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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.
Letter to Wall Enhancement, Hemodynamics, and Morphology in Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms with High Rupture Risk
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
MicroRNA miR-7 Is Essential for Post-stroke Functional Recovery
AbstractTransient focal ischemia induces a sustained downregulation of miR-7 leading to derepression of its target α-synuclein (α-Syn), which promotes neuronal death. We previously showed that treatment with miR-7 mimic prevents α-Syn induction and protects brain after stroke in rodents irrespective of age and sex. To further decipher the role of miR-7, we currently studied infarction and motor function in mi R-7 double knockout mice (lack both miR-7a and miR-7b) subjected to focal ischemia. Adult miR-7−/− mice showed similar motor and cognitive functions to miR-7+/+ mice. However, when subjected to even a mild foca...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to: Reproductive Senescence and Ischemic Stroke Remodel the Gut Microbiome and Modulate the Effects of Estrogen Treatment in Female Rats
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Test –retest reliability of arterial spin labelling for cerebral blood flow in older adults with small vessel disease
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is common in older people and is associated with lacunar stroke, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and vascular cognitive impairment. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reduced in SVD, particularly within white matter.Here we quantified test –retest reliability in CBF measurements using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) in older adults with clinical and radiological evidence of SVD (N=54, mean (SD): 66.9 (8.7) years, 15 females/39 males). We generated whole-brain CBF maps on two visits at least 7 days apart (mean (SD): 20 (19), range 7-117 days).Test –retest relia...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 26, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Fate of Erythrocytes after Cerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractAfter a cerebral hemorrhage (intracerebral, subarachnoid, and intraventricular), extravasated blood contributes to both initial brain injury, via physical disruption and mass effect, and secondary injury, through the release of potentially neurotoxic and pro-inflammatory factors such as hemoglobin, iron, and peroxiredoxin-2. Erythrocytes are a major blood component and are a source of such damaging factors. Erythrolysis after cerebral hemorrhage releases potential neurotoxins, contributing to brain injury and edema. Alternatively, erythrocyte phagocytosis via microglia or macrophages may limit the spill of neurotox...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
In Vivo Vasospasm Induction by Ultrasound Application in the Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane Model
In this study, we assessed the reliability of in vivo vasospasm induction by ultrasound application in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. After incubation of fertilized chicken eggs for four days, a fenestration was performed to enable examination of the CAM vessels. On the thirteenth day, continuous-wave ultrasound (3 MHz, 1 W/cm2) was applied on the CAM vessels for 60 s. The ultrasound effect on the vessels was recorded by life imaging (5-MP HD-microscope camera, Leica®). The induced vessel diameter changes were evaluated in a defined time interval of 20 min using a Fiji macro. The vessel diameter b...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
U-net Models Based on Computed Tomography Perfusion Predict Tissue Outcome in Patients with Different Reperfusion Patterns
AbstractEvaluation of cerebral perfusion is important for treatment selection in patients with acute large vessel occlusion (LVO). To assess ischemic core and tissue at risk more accurately, we developed a deep learning model named U-net using computed tomography perfusion (CTP) images. A total of 110 acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment with major reperfusion ( ≥ 80%) or minimal reperfusion (≤ 20%) were included. Using baseline CTP, we developed two U-net models: one model in major reperfusion group to identify infarct core; the other in minimal reperfusion group to identify tissue at r...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Genetic Basis of Moyamoya Disease
AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive spontaneous bilateral occlusion of the intracranial internal cerebral arteries (ICA) and their major branches with compensatory capillary collaterals resembling a “puff of smoke” (Japanese: Moyamoya) on cerebral angiography. These pathological alterations of the vessels are called Moyamoya arteriopathy or vasculopathy and a further distinction is made between primary and secondary MMD. Clinical presentation depends on age and population, with hemorrhage and ischemic infarcts in particular leading to severe neurological dysfun...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Epitranscriptomic Modifications Modulate Normal and Pathological Functions in CNS
AbstractRNA is more than just a combination of four genetically encoded nucleobases as it carries extra information in the form of epitranscriptomic modifications. Diverse chemical groups attach covalently to RNA to enhance the plasticity of cellular transcriptome. The reversible and dynamic nature of epitranscriptomic modifications allows RNAs to achieve rapid and context-specific gene regulation. Dedicated cellular machinery comprising of writers, erasers, and readers drives the epitranscriptomic signaling. Epitranscriptomic modifications control crucial steps of mRNA metabolism such as splicing, export, localization, st...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Quantitative Analysis of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia and Intracranial Blood Volumes for Predicting Mortality After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
In conclusion, GG independently predicts mortality in ICH patients and positively correlates with IPH and IVH volumes. However, causality between the two is not established and would require specifically designed studies.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neural Stem Cells Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges
AbstractIschemic stroke, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cerebrovascular accident and results in severe neurological deficits. Despite advances in medical and surgical intervention, post-stroke therapies remain scarce, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Over the past decades, stem cell transplantation has been recognized as very promising therapy for neurological diseases. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is the optimal choice for ischemic stroke as NSCs inherently reside in the brain and can potentially differentiate into a variety of cell types within the central nerv...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Letter to Relation of Carotid Plaque Features Detected with Ultrasonography ‑Based Radiomics to Clinical Symptoms
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Increased Concentrations of Atherogenic Proteins in Aneurysm Sac Are Associated with Wall Enhancement of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm
This study sought to investigate whether the luminal concentrations of atherosclerotic proteins in the aneurysm sac were associated with increased wall enhancement of UIAs in VWI. Subjects undergoing endovascular treatment for UIAs were prospectively recruited. All subjects underwent evaluation using 3 T-MRI including pre/post contrast VWI of the UIAs. Blood samples were collected from the aneurysm sac and the parent artery during endovascular procedures. The presence of AWE was correlated with the delta difference in concentration between the aneurysm sac and the parent artery for each atherosc lerotic protein. A total ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Parkinson ’s Disease and Ischemic Stroke: a Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
AbstractWe aimed to assess the potential causal association between Parkinson ’s disease (PD) and ischemic stroke (IS) with Mendelian randomization methods. Summary statistics data from two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 33,674 PD cases and 40,585 IS cases were used in this study. We used inverse variance-weighted method for primary analysis, and fou r other Mendelian randomization methods (weighted median, MR-Egger regression methods, robust adjusted profile score, radial regression) to test whether PD was causal for IS and its subtypes. Analyses were bidirectional to assess reverse causality. Pr...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Comparative Studies of Cerebral Reperfusion Injury in the Posterior and Anterior Circulations After Mechanical Thrombectomy
AbstractCerebral reperfusion injury is the major complication of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Contrast extravasation (CE) and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are the key radiographical features of cerebral reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to investigate CE and ICH after MT in the anterior and posterior circulation, and their effect on functional outcome. This is a retrospective study of all consecutive patients who were treated with MT for AIS at University of California Irvine Medical Center between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017. Patient characteristics, clinical featur...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
