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Total 86 results found since Jan 2013.

Ultrasound-Based Image Analysis for Predicting Carotid Artery Stenosis Risk: A Comprehensive Review of the Problem, Techniques, Datasets, and Future Directions
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Aug 7;13(15):2614. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13152614.ABSTRACTThe carotid artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the brain. Plaque buildup in the arteries can lead to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, ruptured arteries, and even death. Both invasive and non-invasive methods are used to detect plaque buildup in the arteries, with ultrasound imaging being the first line of diagnosis. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing literature on ultrasound image analysis methods for detecting and characterizing plaque buildup in the carotid artery. The r...
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 12, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Najmath Ottakath Somaya Al-Maadeed Susu M Zughaier Omar Elharrouss Hanadi Hassen Mohammed Muhammad E H Chowdhury Ahmed Bouridane Source Type: research

HIT-Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Simulation Case
Discussion: The simulation improved awareness of the symptoms of HIT and contraindications of immediate platelet and/or heparin initiation upon vessel occlusion and thrombocytopenia discovery.Topics: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, pain control, resuscitation efforts, coagulation disorders, history taking, undifferentiated patient, arterial occlusion, hematology, emergency medicine simulation.PMID:37465544 | PMC:PMC10332759 | DOI:10.21980/J89Q0M
Source: Pain Physician - July 19, 2023 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Shaza Aouthmany Alyssa Siano De Ante' Russ Mark Bustillo Source Type: research

Computed tomography angiography-based radiomics model for predicting carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability
This study aimed to identify radiomic features associated with the neovascularization of CAP and construct a prediction model for CAP vulnerability based on radiomic features. CTA data and clinical data of patients with CAPs who underwent CTA and CEUS between January 2018 and December 2021 in Beijing Hospital were retrospectively collected. The data were divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort using a 7:3 split. According to the examination of CEUS, CAPs were dichotomized into vulnerable and stable groups. 3D Slicer software was used to delineate the region of interest in CTA images, and the Pyradiomics package...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Great Contrast Shortage of 2022 —Lessons learnt in Australia
ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that the IBCM shortage crisis had a very significant impact on the delivery of healthcare. While V/Q scans could (partially) substitute for CTPA studies in suspected pulmonary emboli, there appeared to be no valid alternative for CTNA studies in stroke calls. The unexpected and critical shortage of IBCM forced healthcare professionals to conserve resources, prioritise indications, triage patients based on risk, explore alternate imaging strategies and prepare for similar events recurring in the future.
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - May 18, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Giles Kisby, James H Seow, Greg Schie, Constantine C Phatouros, Kay ‐Vin Lam, Tracey Muir, Sally Burrows, Paul M Parizel Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

What Are the Classifications of Perinatal Stroke?
Discussion Perinatal stroke occurs in about 1:1000 live births and is a “focal vascular injury from the fetal period to 28 days postnatal age.” Perinatal stroke is the most common cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy and causes other significant morbidity including cognitive deficits, learning disabilities, motor problems, sensory problems including visual and hearing disorders, epilepsy, and behavioral and psychological problems. Family members are also affected because of the potential anxiety and guilt feelings that having a child with a stroke presents, along with the care that may be needed over the child&#...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 1, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Deep convolution neural network for screening carotid calcification in dental panoramic radiographs
PLOS Digit Health. 2023 Apr 12;2(4):e0000081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000081. eCollection 2023 Apr.ABSTRACTIschemic stroke, a leading global cause of death and disability, is commonly caused by carotid arteries atherosclerosis. Carotid artery calcification (CAC) is a well-known marker of atherosclerosis. Such calcifications are classically detected by ultrasound screening. In recent years it was shown that these calcifications can also be inferred from routine panoramic dental radiographs. In this work, we focused on panoramic dental radiographs taken from 500 patients, manually labelling each of the patients' sides (ea...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Moshe Amitay Zohar Barnett-Itzhaki Shiran Sudri Chana Drori Tamar Wase Imad Abu-El-Naaj Millie Kaplan Ben-Ari Merton Rieck Yossi Avni Gil Pogozelich Ervin Weiss Morris Mosseri Source Type: research

Stroke risk prediction by color Doppler ultrasound of carotid artery-based deep learning using Inception V3 and VGG-16
CONCLUSION: In this research, we classified color Doppler ultrasound images into high-risk carotid vulnerable and stable carotid plaques. We fine-tuned pre-trained deep learning models to classify color Doppler ultrasound images according to our dataset. Our suggested framework helps prevent incorrect diagnoses caused by low image quality and individual experience, among other factors.PMID:36864909 | PMC:PMC9971808 | DOI:10.3389/fneur.2023.1111906
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 3, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shan-Shan Su Li-Ya Li Yi Wang Yuan-Zhe Li Source Type: research

