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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Total 27724 results found since Jan 2013.

Recent Advancement in the Search of Innovative Antiprotozoal Agents Targeting Trypanothione Metabolism.
Abstract Leishmania and Trypanosoma parasites are responsible for the challenging neglected tropical diseases leishmaniases, Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis, which account for up to 40,000 deaths annually mainly in developing countries. Current chemotherapy relies on drugs with major limits of efficacy and safety, prompting the urgent need of exploring innovative approaches to improve the drug discovery pipeline. The unique trypanothione-based redox pathway, which is absent in the human host, is vital for all trypanosomatids and offers valuable opportunities to guide the rational development of sp...
Source: ChemMedChem - August 16, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Saccoliti F, Di Santo R, Costi R Tags: ChemMedChem Source Type: research

Parasitological and molecular search for leishmania natural infection in phlebotomine sand flies in peri-urban sites of an argentinean area endemic for tegumentary leishmaniasis
Acta Trop. 2021 Jul 21:106064. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106064. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLeishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases caused by Leishmania spp. parasites transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. In Argentina, the most endemic area of American Tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) has been Orán department, Province of Salta, where Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis prevails and Nyssomyia neivai is considered as its vector, although there is no accurate and sufficient information in this regard. The aim of this work was to search for natural infection by Leishmania spp. in sand flies from pe...
Source: Acta Tropica - July 24, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mar ía Cristina Almazán Griselda Noem í Copa Jos é Fernando Gil In és López Quiroga Melisa Evangelina D íaz Fernández Alejandro Uncos Carlos Lorenzo Hoyos Julio Rub én Nasser Paola Andrea Barroso Jorge Diego Marco Source Type: research

Parasitological and molecular search for leishmania natural infection in phlebotomine sand flies in peri-urban sites of an argentinean area endemic for tegumentary leishmaniasis
Acta Trop. 2021 Jul 21:106064. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106064. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLeishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases caused by Leishmania spp. parasites transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. In Argentina, the most endemic area of American Tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) has been Orán department, Province of Salta, where Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis prevails and Nyssomyia neivai is considered as its vector, although there is no accurate and sufficient information in this regard. The aim of this work was to search for natural infection by Leishmania spp. in sand flies from pe...
Source: Acta Tropica - July 24, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mar ía Cristina Almazán Griselda Noem í Copa Jos é Fernando Gil In és López Quiroga Melisa Evangelina D íaz Fernández Alejandro Uncos Carlos Lorenzo Hoyos Julio Rub én Nasser Paola Andrea Barroso Jorge Diego Marco Source Type: research

Automatic diagnosis of malaria based on complete circle–ellipse fitting search algorithm
This study presents an automatic method for malaria diagnosis from thin blood smears. According to this fact that malaria life cycle is started by forming a ring around the parasite nucleus, the proposed approach is mainly based on curve fitting to detect parasite ring in the blood smear. The method is composed of six main phases: stain object extraction step, which extracts candidate objects that may be infected by malaria parasites. This phase includes stained pixel extraction step based on intensity and colour, and stained object segmentation by defining stained circle matching. Second step is preprocessing phase which ...
Source: Journal of Microscopy - September 19, 2013 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: M. SHEIKHHOSSEINI, H. RABBANI, M. ZEKRI, A. TALEBI Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cryptosporidium within-host genetic diversity: systematic bibliographical search and narrative overview.
Abstract Knowledge of the within-host genetic diversity of a pathogen often has broad implications for disease management. Cryptosporidium protozoan parasites are among the most common causative agents of infectious diarrhoea. Current limitations of in vitro culture impose the use of uncultured isolates obtained directly from the hosts as operational units of Cryptosporidium genotyping. As the validity of this practice is centred on the assumption of genetic homogeneity of the parasite within the host, genetic studies often take little account of the within-host genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium. Yet, theory an...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - March 24, 2016 Category: Parasitology Authors: Grinberg A, Widmer G Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: research

Thio- and semicarbazones: Hope in the search for treatment of Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.
CONCLUSION: Because of the efficiency and selectivity that some of these derivatives have shown, it can be concluded that thio-and semicarbazones constitute promising chemical scaffolds in the search for new anti-parasitic agents. PMID: 27629824 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Medicinal Chemistry - September 8, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: da Silva BV, Silva BN Tags: Med Chem Source Type: research

Pyrimidine Metabolism in Schistosomes: A comparison with Other Parasites and the Search for Potential Chemotherapeutic Targets.
Abstract Schistosomes are responsible for the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, an acute and chronic parasitic ailment that affects more than 240 million people in 70 countries worldwide. It is the second most devastating parasitic disease after malaria. At least 200,000 deaths per year are associated with the disease. In the absence of the availability of vaccines, chemotherapy is the main stay for combating schistosomiasis. The antischistosomal arsenal is currently limited to a single drug, Praziquantel, which is quite effective with a single-day treatment and virtually no host-toxicity. Recently, however, the ...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry and molecular biology. - July 20, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: El Kouni MH Tags: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol Source Type: research

