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Metformin enhances neural precursor cells migration and functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice
Exp Brain Res. 2023 Jan 8. doi: 10.1007/s00221-023-06547-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTResident neural precursor cells (NPCs) activation is a promising therapeutic strategy for brain repair. This strategy involves stimulating multiple stages of NPCs development, including proliferation, self-renewal, migration, and differentiation. Metformin, an FDA-approved diabetes drug, has been shown to promote the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs. However, it is still unclear whether metformin promotes the migration of NPCs. EVOS living cell imaging system was used for observing the migration for primary NPCs dynamically i...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - January 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Liang Zhang Jing Zhang Xiaoming Zhu Wei Jiao Yang Yang Youping Wu Likun Yang Yuhai Wang Source Type: research

Comparative assessment of in vitro BBB tight junction integrity following exposure to cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor: a quantitative evaluation of the protective effects of metformin using small-molecular-weight paracellular markers
ConclusionIn agreement with previous studies, our data showed the metformin could counteract the negative impact of TS and EC on BBB integrity, thus suggesting the possibility of repurposing this drug to afford cerebrovascular protection.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - June 22, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Feasibility trial of metformin XR in people with pre-diabetes and stroke (MIPPS)-randomised open blinded endpoint controlled trial
Publication date: April 2021Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Volume 86Author(s): Marjan Tabesh, Mariam Hachem, Lik-Hui Lau, Karen Borschmann, Leonid Churilov, Sarah A.L. Price, Priya Sumithran, Geoffrey Donnan, Jeffrey Zajac, Vincent Thijs, Elif I. Ekinci
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - February 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Metformin Alleviated the Neuronal Oxidative Stress in Hippocampus of Rats under Single Prolonged Stress
AbstractIn an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), our previous studies showed mitochondrial stress-induced apoptosis in the hippocampus. Metformin, the most commonly prescribed anti-diabetic drug, exerts its effects through 5 ′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. It was shown that a neuroprotective role was gradually established against stroke, spinal cord injury and Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the AMPK pathway in neuronal apoptosis in the hipp ocampus using a rat model of PTSD. The model PTSD rats received acute exposure to pr...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - July 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Metformin Attenuates Neurological Deficit after Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Rats.
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can lead to brain damage and even death, and there is lack of effective therapeutic methods for treating ICH. Although recent studies have focused on the administration of metformin in treating stroke, there is no literature to support whether it can be used to treat ICH. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of metformin on ICH and the underlying mechanisms of those effects. An ICH model was established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, ICH group, and ICH+metformin group. The neurobeh...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 29, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Qi B, Hu L, Zhu L, Shang L, Wang X, Liu N, Wen N, Hong Y, Fang D Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Pre-stroke Metformin Treatment is Neuroprotective Involving AMPK Reduction.
Abstract Long-term metformin treatment reduces the risk of stroke. However, the effective administration pattern and indications of metformin on acute cerebral ischemia are unclear. To investigate the neuroprotective treatment duration and dosage of metformin on focal ischemia mice and the association of neuroprotection with 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulations, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to permanent or transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and metformin of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected 1, 3 or 7 days prior to MCAO, or at the onset, or 1, 3...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Deng T, Zheng YR, Hou WW, Yuan Y, Shen Z, Wu XL, Chen Y, Zhang LS, Hu WW, Chen Z, Zhang XN Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

Chronic metformin treatment improves post‐stroke angiogenesis and recovery after experimental stroke
Abstract Metformin is currently the first‐line treatment drug for type 2 diabetes. Metformin is a well‐known activator of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK). In experimental studies, metformin has been shown to exert direct vascular effects by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor expression and improving microvascular density. As stroke is the leading cause of long‐term disability and angiogenesis is implicated as an important mechanism in functional recovery, we hypothesized that chronic metformin treatment would improve post‐stroke functional recovery by enhancing functional microvascular density. For...
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience - March 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Venugopal R. Venna, Jun Li, Matthew D. Hammond, Nickolas S. Mancini, Louise D. McCullough Tags: Research Report Source Type: research