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Total 24 results found since Jan 2013.

Age- and sex-dependent effects of DNA glycosylase Neil3 on amyloid pathology, adult neurogenesis, and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Free Radic Biol Med. 2022 Nov 14:S0891-5849(22)00983-2. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOxidative stress generating DNA damage has been shown to be a key characteristic in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, how it affects the pathogenesis of AD is not yet fully understood. Neil3 is a DNA glycosylase initiating repair of oxidative DNA base lesions and with a distinct expression pattern in proliferating cells. In brain, its function has been linked to hippocampal-dependent memory and to induction of neurogenesis after stroke and in prion disease. Here, we generated a novel AD mouse mod...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 17, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Milena A Egiazarian Silje Str ømstad Teri Sakshaug Ana B Nunez-Nescolarde Nicole Bethge Magnar Bj ørås Katja Scheffler Source Type: research

Iron promotes neurological function recovery in mice with ischemic stroke through endogenous repair mechanisms
In this study, we first observed that changes in iron metabolism occured during neurological function recovery in the mice with distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO). Our data showed that plasticity changes due to endogenous repair mechanisms resulted in improvements in cerebral cortex function. These changes involved gliosis, synaptic function reconstruction, remyelination, and activation of neural stem cells. In order to examine the potential role of iron, we synthesized liposomal-encapsulated deferoxamine (DFO) nanoparticles to further explore the effect and the mechanism of iron on the recovery of neurologica...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - February 24, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Xin Guo Xiaofang Jin Kang Han Shaomeng Kang Siyu Tian Xin Lv Mudi Feng Huiwen Zheng Yong Zuo Guodong Xu Ming Hu Jing Xu Peiyuan Lv Yan-Zhong Chang Source Type: research

Poststroke dendritic arbor regrowth requires the actin nucleator Cobl
by Yuanyuan Ji, Dennis Koch, Jule Gonz ález Delgado, Madlen Günther, Otto W. Witte, Michael M. Kessels, Christiane Frahm, Britta Qualmann Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability. We demonstrate that middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice leads to a strong decline in dendritic arborization of penumbral neurons. These defects were subsequently repaired by an ipsilateral recovery process requiring th e actin nucleator Cobl. Ischemic stroke and excitotoxicity, caused by calpain-mediated proteolysis, significantly reduced Cobl levels. In an apparently unique manner among excitotoxicity-aff...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - December 13, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Yuanyuan Ji Source Type: research

Dual-modality imaging of endothelial progenitor cells transplanted after ischaemic photothrombotic stroke
Publication date: Available online 2 November 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Jie Ding, Yi Zhang, Cong-Xiao Wang, Pei-Cheng Li, Zhen Zhao, Chao Wang, Gao-Jun TengAbstractAimsStroke is a refractory cerebral blood circulation disorder. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in the repair and regeneration of vascular injury through the combination of cell replacement and bystander effects. Here, we evaluated the biological function of EPCs in treating a mouse model of cerebral ischaemic stroke, using dual-mode bioluminescence and magnetic resonance imaging to trace EPCs in vivo.Main methodsWe constructed a viral ...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

New therapy promotes vascular repair following stroke
(University of Zurich) Following a stroke, antibodies that inhibit the signaling molecule Nogo-A can help repair blood vessels in the affected brain regions. This also promotes the regaining of motor functions, researchers at the University of Zurich have shown in a mouse model. The study opens up new avenues for treatment.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - June 24, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news

The interleukin-4/PPAR γ signaling axis promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination after brain injury
by Qingxiu Zhang, Wen Zhu, Fei Xu, Xuejiao Dai, Ligen Shi, Wei Cai, Hongfeng Mu, T. Kevin Hitchens, Lesley M. Foley, Xiangrong Liu, Fang Yu, Jie Chen, Yejie Shi, Rehana K. Leak, Yanqin Gao, Jun Chen, Xiaoming Hu The repair of white matter damage is of paramount importance for functional recovery after brain injuries. Here, we report that interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes oligodendrocyte regeneration and remyelination. IL-4 receptor expression was detected in a variety of glial cells after ischemic brain injur y, including oligodendrocyte lineage cells. IL-4 deficiency in knockout mice resulted in greater deterioration of whit...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - June 20, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Qingxiu Zhang Source Type: research

NEIL1 stimulates neurogenesis and suppresses neuroinflammation after stress.
Abstract Cellular exposure to ionizing radiation leads to oxidatively generated DNA damage, which has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. DNA damage is repaired by the evolutionarily conserved BER system. Exposure of mice to ionizing radiation affects neurogenesis and neuroinflammation. However, the consequences of deficient DNA repair in adult neurogenesis and neuroinflammation are poorly understood despite their potential relevance for homeostasis. We previously reported that loss of NEIL1, an important DNA glycosylase involved in BER system, is associated with deficiencies in spatial memory, olfactio...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - June 4, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Yang B, Figueroa D, Hou Y, Babbar M, Baringer SL, Croteau DL, Bohr VA Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

New gene therapy reprograms brain glial cells into neurons
(Penn State) A new gene therapy can turn certain brain glial cells into functioning neurons, which in turn could help repair the brain after a stroke or during neurological disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Stem cells can differentiate into neurons and may be useful post-stroke therapeutics
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Researchers have performed a careful comparison between locally generated, ischemia-induced, multipotent stem cells (iSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in an effort to determine which cell type has greater central nervous system (CNS) repair capacity.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - October 26, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1) rescues neurons from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through NRF2-mediated antioxidant pathway
In conclusion, enhanced BRCA1 after cerebral I/R injury may attenuate or prevent neural damage from I/R via NRF2-mediated antioxidant pathway. The finding may provide a potential therapeutic target against ischemic stroke.
Source: Redox Biology - July 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Arterial smooth muscle dynamics in development and repair.
Abstract Arterial vasculature distributes blood from early embryonic development and provides a nutrient highway to maintain tissue viability. Atherosclerosis, peripheral artery diseases, stroke and aortic aneurysm represent the most frequent causes of death and are all directly related to abnormalities in the function of arteries. Vascular intervention techniques have been established for the treatment of all of these pathologies, yet arterial surgery can itself lead to biological changes in which uncontrolled arterial wall cell proliferation leads to restricted blood flow. In this review we describe the intricat...
Source: Developmental Biology - February 1, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Roostalu U, Wong JK Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

Adaptive Responses of Neuronal Mitochondria to Bioenergetic Challenges: Roles in Neuroplasticity and Disease Resistance.
Abstract An important concept in neurobiology is "neurons that fire together, wire together" which means that the formation and maintenance of synapses is promoted by activation of those synapses. Very similar to the effects of the stress of exercise on muscle cells, emerging findings suggest that neurons respond to activity by activating signaling pathways (e.g., Ca(2+), CREB, PGC-1α, NF-κB) that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular stress resistance. These pathways are also activated by aerobic exercise and food deprivation, two bioenergetic challenges of fundamental importance in the evolution of t...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 27, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Raefsky SM, Mattson MP Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research