Fully automatic carotid arterial stiffness assessment from ultrasound videos based on machine learning
This study aims to evaluate the stiffness of the CCA using machine learning (ML) through the features of diameter change ( ΔD) and stiffness parameters. This study was conducted in seven stages: data collection, preprocessing, CCA segmentation, CCA lumen diameter (DCCA) computing during cardiac cycles, denoising signals of DCCA, computational of AS parameters, and stiffness assessment using ML. The 51 videos (with 25  s) of CCA B-mode ultrasound (US) were used and analyzed. Each US video yielded approximately 750 sequential frames spanning about 24 cardiac cycles. Firstly, US preset settings with time gain compensation w...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - February 14, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Magnetic Targeting Nanocarriers Combined with Focusing Ultrasound for Enhanced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Therapy
A magnetic targeting nanocarrier loaded with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist (15d-PGJ2-MNPs) is magnetically targeted to the area of the hematoma with the subsequent application of focusing ultrasound for alleviating brain injury, accelerating hematoma clearance, attenuating neuroinflammation, and reducing the brain edema in the intracerebral hemorrhage mouse model. AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the world, and surgery is still the most direct and effective way to remove ICH. However, the potential risks brought by surgery, suc...
Source: Small - January 27, 2023 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tianyi Wang, Huali Lei, Xiang Li, Nailin Yang, Cheng Ma, Guangqiang Li, Xiang Gao, Jun Ge, Zhuang Liu, Liang Cheng, Gang Chen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Deep learning based on carotid transverse B-mode scan videos for the diagnosis of carotid plaque: a prospective multicenter study
ConclusionsThe DL model based on US videos corresponding to real examinations showed robust performance for plaque detection and significantly improved the diagnostic performance of junior radiologists.Key Points• The deep learning model based on US videos conforming to real examinations showed robust performance for plaque detection.• Computer-aided diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnostic performance of junior radiologists in clinical practice.
Source: European Radiology - December 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Can you learn to cough after having a stroke?
A strong cough, requires powerful coordinated contraction of expiratory (abdominal) muscles. The expiratory muscles contract to build up high positive intrapleural and intra-airway pressures for development of peak expiratory Flow rates. Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) has been shown to improve parameters related to pulmonary function, speech, and cough.However, no one has investigated what changes occur in the activation of abdominal muscles after training. The aim of this study is to clarify which role plays the coordination of abdominal muscles in expiratory flows. The null hypothesis was that stroke patients...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 1, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dominguez Sanz, N. Tags: 09.02 - Physiotherapists Source Type: research

How AI Is Changing Medical Imaging to Improve Patient Care
That doctors can peer into the human body without making a single incision once seemed like a miraculous concept. But medical imaging in radiology has come a long way, and the latest artificial intelligence (AI)-driven techniques are going much further: exploiting the massive computing abilities of AI and machine learning to mine body scans for differences that even the human eye can miss. Imaging in medicine now involves sophisticated ways of analyzing every data point to distinguish disease from health and signal from noise. If the first few decades of radiology were about refining the resolution of the pictures taken of...
Source: TIME: Health - November 4, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park and Video by Andrew D. Johnson Tags: Uncategorized Frontiers of Medicine 2022 healthscienceclimate Innovation sponsorshipblock Source Type: news

Attention-Based UNet Deep Learning Model for Plaque Segmentation in Carotid Ultrasound for Stroke Risk Stratification: An Artificial Intelligence Paradigm
This study proposes an attention-channel-based UNet deep learning (DL) model that identifies the carotid plaques in the internal carotid artery (ICA) and common carotid artery (CCA) images. Our experiments consist of 970 ICA images from the UK, 379 CCA images from diabetic Japanese patients, and 300 CCA images from post-menopausal women from Hong Kong. We combined both CCA images to form an integrated database of 679 images. A rotation transformation technique was applied to 679 CCA images, doubling the database for the experiments. The cross-validation K5 (80% training: 20% testing) protocol was applied for accuracy deter...
Source: Atherosclerosis - October 26, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pankaj K Jain Abhishek Dubey Luca Saba Narender N Khanna John R Laird Andrew Nicolaides Mostafa M Fouda Jasjit S Suri Neeraj Sharma Source Type: research