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The Association of Arsenic Metabolism with Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence
Conclusions: Population level of iAs% and DMA%, but not MMA%, were associated with arsenic exposure levels. Overall, study findings suggest that higher MMA% was associated with an increased risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease, while lower MMA% was associated with an increased risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Additional population-based studies and experimental studies are needed to further evaluate and understand the role of arsenic exposure in arsenic metabolism and the role of arsenic metabolism in disease development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP577 Received: 01 June 2016 Revised: 26 February 2017 Acce...
Source: EHP Research - August 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Glutamate Transport and Preterm Brain Injury
Silvia Pregnolato1*, Elavazhagan Chakkarapani1, Anthony R. Isles2 and Karen Luyt1 1Department of Neonatal Neurology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom 2Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of child death worldwide and a top global health priority. Among the survivors, the risk of life-long disabilities is high, including cerebral palsy and impairment of movement, cognition, and beh...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Mortality and Morbidity Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low-Level PM < sub > 2.5 < /sub > , BC, NO < sub > 2 < /sub > , and O < sub > 3 < /sub > : An Analysis of European Cohorts in the ELAPSE Project
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and BC was positively associated with natural-cause and cause-specific mortality in the pooled cohort and the administrative cohorts. Associations were found well below current limit values and guidelines for PM2.5 and NO2. Associations tended to be supralinear, with steeper slopes at low exposures with no indication of a threshold. Two-pollutant models documented the importance of characterizing the ambient mixture with both NO2 and PM2.5. We mostly found negative associations with O3. In two-pollutant models with NO2, the negative associations with O3 were attenuated to esse...
Source: Cancer Control - September 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Brunekreef Bert Strak Maciej Chen Jie J Andersen Zorana Atkinson Richard Bauwelinck Mariska Bellander Tom Boutron Marie-Christine Brandt J ørgen Carey Iain Cesaroni Giulia Forastiere Francesco Fecht Daniela Gulliver John Hertel Ole Hoffmann Barbara de Ho Source Type: research

Global Trend in Overweight and Obesity and Its Association With Cardiovascular Disease Incidence.
Abstract Although the global prevalence of both the overweight and obese is on the rise, there are variations among regions or countries, and sexes. Approximately half or more than half of the population are overweight/obese defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m(2)in the Americas (61.1%), Europe (54.8%), and Eastern Mediterranean (46.0%) according to the World Health Organization, while a much lower prevalence is observed in Africa (26.9%), South-East Asia (13.7%), and the Western Pacific (25.4%). Females are more likely to be overweight/obese in the Eastern Mediterranean, Africa, South-East Asia and the majority ...
Source: Circulation Journal - November 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yatsuya H, Li Y, Hilawe EH, Ota A, Wang C, Chiang C, Zhang Y, Uemura M, Osako A, Ozaki Y, Aoyama A Tags: Circ J Source Type: research

Metabolic Burden and Disease and Mortality Risk Associated with Impaired Fasting Glucose in Elderly Adults
ConclusionIFG was an intermediary condition for heart disease, inflammation, and oxidative stress in elderly adults but not for 2‐year incident disease or all‐cause mortality. Longer‐term prospective studies are needed to clarify whether IFG in elderly adults portends greater morbidity and mortality.
Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society - July 3, 2015 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Katherine Samaras, John Crawford, Helen L. Lutgers, Lesley V. Campbell, Bernhard T. Baune, Ora Lux, Henry Brodaty, Julian N. Trollor, Perminder Sachdev Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Studies support broader use of cholesterol-lowering statins
The latest guidelines used to determine who should take a cholesterol-lowering statin to prevent heart disease appear to be more accurate and cost-efficient than the previous guidelines. That’s according to two studies led by Harvard researchers, both published in this week’s Journal of the American Medical Association. For many years, the main deciding factor in who needed to take a statin was the level of an individual’s harmful low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Updated guidelines published in 2013 by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association moved away from LDL and ...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - July 16, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Julie Corliss Tags: Drugs and Supplements cholesterol high cholesterol statins Source Type: news

Smoking bans linked to fewer heart attacks and strokes
ConclusionThere is no doubt that tobacco smoking harms health and causes a great deal of disease and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that tobacco is responsible for one in 10 adult deaths worldwide.The question is whether smoking bans can help reduce the harm caused by tobacco. This summary of research suggests they can, particularly for people who are non-smokers. While it's hard to get good-quality evidence about the effects of smoking bans, comparisons of data from hospitals and national registries before and after a ban is helpful. However, we can't be sure the effects being measured are solely dow...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 4, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news

