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The effect of menopausal hormone therapy on the risk of melanoma and keratinocyte skin cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
The re-analysis of Women's Health Initiative and the publication of data emerging from recent clinical trials data have restored the initial decline in the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), due to adverse events, such as stroke and pulmonary embolism [1,2]. Nowadays, an increasing number of women treat their menopausal symptoms with hormonal therapies, which exhibit a better safety profile. However, the association of MHT with cancer development remains a potent drawback, with breast and endometrial cancer being the most frequently reported neoplasms [3,4].
Source: Maturitas - November 4, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Konstantinos Lallas, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Patroklos Theocharis, Eirini Boureka, Athanasios Kyrgidis, Eleftherios Klonos, Georgios Papazisis, Zoe Apalla, Aimilios Lallas, Efstratios Vakirlis Tags: Review article Source Type: research

The impact of micronized progesterone on cardiovascular events - a systematic review
In conclusion, while available data suggest that MP as a component in combined MHT may have a neutral effect on the vascular system, more RCTs investigating the impact of MP alone or in combined MHT on vascular primary endpoints are needed.PMID:35112635 | DOI:10.1080/13697137.2021.2022644
Source: Climacteric - February 3, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: L M Kaemmle A Stadler H Janka M von Wolff P Stute Source Type: research

Randomized Trial Evaluation of Benefits and Risks of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Women Aged 50-59.
Abstract The health benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 50-59 years are examined in the Women's Health Initiative randomized, placebo-controlled trials using long-term follow-up data and a parsimonious statistical model that leverages data from older participants to increase precision. These trials enrolled 27,347 healthy post-menopausal women aged 50-79 at 40 U.S. clinical centers during 1993-1998, including 10,739 post-hysterectomy participants in a trial of conjugated equine estrogens, and 16,608 participants with uterus in the trial of these estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acet...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 7, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Prentice RL, Aragaki AK, Chlebowski RT, Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Stefanick ML, Wactawski-Wende J, Kuller LH, Wallace R, Johnson KC, Shadyab AH, Gass M, Manson JAE Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

The Women's Health Initiative Estrogen-alone Trial had differential disease and medical expenditure consequences across age groups
Conclusion: The decline in ET utilization had differential disease and expenditure consequences by age groups in the United States. These results are limited by the lack of inclusion of vasomotor symptom benefit and costs of alternative medications for these symptoms in the analysis.
Source: Menopause - May 29, 2020 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Women's Health Initiative clinical trials: potential interactive effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with hormonal therapy on cardiovascular disease
Conclusions: CaD did not consistently modify the effect of CEE therapy or CEE + MPA therapy on CVD events. However, the increased risk of stroke due to CEE therapy appears to be mitigated by CaD supplementation. In contrast, CaD supplementation did not influence the risk of stroke due to CEE + MPA.
Source: Menopause - August 1, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Vaginal estrogen use and chronic disease risk in the Nurses’ Health Study
Conclusions: Vaginal estrogen use was not associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Our findings lend support to the safety of vaginal estrogen use, a highly effective treatment for genitourinary syndrome of menopause.
Source: Menopause - June 1, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

In assessing risk of hormone therapy for menopause, dose — not form — matters
FINDINGSWhen it comes to assessing the risk of estrogen therapy for menopause, how the therapy is delivered — taking a pill versus wearing a patch on one’s skin — doesn’t affect risk or benefit, researchers at UCLA and elsewhere have found. But with the commonly used conjugated equine estrogen, plus progestogen, the dosage does. Higher doses, especially over time, are associated with greater risk of problems, including heart disease and some types of cancer, especially among obese women.BACKGROUNDThe Women ’s Health Initiative established the potential of estrogen therapy to increase or decrease the risk of strok...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 27, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Women's Health Initiative estrogen plus progestin clinical trial: a study that does not allow establishing relevant clinical risks
Conclusions: The differences in RMST for the outcomes of the WHI study are too small to establish clinical risks related to hormone therapy use.
Source: Menopause - December 1, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Abstract 1341: Endocrine deprivation therapy increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to T cell-mediated lysis independently of estrogen receptor or androgen receptor status
Estrogen deprivation therapy has been used as the first line adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer for over 20 years. Tamoxifen, the first drug discovered to inhibit estrogen receptor signaling, is used to treat premenopausal women with estrogen receptor positive tumors. Although tamoxifen can be therapeutic in most women with estrogen receptor positive tumors, some women do not respond and others eventually develop resistance. In addition, tamoxifen has minimal effect on the growth of estrogen receptor negative tumors, including triple negative breast cancer, which has the poorest prognosis. Furthermore, prolonged a...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kwilas, A. R., Ardiani, A., Gameiro, S. R., Hodge, J. W. Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

Menopausal hormone therapy use in 17 European countries during the last decade
Introduction: The first ‘Women's Health Initiative’ (WHI) randomised controlled trial assessed use of continuous combined menopausal hormone therapy (cc-MHT). It was prematurely stopped because of an increased invasive breast cancer (BC), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and pulmonary embolism risk. Consequently, scientific societies recommended use of MHT at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration. As a result, a sharp decline in MHT use occurred worldwide.
Source: Maturitas - April 21, 2015 Category: Primary Care Authors: Lieveke Ameye, Caroline Antoine, Marianne Paesmans, Evandro de Azambuja, Serge Rozenberg Tags: O44 Source Type: research

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