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Sympathovagal imbalance in early ischemic stroke is linked to impaired cerebral autoregulation and increased infarct volumes
CONCLUSIONS: Increased vagal modulation in early hours of acute ischemic stroke, may interfere with cerebrovascular control and is associated with larger infarcts. Understanding the mechanisms that govern this complex interplay can be useful as novel therapeutic targets to improvement of outcome.PMID:35567917 | DOI:10.1016/j.autneu.2022.102986
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - May 14, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pedro Castro Jorge Serrador Farzaneh Sorond Elsa Azevedo Isabel Rocha Source Type: research

A Multidimensional Visible Evaluation Model for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study
In this study, we propose a visible evaluation model which can combine the FCMC indicators with a Ueda score to comprehensively evaluate the motor function. In this model, we first calculated the FCMC indicators based on our previous study, including transfer spectral entropy (TSE), wavelet package transfer entropy (WPTE) and multiscale transfer entropy (MSTE). We then apply Pearson correlation analysis to determine which FCMC indicators are significantly correlated with the Ueda score. Then, we simultaneously introduced a radar map to present the selected FCMC indicators and the Ueda score, and described the relation betw...
Source: IEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering - March 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Modified CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores to predict atrial fibrillation in acute ischemic stroke patients
Publication date: Available online 23 February 2018 Source:Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Author(s): Rixia Liu, Xiaomeng Yang, Shuya Li, Yong Jiang, Yilong Wang, Yongjun Wang It is important to identify candidates who warrant extended cardiac monitoring after ischemic stroke. We investigated the predictive performance of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for previously unknown atrial fibrillation during in-hospital electrocardiographic monitoring. Patients were selected from a prospective trial in China. The clinical prediction of the scores was examined using the C statistic. Multivariate logistic regressions were per...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - February 24, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation and Injected Aripiprazole: A Case Report
Conclusion In summary, although it is not possible to exclude confounding factors, the timing and dose-dependent effect of aripiprazole administration in our patient suggests an association between an initial intramuscular injection of long-acting aripiprazole and new onset of AF. This observation calls for clinical vigilance, not only in patients with additional risk factors for stroke but also in younger patients who might have predisposing factors for arrhythmias. References CPS (Canadian Pharmacists Association). Available at: http://www.e-therapeutics.ca. Accessed January 1, 2017. Polcwiartek C, Sneider B, Graff C,...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - May 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Case Report Current Issue adverse effects aripiprazole atrial fibrillation schizoaffective disorder Source Type: research

Autonomic Disturbances in Acute Cerebrovascular Disease
AbstractAutonomic disturbances often occur in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease due to damage of the central autonomic network. We summarize the structures of the central autonomic network and the clinical tests used to evaluate the functions of the autonomic nervous system. We review the clinical and experimental findings as well as management strategies of post-stroke autonomic disturbances including electrocardiographic changes, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial damage, thermoregulatory dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, urinary incontinence, sexual disorders, and hyperglycemia. The occurrence of autonom...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - October 11, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Sustained mild hypergravity reduces spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity.
Abstract Head-to-foot gravitational force >1G (+Gz hypergravity) augments venous pooling in the lower body and reduces central blood volume during exposure, compared with 1Gz. Central hypovolemia has been reported to reduce spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. However, no investigations have examined spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity during exposure to sustained mild +Gz hypergravity. We therefore hypothesized that mild +Gz hypergravity would reduce spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity, compared with 1Gz. To test this hypothesis, we examined spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity in 16...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - August 13, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yanagida R, Ogawa Y, Ueda K, Aoki K, Iwasaki KI Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

Electrocardiograph abnormalities in intracerebral hemorrhage
This study investigated the prevalence and type of electrocardiography (ECG) abnormalities, and their possible association with the clinical/radiological findings in 118 consecutive patients with non-traumatic, non-neoplastic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). ECG frequently demonstrates abnormalities in patients with ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage, but little is known of ECG changes in ICH patients. Clinical and radiological information was retrospectively reviewed. ECG recordings that were obtained within 24hours of the initial hemorrhage were analyzed. Sixty-six patients (56%) had one or more ECG abnormalities...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - September 11, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Effect of acupuncture on the hemodynamic system. Correlation between heart rate, cardiac output and blood pressure
Acupuncture stimulation can induce reduction of the heart rate via a somato-autonomic reflex. However, it is unknown whether acupuncture influences also other hemodynamics parameters. The present study was designed to investigate comprehensively the changes of cardiovascular responses during acupuncture stimulation. Twelve healthy volunteers (mean age: 22 ±1 years) participated in the study. Heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and blood pressure were measured in the subjects in supine position by means of the electrocardiogram, transthoracic impedance cardiogram and continuous non-invasive finger blood pressure.
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - November 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Misaki Okada, Hiroshi Taniguchi, Shingo Kato, Sazu Taniguchi, Hiroshi Kitakoji, Kenji Imai Source Type: research

Systemic Complications Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractMany systemic complications follow aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and are primarily due to sympathetic nervous system activation. These complications play an important role in the overall outcome of patients. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of systemic complications specifically associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Special focus has been made on systemic complications that occur more frequently in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage compared to other stroke subtypes and in the neurocritical care patient population. ...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - February 5, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

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