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Mortality and Morbidity Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low-Level PM < sub > 2.5 < /sub > , BC, NO < sub > 2 < /sub > , and O < sub > 3 < /sub > : An Analysis of European Cohorts in the ELAPSE Project
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and BC was positively associated with natural-cause and cause-specific mortality in the pooled cohort and the administrative cohorts. Associations were found well below current limit values and guidelines for PM2.5 and NO2. Associations tended to be supralinear, with steeper slopes at low exposures with no indication of a threshold. Two-pollutant models documented the importance of characterizing the ambient mixture with both NO2 and PM2.5. We mostly found negative associations with O3. In two-pollutant models with NO2, the negative associations with O3 were attenuated to esse...
Source: Cancer Control - September 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Brunekreef Bert Strak Maciej Chen Jie J Andersen Zorana Atkinson Richard Bauwelinck Mariska Bellander Tom Boutron Marie-Christine Brandt J ørgen Carey Iain Cesaroni Giulia Forastiere Francesco Fecht Daniela Gulliver John Hertel Ole Hoffmann Barbara de Ho Source Type: research
Air Pollution Kills Millions Every Year: Action Needed
The World Health Organization calls air pollution the “single biggest environmental threat to human health" and estimates that 99 percent of the world’s population live in locations that are above WHO thresholds designed to protect human health. . Credit: Malav Goswami/IPSBy Felix HorneSep 2 2022 (IPS) Tarik, age 42, lives in a village adjacent to a decades-old coal power plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina. On the day we visited, Bosnian cities were some of the most polluted places on Earth. Describing the devastating health toll the air pollution took each year on the village’s older residents he voiced his fear for hi...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - September 2, 2022 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Felix Horne Tags: Environment Global Headlines Health Source Type: news
Nearly Everyone in the World is Breathing Polluted Air, Says WHO
(GENEVA, Switzerland) — The U.N. health agency says nearly everybody in the world breathes air that doesn’t meet its standards for air quality, calling for more action to reduce fossil-fuel use, which generates pollutants that cause respiratory and blood-flow problems and lead to millions of preventable deaths each year.
The World Health Organization, about six months after tightening its guidelines on air quality, on Monday issued an update to its database on air quality that draws on information from a growing number of cities, towns, and villages across the globe — now totaling over 6,000 municipalitie...
Source: TIME: Health - April 4, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: JAMEY KEATEN / AP Tags: Uncategorized climate change Climate Is Everything Environment healthscienceclimate wire Source Type: news
Interventions to increase patient and family involvement in escalation of care for acute life-threatening illness in community health and hospital settings.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review identified that interactional patient-facing interventions and multi-component programmes (including staff) to increase patient and family involvement in escalation of care for acute life-threatening illness may improve patient and family knowledge about danger signs and care-seeking responses, and probably have few adverse effects on patient's anxiety levels when compared to usual care. Multi-component interventions probably have little impact on mortality rates. Further high-quality trials are required using multi-component interventions and a focus on relational elements of care. Cognitive and be...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 8, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mackintosh NJ, Davis RE, Easter A, Rayment-Jones H, Sevdalis N, Wilson S, Adams M, Sandall J Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Handgrip strength, chronic physical conditions and physical multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults in six low- and middle income countries.
CONCLUSION: Weaker handgrip strength is associated with a range of chronic physical conditions and multimorbidity. Future research should seek to establish the predictive value of this inexpensive measure for clinical use.
PMID: 30509483 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - November 30, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Firth J, Koyanagi A Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research
Chronic Physical Conditions, Multimorbidity, and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Low ‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
ConclusionThese results highlight the need to investigate the underlying mechanisms linking chronic conditions and MCI and whether prevention or treatment of chronic conditions or multimorbidity can reduce the onset of cognitive decline and subsequent dementia, especially in LMICs.
Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society - February 10, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ai Koyanagi, Elvira Lara, Brendon Stubbs, Andre F. Carvalho, Hans Oh, Andrew Stickley, Nicola Veronese, Davy Vancampfort Tags: Clinical Investigation Source Type: research
Correlates of physical activity among depressed older people in six low ‐income and middle‐income countries: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
ConclusionsThe current data provide guidance for future interventions across LMICs to assist older people with depression engage in regular PA. The promotion of social cohesion may increase the efficacy of future public health initiatives, while from a clinical perspective, somatic co‐morbidities, MCI, pain, and slow gait need to be considered.Key points
More than 40% of older people with depression in low‐income and middle‐income countries do not meet physical activity guidelines.
