignon, Manon Lebel, Olivier Lavoie, Jonathan Bouchard, Fernanda Neutzling Kaufmann, Laurence Dion-Albert, Valerie Clavet-Fournier, Luisa B. Binder, Claudia Manca, Nicolas Flamand, Manuel Guzman, Matthew Ca Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Polygenic Risk Score for C-Reactive Protein is Associated With Accelerated Cortical Thinning and Increased Psychopathology in Adolescents: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study
This study examines how a genetic predisposition to elevated inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and early-life infections might influence adolescent neurodevelopment and their risk for psychopathology. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Haixia Zheng, Jonathan Savitz, Ebrahim Haroon, Jonathan Ahern, Robert Loughnan, Bohan Xu, Katie Forthman, Robin Aupperle, Martin Paulus, Wesley Thompson, Chun Chieh Fan Source Type: research
The Perfect Storm: The Inflammation-Glia-Glutamate Nexus in Depression and Neurodegeneration
This study explored the relationship between depression, neurodegeneration risk factors, and cognitive dysfunction. We hypothesized that depressed individuals with higher neurodegeneration risk would show greater cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, glial dysfunction, and glutamate dysregulation. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ebrahim Haroon, Xiangchuan Chen, Diana Beltran, Evanthia Wommack, Felicia Goldstein, Karen Conneely, Blaine Roberts, Deqiang Qiu, Michael Treadway, Jennifer Felger, Andrew Miller Source Type: research
Imaging Monoamine Oxidase B in Inflammatory Illnesses Comorbid With Major Depressive Disorder
Diseases which induce peripheral and central inflammation are frequently comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbidity is associated with treatment resistance. Here we apply state of the art [11C]SL25.1188 PET to measure monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) VT, marker of astrogliosis in several diseases commonly comorbid with MDD for which specific mechanisms are implicated in inducing peripheral or central inflammation, yet lack investigation of astrogliosis. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jeffrey Meyer, Joeffre Braga, Yuko Koshimori Source Type: research
Differences in Neonatal Functional Connectivity Related to Sensory Overresponsivity in Toddlers
Sensory overresponsivity (SOR) is an early risk factor for childhood psychiatric conditions and might arise from neural variation present in early life. To identify candidate neural precursors of SOR in infancy, we analyzed network-level functional connectivity (FC) measures from neonates in relation to their SOR scores at age two. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Rebecca Schwarzlose, Andrew Eck, Michael Myers, Alyssa Labonte, Tara Smyser, Deanna Barch, Cynthia Rogers, Barbara Warner, Christopher Smyser, Chad Sylvester, Joan Luby, Muriah Wheelock Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Neural Mechanisms of Sensory Over-Responsivity in Autism Spectrum and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is characterized by an intense and/or aversive response to external sensory stimuli. SOR is prominent in both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), where it is associated with distress and functional impairment. Although SOR is prevalent and clinically important, its neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Emily Stern, Nicolette Recchia, Lucia Tu, Molly Ludlow, Melissa Breland, Goi Khia Eng, Russell H. Tobe, Katherine Collins Source Type: research
Sensory Gating Impairment in Adults With Chronic Tic Disorders
More than 50% of children and 80% of adults with chronic tic disorders (CTDs) experience sensory over-responsivity (SOR). Severity of SOR correlates with severity of core psychiatric features of the CTD phenotype. Mechanisms underlying SOR in CTD are unclear, but impaired sensory gating is strongly implicated. We seek to identify electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures of SOR in adults with CTD. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David Isaacs, Alex Conley, Alexandra Key, Carissa Cascio, Harrison Walker, Mark Wallace, Daniel Claassen Source Type: research