Crystal structures of nematode (parasitic T. spiralis and free living C. elegans), compared to mammalian, thymidylate synthases (TS). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations in search for nematode-specific inhibitors of TS
Publication date: October 2017 Source:Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling, Volume 77 Author(s): Adam Jarmuła, Piotr Wilk, Piotr Maj, Jan Ludwiczak, Anna Dowierciał, Katarzyna Banaszak, Wojciech Rypniewski, Joanna Cieśla, Magdalena Dąbrowska, Tomasz Frączyk, Agnieszka K. Bronowska, Jakub Jakowiecki, Sławomir Filipek, Wojciech Rode Three crystal structures are presented of nematode thymidylate synthases (TS), including Caenorhabditis elegans (Ce) enzyme without ligands and its ternary complex with dUMP and Raltitrexed, and binary complex of Trichinella spiralis (Ts) enzyme with dUMP. In search of differences p...
Source: Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling - August 19, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 897: Insecticidal and Nematicidal Contributions of Mexican Flora in the Search for Safer Biopesticides
lo Plant metabolites have been used for many years to control pests in animals and to protect crops. Here, we reviewed the available literature, looking for the species of Mexican flora for which extracts and metabolites have shown activity against pest insects and parasitic nematodes of agricultural importance, as well as against nematodes that parasitize domestic cattle. From 1996 to 2018, the search for novel and eco-friendly biopesticides has resulted in the identification of 114 species belonging to 36 botanical families of Mexican plants with reported biological effects on 20 insect species and seven nematode spe...
Source: Molecules - March 3, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beatriz Hern ández-Carlos Marcela Gamboa-Angulo Tags: Review Source Type: research

“Chagas Express XXI”: A new ArtScience social technology for health and science education—A case study in Brazilian endemic areas of Chagas disease with an active search of chronic cases
ConclusionsCE21 is a social technology potentially useful for health and science education and active search of asymptomatic CD chronic cases. Moreover, this technology may be adapted to understand and to cooperate in other potentially epidemic situations, especially NTDs related.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - July 21, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tania C. Araujo-Jorge Source Type: research

Studies on Activities and Chemical Characterization of Medicinal Plants in Search for New Antimalarials: A Ten Year Review on Ethnopharmacology
Malaria is an endemic disease that affected 229 million people and caused 409 thousand deaths, in 2019. Disease control is based on early diagnosis and specific treatment with antimalarial drugs since no effective vaccines are commercially available to prevent the disease. Drug chemotherapy has a strong historical link to the use of traditional plant infusions and other natural products in various cultures. The research based on such knowledge has yielded two drugs in medicine: the alkaloid quinine from Cinchona species, native in the Amazon highland rain forest in South America, and artemisinin from Artemisia annua, a spe...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - September 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Biomarkers for schistosomiasis: Towards an integrative view of the search for an effective diagnosis.
Abstract Human schistosomiasis, caused mainly by Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. hematobium, remains a prevalent and serious parasitic disease worldwide. Although it is a debilitating disease, a lack of sensitive methods for the precise diagnosis of active infection cases is important to prevent morbidity. The optimization of new diagnostic approaches may be accomplished by the selection of specific markers. In that manner, markers can be satisfactorily used for detection of different phases of infection, as acute and chronic phases, pre-patent and post-patent phases and after chemotherapy, improving the...
Source: Acta Tropica - January 8, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Silva-Moraes V, Ferreira JM, Coelho PM, Grenfell RF Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

Fieldwork: Tiny Bones to Pick
Paleontologists brave wildfires, parasites and scorching temperatures in search of ancient mammal fossils -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - August 18, 2014 Category: Science Tags: Features More Science Evolution Archaeology & Paleontology Dinosaurs Evolutionary Biology Source Type: research

Phenolics and Terpenoids; the Promising New Search for Anthelmintics: A Critical Review.
Abstract Ailments caused by helminth parasites are global causing different types of clinical complications with permanent and long term morbidity in humans. Although huge advances have been made in medical sciences the effectiveness of available anthelmintics are still quite limited. Starting from the 50's, most importance was given to synthetic compounds for developing remedies from them, however, the traditional knowledge of medicine of different countries continued to provide us clues against this widespread health problem. Natural products or structural analogs with diverse structures are always been the majo...
Source: Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - February 26, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mukherjee N, Mukherjee S, Saini P, Roy P, Sinha Babu SP Tags: Mini Rev Med Chem Source Type: research

Old-school literature search helps ecologist identify puzzling parasite
A months-long literature search that involved tracking down century-old scientific papers and translating others from Czech and French helped an ecologist answer a question she'd wondered about for years.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - June 23, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news