Ten Simple Rules for Using Machine Learning in Mental Health Research
In the past decade, machine learning (ML) studies have flourished in mental health research, ranging from predicting diagnoses based on genetic data over risk estimations for adverse outcomes from MRI to monitoring affective states using digital phenotyping. Excitingly, the field rapidly evolves because researchers can choose among a rich array of data domains, processing steps, and algorithms, providing the freedom to develop highly adaptive modeling strategies (1-4). However, this freedom also involves navigating several dangers that may lead to biased or suboptimal analyses, adversely affecting reproducibility, generali...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 17, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Joaquim Radua, Nikolaos Koutsouleris Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Targeting Symptom-Specific Networks With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Increasing evidence suggests that the clinical effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation are target dependent. Within any given symptom, precise targeting of specific brain circuits may improve clinical outcomes. This principle can also be extended across symptoms —stimulation of different circuits may lead to different symptom-level outcomes. This may include targeting different symptoms within the same disorder (such as dysphoria vs. anxiety in patients with major depression) or targeting the same symptom across different disorders (such as primary major depression and depression secondary to stroke, traumatic brain...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shan H. Siddiqi, Michael D. Fox Tags: Review Source Type: research
Targeting symptom-specific networks with TMS
Increasing evidence suggests that the clinical effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are target-dependent. Within any given symptom, precise targeting of specific brain circuits may improve clinical outcomes. This principle can also be extended across symptoms – stimulation of different circuits may lead to different symptom-level outcomes. This may include targeting different symptoms within the same disorder (such as dysphoria versus anxiety in patients with major depression) or targeting the same symptom across different disorders (such as primary ma jor depression and depression secondary to stroke, trau...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shan H. Siddiqi, Michael D. Fox Tags: Review Source Type: research
Shaping memories via stress: a synaptic engram perspective
Stress modulates the activity of various memory systems and can thereby guide behavioral interaction with the environment in an adaptive or maladaptive manner. At the cellular level, a large body of evidence indicates that (nor)adrenaline and glucocorticoid release induced by acute stress-exposure affects synapse function and synaptic plasticity, which are critical substrates for learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests that memories are supported in the brain by sparsely distributed neurons within networks, termed engram cell ensembles. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Niek Brosens, Sylvie L. Lesuis, Priyanka Rao-Ruiz, Michel C. van den Oever, Harm J. Krugers Tags: Review Source Type: research
Advancing Clinical Psychiatry: Integration of Clinical and Omics Data Using Machine Learning
In the current issue of Biological Psychiatry, Habets et al. (1) focus on predicting the 2-year remission status for major depressive disorder (MDD) at an individual subject level, using baseline feature measurements. Remission refers to the absence or minimal presence of depressive symptoms, a crucial indicator for effective treatment planning. Through the application of machine learning (ML) to assess the combination of clinical and various omics factors, including genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and lipid metabolomics, the authors present a solution for the complex and heterogeneous etiology and phenotype of MD...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Bill Qi, Yannis J. Trakadis Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Unlocking the Potential of Effective Connectivity as a Neuroimaging Biomarker: A Path Toward Personalized Depression Treatment in Youth
Depression is a common and devastating mental illness with a peak age at onset of 19.5 years (1) and is a leading contributor to the burden of disease in youth ages 10 to 24 years (2). Adolescents with depression are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and depression represents a top cause of death in adolescents (3). Moreover, earlier onset of depression is associated with adverse psychosocial outcomes and more severe depressive symptomatology (4). Alarmingly, over the past decade, rates of depression have increased by 52% in adolescents ages 12 to 17 and 63% in young adults ages 18 to 25, with correspo...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kelsey E. Hagan Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Toward Reproducible, Generalizable, and Clinically Useful Neurophysiological Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder that contributes significantly to the global health and economic burden (1). It is characterized by a persistent depressed mood or the loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities and the presence of a range of other symptoms, including disturbances in sleep or psychomotor activity; appetite or weight change; decreased energy; feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty in thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide plans or attempts (2). (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ye Ella Tian Tags: Early Career Investigator Commentary Source Type: research
In This Issue
Volume 94, Number 12, December 15, 2023 (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Acknowledgments
The editors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the following: (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Acknowledgments Source Type: research
Editorial Board Page
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Subscribers Page
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Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Guide for Authors
Biological Psychiatry, founded in 1969, is an official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry and the first in the Biological Psychiatry family of journals. Companion titles include Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging and Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science. The Society ’s purpose is to promote excellence in scientific research and education in fields that investigate the nature, causes, mechanisms, and treatments of disorders of thought, emotion, and behavior. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Brainwide Mendelian Randomization Study of Anxiety Disorders and Symptoms
To gain insights into the role of brain structure and function on anxiety (ANX), we conducted a genetically informed investigation leveraging information from ANX genome-wide association studies available from the UK Biobank (n = 380,379), the FinnGen Program (n = 290,361), and the Million Veteran Program (n = 175,163) together with UK Biobank genome-wide data (n = 33,224) related to 3935 brain imaging–derived phenotypes (IDPs). (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mihaela-Diana Zanoaga, Eleni Friligkou, Jun He, Gita A. Pathak, Dora Koller, Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza, Murray B. Stein, Renato Polimanti Tags: Archival Report Source Type: research
Brain-Wide Mendelian Randomization Study of Anxiety Disorders and Symptoms
To gain insights into the role of brain structure and function on anxiety (ANX), we conducted a genetically informed investigation leveraging information from ANX genome-wide association studies available from UK Biobank (UKB; N=380,379), FinnGen Program (N=290,361), and Million Veteran Program (MVP; N=175,163) together with UKB genome-wide data (N=33,224) related to 3,935 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDP). (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - November 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mihaela-Diana Zanoaga, Eleni Friligkou, Jun He, Gita A. Pathak, Dora Koller, Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza, Murray B. Stein, Renato Polimanti Tags: Archival Report Source Type: research
