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Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 132 results found since Jan 2013.

Postpartum Increases in Cerebral Edema and Inflammation in response to Placental Ischemia during Pregnancy.
Abstract Reduced placental blood flow results in placental ischemia, an initiating event in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, a hypertensive pregnancy disorder. While studies show increased mortality risk from Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and cerebrovascular complications in women with a history of preeclampsia, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. During pregnancy, placental ischemia, induced by reducing uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP), leads to cerebral edema and increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability; however whether these complications persist after delivery is not known. Therefore, we tested ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - March 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Clayton AM, Shao Q, Paauw ND, Giambrone AB, Granger JP, Warrington JP Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Vitamin D 3 Supplementation Reduces Subsequent Brain Injury and Inflammation Associated with Ischemic Stroke
AbstractAcute inflammation can exacerbate brain injury after ischemic stroke. Beyond its well-characterized role in calcium metabolism, it is becoming increasingly appreciated that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VitD3), has potent immunomodulatory properties. Here, we aimed to determine whether 1,25-VitD3 supplementation could reduce subsequent brain injury and associated inflammation after ischemic stroke. Male C57Bl6 mice were randomly assigned to be administered either 1,25-VitD3 (100  ng/kg/day) or vehicle i.p. for 5 day prior to stroke. Stroke was induced via middle cerebral artery occl...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - February 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Review of Mathematical Models for Muscular Dystrophy: A Systems Biology Approach
Discussion With new developments in computational power and data availability, a growing amount of research is using a systems biology approach to understand pathogenesis and progression of disease. Effective and integrated in vitro and in silico models could inform biological phenomena, even without the need of a living subject. For instance, over the last few decades, collagen hydrogel with muscle derived cells (CHMDCs) have promised to revolutionize in vitro experiments and tissue engineering. For CHMDCs to reach the envisioned use, verification by use of mathematical simulations are needed. Recently while examining sha...
Source: PLOS Currents Muscular Dystrophy - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Matthew Houston Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Effect and Mechanism of Action of Tetramethylpyrazine Nitrone for Ischemic Stroke Therapy
AbstractOur previous studies demonstrated that the multifunctional agent TBN, a derivative of tetramethylpyrazine armed with a nitrone moiety, displayed high therapeutic efficacy in experimental ischemic stroke models. However, its molecular mechanisms of action underlying the neuroprotective effect need further exploration. In the present study, we found that TBN had significant activities scavenging free radicals such as·OH, O2·− and ONOO−, inhibiting Ca2+ overload, maintaining mitochondrial function and preventing neuronal damage in primary cortical cultures. Further, TBN was effective in reducing brain infarction...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - February 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Revised Framingham Stroke Risk Score, Nontraditional Risk Markers, and Incident Stroke in a Multiethnic Cohort Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—The R-FSRS downgraded stroke risk but had better calibration and discriminative ability for incident stroke compared with the original FSRS. Nontraditional risk markers modestly improved the discriminative ability of the R-FSRS, with coronary artery calcium performing the best.
Source: Stroke - January 22, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Peter Flueckiger, Will Longstreth, David Herrington, Joseph Yeboah Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Race and Ethnicity, Risk Factors, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

A novel method for the rapid detection of post-translationally modified visinin-like protein 1 in rat models of brain injury.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the current study demonstrates that the novel LFD is a reliable and rapid point-of-care diagnostic for the detection and quantification of serum levels of UB-VILIP-1 in a clinically relevant time frame. PMID: 29283288 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - December 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Dihydrolipoic Acid Inhibits Lysosomal Rupture and NLRP3 Through Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein-1/Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II/TAK1 Pathways After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rat Basic Sciences
Conclusions—DHLA treatment improved neurofunction and alleviated inflammation through the lysosome-associated membrane protein-1/CaMKII/TAK1 pathway in early brain injury after SAH. DHLA may provide a promising treatment to alleviate early brain injury after SAH.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Keren Zhou, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Zhiyi Xie, Chengmei Sun, Lingyun Wu, Jay Malaguit, Sheng Chen, Jiping Tang, Jianmin Zhang, John H. Zhang Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Inflammation, Ischemia, Mechanisms Original Contributions Source Type: research

Distinguishing features of microglia- and monocyte-derived macrophages after stroke
AbstractAfter stroke, macrophages in the ischemic brain may be derived from either resident microglia or infiltrating monocytes. Using bone marrow (BM)-chimerism and dual-reporter transgenic fate mapping, we here set out to delimit the responses of either cell type to mild brain ischemia in a mouse model of 30  min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). A discriminatory analysis of gene expression at 7 days post-event yielded 472 transcripts predominantly or exclusively expressed in blood-derived macrophages as well as 970 transcripts for microglia. The differentially regulated genes were fu rther collated wi...
Source: Acta Neuropathologica - December 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Preventive Treatment with Lomerizine Increases Cerebral Blood Flows during the Interictal Phase of Migraine
We examined rCBF after lomerizine treatment.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ken Ikeda, Joe Aoyagi, Sayori Hanashiro, Masahiro Sawada, Maya Kyuzen, Harumi Morioka, Junya Ebina, Junpei Nagasawa, Masaru Yanagihashi, Yuichi Ishikawa, Ken Miura, Kiyoko Murata, Takanori Takazawa, Kiyokazu Kawabe, Yasuo Iwasaki Source Type: research

The phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, FCPR16, attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.
This study indicates that FCPR16 has protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via the cAMP/CREB pathway, while it has low emetogenic potential. PMID: 29155261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - November 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Chen J, Yu H, Zhong J, Feng H, Wang H, Cheng Y, Zou Z, Huang C, Zhou Z, Zheng W, Xu J Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Effects of High- Versus Moderate-Intensity Training on Neuroplasticity and Functional Recovery After Focal Ischemia Basic Sciences
Conclusions—Low-volume HIT based on lactate threshold seems to be more effective after cerebral ischemia than work-matched MOD to improve aerobic fitness and grip strength and might promote cerebral plasticity.
Source: Stroke - September 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Caroline Pin–Barre, Annabelle Constans, Jeanick Brisswalter, Christophe Pellegrino, Jerome Laurin Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke, Neuroprotectants Original Contributions Source Type: research

Association of parathyroid hormone with 20-year cognitive decline: The ARIC study
Conclusions: Our work does not support an independent influence of PTH on cognitive decline in this population-based cohort study.
Source: Neurology - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Kim, S. M., Zhao, D., Schneider, A. L. C., Korada, S. K., Lutsey, P. L., Guallar, E., Alonso, A., Windham, B. G., Gottesman, R. F., Michos, E. D. Tags: Endocrine, Cognitive aging, Cohort studies, Risk factors in epidemiology ARTICLE Source Type: research