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Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Crosstalk between the Gut and Brain in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Options
Mediators Inflamm. 2022 Oct 11;2022:6508046. doi: 10.1155/2022/6508046. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTThere has been a significant amount of interest in the past two decades in the study of the evolution of the gut microbiota, its internal and external impacts on the gut, and risk factors for cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral ischemic stroke. The network of bidirectional communication between gut microorganisms and their host is known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). There is mounting evidence that maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis can frequently enhance the effectiveness of ischemic stroke treatment by mo...
Source: Atherosclerosis - October 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wenjing Huang Luwen Zhu Wenjing Song Mei Zhang Lili Teng Minmin Wu Source Type: research

The Bridge Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbes: Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Mar 28. doi: 10.1007/s10571-022-01209-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTShort-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are monocarboxylates produced by the gut microbiota (GM) and result from the interaction between diet and GM. An increasing number of studies about the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) indicated that SCFAs may be a crucial mediator in the MGBA, but their roles have not been fully clarified. In addition, there are few studies directly exploring the role of SCFAs as a potential regulator of microbial targeted interventions in ischemic stroke, especially for clinical studies. This review summarizes t...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - March 29, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Zongwei Fang Mingrong Chen Jiafen Qian Chunhua Wang Jinhua Zhang Source Type: research

Gut Microbiota as a Therapeutic Target to Ameliorate the Biochemical, Neuroanatomical, and Behavioral Effects of Traumatic Brain Injuries
Current efficacious treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI) are lacking. Establishment of a protective gut microbiota population offers a compelling therapeutic avenue, as brain injury induces disruptions in the composition of the gut microbiota, i.e. gut dysbiosis, which has been shown to contribute to TBI-related neuropathology and impaired behavioral outcomes. The gut microbiome is involved in the modulation of a multitude of cellular and molecular processes fundamental to the progression of TBI-induced pathologies including neuroinflammation, blood brain barrier permeability, immune system response, microglial acti...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Gut dysbiosis and age-related neurological diseases; an innovative approach for therapeutic interventions.
GUT DYSBIOSIS AND AGE-RELATED NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES; AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS. Transl Res. 2020 Aug 02;: Authors: Holmes A, Finger C, Morales-Scheihing D, Lee J, McCullough LD Abstract The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, and viruses that acts as a critical regulator in microbial, metabolic, and immune responses in the host organism. Imbalances in the gut microbiota, termed "dysbiosis", often induce aberrant immune responses, which in turn disrupt the local and systemic homeostasis of the host. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of gut...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 1, 2020 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Holmes A, Finger C, Morales-Scheihing D, Lee J, McCullough LD Tags: Transl Res Source Type: research

Gut Microbiota and Acute Central Nervous System Injury: A New Target for Therapeutic Intervention
Acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI), are the common causes of death or lifelong disabilities. Research into the role of the gut microbiota in modulating CNS function has been rapidly increasing in the past few decades, particularly in animal models. Growing preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that gut microbiota is involved in the modulation of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms fundamental to the progression of acute CNS injury-induced pathophysiological processes. The altered composition of gut microbiota after acute CNS ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 24, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2022 Jan 5;35(1):e0033820. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00338-20. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial acquisition of microbiota occurs from both the external and maternal environments, and the vast majority of them colonize the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These microbial communities play a central role in the maturation and development of the immune system, the central nervous system, and the GIT system and are also responsible for essential metabolic pat...
Source: Clinical Microbiology Reviews - January 5, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Shokufeh Ghasemian Sorboni Hanieh Shakeri Moghaddam Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani Saman Soleimanpour Source Type: research

Current and Novel Therapeutical Approaches of Classical Homocystinuria in Childhood With Special Focus on Enzyme Replacement Therapy, Liver-Directed Therapy and Gene Therapy
J Clin Med Res. 2023 Feb;15(2):76-83. doi: 10.14740/jocmr4843. Epub 2023 Feb 28.ABSTRACTClassical homocystinuria is a hereditary defect of the enzyme cystathionine beta synthase, which is produced in the liver. If this enzyme fails, the synthesis pathway of cysteine from methionine is interrupted, leading to the accumulation of homocysteine in the blood plasma and homocysteine in the urine. After birth, the children are unremarkable except for the characteristic laboratory findings. Symptoms rarely appear before the second year of life. The most common symptom is a prolapse of the crystalline lens. This finding is seen in ...
Source: Clin Med Res - March 10, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Stefan Bittmann Gloria Villalon Elena Moschuring-Alieva Elisabeth Luchter Lara Bittmann Source Type: research

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