Age-specific impact of diabetes mellitus on the risk of cardiovascular mortality: An overview from the evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in the Japan Research Group (EPOCH-JAPAN).
CONCLUSIONS: The management of diabetes is important to reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, not only in midlife but also in late life, in the Japanese population. PMID: 28142033 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - February 1, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Long-term daily drinking linked to stiffening of the arteries in men
Conclusion This prospective cohort study aimed to look at the relationship between long-term alcohol patterns and stiffness of the arteries as a potential indicator of cardiovascular health. The researchers found men who were stable heavy drinkers had stiffer arteries compared with stable moderate drinkers. Male former drinkers also had increasingly stiffer arteries over the following four to five years compared with consistent moderate drinkers. There were no significant findings seen for women at all. But this study does have limitations: This type of study is not able to prove drinking causes stiffness of the arter...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 21, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Food/diet Source Type: news

Trends and Characteristics of Tuberculous Meningitis in the United States, 1993-2013 (S30.007)
Conclusions:Over the past two decades, the incidence and mortality of TBM in the US have steadily declined, but neurological complications are increasing.Study Supported by:This work was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders [grant numbers K23NS082367, R01NS097443-01 to H.K.] and the Michael Goldberg Stroke Research Fund to [H.K.].Disclosure: Dr. Merkler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chatterjee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gialdini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Reynolds has nothing to disclose. Dr. Morris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Murthy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thakur has received personal com...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Merkler, A., Chatterjee, A., Gialdini, G., Reynolds, A., Morris, N., Murthy, S., Thakur, K., Kamel, H. Tags: Infectious Disease: HIV, Syphilis, Borrelia, TB, Cysticercosis, and Other Infections Source Type: research

Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of a difference in total mortality, serious adverse events, or total cardiovascular events between people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease treated to a lower or to a standard blood pressure target. This suggests that no net health benefit is derived from a lower systolic blood pressure target. We found very limited evidence on adverse events, which led to high uncertainty. At present, evidence is insufficient to justify lower blood pressure targets (≤ 135/85 mmHg) in people with hypertension and established cardiovascular disease. More trials are needed to examine this topic....
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 20, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Saiz LC, Gorricho J, Garjón J, Celaya MC, Erviti J, Leache L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Employment and health after retirement in Japanese men.
Conclusion: Our study found that being in employment past the current age of retirement had a positive impact on health. PMID: 30505030 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization - December 1, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Okamoto S, Okamura T, Komamura K Tags: Bull World Health Organ Source Type: research

High-Fiber Diet Linked To Lower Risk Of Death And Chronic Illness
(CNN) — People who eat diets that are high in fiber have lower risk of death and chronic diseases such as stroke or cancer compared with people with low fiber intake, a new analysis found. Dietary fiber includes plant-based carbohydrates such as whole-grain cereal, seeds and some legumes. Fiber’s health benefits have been recorded “by over 100 years of research,” Andrew Reynolds, a researcher at the University of Otago in New Zealand, wrote in an email. He is co-author of the new meta-analysis of existing research, which was published Thursday in the journal The Lancet. The research shows that high...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 11, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN fiber Local TV Source Type: news

An Evaluation of Personal Cooling Systems for Reducing Thermal Strain Whilst Working in Chemical/Biological Protective Clothing
Conclusion: The IV, PCM, and SLIV produced lower heart rate, mean skin, rectal and mean body temperatures in addition to improved work times compared to control. The WS did not improve work times possibly as a result of the cooling capacity of the suit abating, and magnifying thermal insulation. Considering the added time and resources required to implement combination cooling in the form of ice slurry and ice vest (SLIV), there was no significant additive effect for perception, cardiovascular strain, rectal temperature and total trial time relative to the phase change vest or ice vest alone. This may be a product of a &#x...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Study: Skipping Breakfast Tied To Higher Risk Of Heart-Related Death
(CNN) — Whether you eat breakfast might be linked with your risk of dying early from cardiovascular disease, according to a new study. Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular-related death, especially stroke-related death, in the study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology on Monday. After a person’s age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, diet, lifestyle, body mass index and disease status were taken into account, the study found that those who never had breakfast had a 87% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with people who h...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - April 22, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN Heart Disease Source Type: news