Somatic co‐morbidities, lower body mass index, pain, and slow gait need to be considered.
The promotion of social cohesion may increase...
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - October 1, 2017 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Davy Vancampfort, Brendon Stubbs, Nicola Veronese, James Mugisha, Nathalie Swinnen, Ai Koyanagi Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion:
To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774
Received: 16 February 2017
Revised: 22 May 2017
Accepted: 24 May 2017
Published: 22 August 2017
Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Associations between Greenness, Impervious Surface Area, and Nighttime Lights on Biomarkers of Vascular Aging in Chennai, India
Conclusion:
Greenness, ISA, and NTL were associated with increased SBP, DBP, and cPP, and with reduced FMD, suggesting a possible additional EVA pathway for the relationship between urbanization and increased CVD prevalence in urban India. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP541
Received: 20 May 2016
Revised: 03 January 2017
Accepted: 23 January 2017
Published: 02 August 2017
Address correspondence to K.J. Lane, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Telephone: (781) 696-4537; Email: kevin.lane@yale.edu
Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289...
Source: EHP Research - August 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research
Ambient Temperature and Stillbirth: A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Conclusions:
Extremes of local ambient temperature may have chronic and acute effects on stillbirth risk, even in temperate zones. Temperature-related effects on pregnancy outcomes merit additional investigation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP945
Received: 09 August 2016
Revised: 06 December 2016
Accepted: 22 December 2016
Published: 22 June 2017
Address correspondence to P. Mendola, Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr., Room 3119, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. Telephone: (301) 496-526...
Source: EHP Research - June 22, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research
Let Us Talk About Moving: Reframing the Exercise and Physical Activity Discussion
Noncommunicable and chronic disease are interchangeable terms. According to the World Health Organization, “they are of long duration and generally slow progression. The 4 main types of chronic diseases are cardiovascular diseases (ie, heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma), and diabetes.” We have known about the ben efits of physical activity (PA) for thousands of years. Perhaps our approach, from public health messaging to the individual clinical encounter, as to how PA and exercise are discussed and prescribed can be improved upon, ...
Source: Current Problems in Cardiology - June 7, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ross Arena, Amy McNeil, Steven Street, Samantha Bond, Deepika R. Laddu, Carl J. Lavie, Andrew P. Hills Source Type: research
Let ′s Talk about Moving: Reframing the Exercise and Physical Activity Discussion
Noncommunicable and chronic disease are interchangeable terms. According to the World Health Organization “they are of long duration and generally slow progression. The 4 main types of chronic diseases are cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (i.e., heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes”. We have known about the benefits of physical activity (PA) for thousands of years. Perhaps our approach, from public health messaging to the individual clinical encounter, as to how PA and exercise are discussed and prescribed can be improved u...
Source: Current Problems in Cardiology - June 7, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ross Arena, Amy McNeil, Steven Street, Samantha Bond, Deepika R. Laddu, Andrew P Hills Source Type: research
Pollution Kills 1.7 Million Children Every Year, WHO Says
A quarter of all global deaths of children under five are due to unhealthy or polluted environments including dirty water and air, second-hand smoke and a lack or adequate hygiene, the World Health Organization (WHO) said on Monday.
Such unsanitary and polluted environments can lead to fatal cases of diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia, the WHO said in a report, and kill 1.7 million children a year.
“A polluted environment is a deadly one -– particularly for young children,” WHO Director-General Margaret Chan said in a statement. “Their developing organs and immune systems, and smaller bodies and airway...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - March 6, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
China, India Account For Half World's Pollution Deaths In 2015
China and India accounted for more than half of the total number of global deaths attributable to air pollution in 2015, researchers said in a study published on Tuesday.
The U.S.-based Health Effects Institute (HEI) found that air pollution caused more than 4.2 million early deaths worldwide in 2015, making it the fifth highest cause of death, with about 2.2 million deaths in China and India.
The institute’s study, the first of its kind, was based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project, a database backed by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation that tracks the role that behavioral, dietary and environmental...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 15, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Prevalence of Hypertension among Patients Attending Mobile Medical Clinics in the Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan
Conclusions
Better planning and preparation by humanitarian actors seeking to decrease the overall morbidity and mortality associated with disasters should include treatment of NCDs. There is limited evidence regarding the optimal management of hypertension in disaster settings. Clinical care of patients with hypertension and other NCDs is an important part of disaster relief and recovery. We recommend future studies to determine best practices and evidence-based management of other NCDs (such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, mental health etc.) in post-disaster settings.
Competing Inter...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - December 20, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: lindamob01 Source Type: research
