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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.
Serum Interleukin-1 Levels Are Associated with Intracranial Aneurysm Instability
This study aimed to investigate whether IL-1 could discriminate the unstable IAs (ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) and symptomatic unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs)) from stable, asymptomatic UIAs. IA tissues and blood samples from 35 RIA patients and 35 UIA patients were collected between January 2017 and June 2020 as the derivation cohort. Blood samples from 211 patients with UIAs were collected between January 2021 and June 2022 as the validation cohort (including 63 symptomatic UIAs). Blood samples from 35 non-cerebral-edema meningioma patients (non-inflammatory control) and 19 patients with unknown-cause ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Alpha-Asarone Ameliorates Neurological Dysfunction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Rats in Both Acute and Recovery Phases via Regulating the CaMKII-Dependent Pathways
AbstractEarly brain injury (EBI) is the leading cause of poor prognosis for patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), particularly learning and memory deficits in the repair phase. A recent report has involved calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the pathophysiological process underlying SAH-induced EBI. Alpha-asarone (ASA), a major compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbAcorus tatarinowii Schott, was proven to reduce secondary brain injury by decreasing CaMKII over-phosphorylation in rats ’ model of intracerebral hemorrhage in our previous report. However, the effect of ASA o...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Targeted Metabolomic Biomarkers for Stroke Subtyping
ConclusionsWe observed significant differences in metabolite profiles in LAA and CE strokes. Targeted metabolomics may provide enhanced diagnostic yield for stroke subtypes. The pathophysiological pathways of the identified metabolites should be explored in future studies.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Pilot Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuroprotective Studies in Female Rodent Models of Ischemic Stroke
AbstractMost ischemic stroke (IS) patients go untreated due to limited treatment windows, restrictive eligibility criteria, and poor availability of current clinical therapies. Neuroprotective treatments targeting protracted neurodegeneration are needed yet keep failing in clinical trials. Over half of IS patients are female, and the scarcity of neuroprotective studies using female animals hinders translational success. This pilot review and meta-analysis assessed the relationship between the risk of bias and efficacy of studies testing post-ischemic neuroprotective therapies using female rodent models of IS. We carried ou...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Anti-Apoptotic Effects of AMPA Receptor Antagonist Perampanel in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
This study was aimed to investigate if acute neuronal apoptosis is induced by activation of AMPA ( α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate) receptors (AMPARs) and inhibited by a clinically available selective AMPAR antagonist and antiepileptic drug perampanel (PER) in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and if the mechanisms include upregulation of an inflammation-related matricellular prot ein periostin. Sham-operated and endovascular perforation SAH mice randomly received an administration of 3 mg/kg PER or the vehicle intraperitoneally. Post-SAH neurological impairments and increased caspase-dependent neuronal ap...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Sphingosine-1-phosphate Signalling in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Basic Science to Clinical Translation
AbstractSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is generated intracellularly and, when transported to the extracellular compartment, predominantly signals through S1P receptors. The S1P signalling pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). In this review, we bring together all the available data regarding the role of S1P in neurological injury following aSAH. There is agreement in the literature that S1P increases in the cerebrospinal fluid following aSAH and leads to cerebral artery vasospasm. On the other hand, the role of S1P in the parenchyma is...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
New Drug Developments for Stroke: from Basics to Clinics
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Comprehensive Profiling of Secreted Factors in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Moyamoya Disease Patients
AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by progressive occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, leading to ischemic and hemorrhagic events. Significant clinical differences exist between ischemic and hemorrhagic MMD. To understand the molecular profiles in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MMD patients, we investigated 62 secreted factors in both MMD subtypes (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and examined their relationship with preoperative perfusion status, the extent of postoperative angiographic revascularization, and functional outcomes. Intraoperative CSF was collected from 32 control and 71 MMD patie...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring: an Effective Technique to Balance Cerebral Perfusion and Blood Pressure Reduction in ICH Patients
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Comprehensive CCM3 Mutational Analysis in Two Patients with Syndromic Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular disease that affects the central nervous system, which familial form is due to autosomal dominant mutations in the genesKRIT1(CCM1),MGC4607(CCM2), andPDCD10(CCM3). Patients affected by thePDCD10 mutations usually have the onset of symptoms at an early age and a more aggressive phenotype. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism involved with CCM3 disease pathogenesis. Herein, we report two typical cases of CCM3 phenotype and compare the clinical and neuroradiological findings with five patients with a familial form ofKRIT1 orCCM2 mutations a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Environmental Enrichment in Stroke Research: an Update
AbstractEnvironmental enrichment (EE) refers to different forms of stimulation, where the environment is designed to improve the levels of sensory, cognitive, and motor stimuli, inducing stroke recovery in animal models. Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and neurological disability among older adults, hence the importance of developing strategies to improve recovery for such patients. This review provides an update on recent findings, compiling information regarding the parameters affected by EE exposure in both preclinical and clinical studies. During stroke recovery, EE exposure has been shown to improve both the co...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 31, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Brain Maturation as a Fundamental Factor in Immune-Neurovascular Interactions in Stroke
AbstractInjuries in the developing brain cause significant long-term neurological deficits. Emerging clinical and preclinical data have demonstrated that the pathophysiology of neonatal and childhood stroke share similar mechanisms that regulate brain damage, but also have distinct molecular signatures and cellular pathways. The focus of this review is on two different diseases —neonatal and childhood stroke—with emphasis on similarities and distinctions identified thus far in rodent models of these diseases. This includes the susceptibility of distinct cell types to brain injury with particular emphasis on the role of...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Exercise Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Outcomes in an Experimental Mouse Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID)
AbstractVascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are a growing threat to public health without any known treatment. The bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) mouse model is valid for VCID. Previously, we have reported that remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) induced by BCAS increases cerebral blood flow (CBF), improves cognitive function, and reduces white matter damage. We hypothesized that physical exercise (EXR) would augment CBF during CCH and prevent cognitive impairment in the BCAS model. BCAS was performed in C57/B6 mice of both sexes to establish...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Implications of Post-recanalization Perfusion Deficit After Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Scoping Review of Clinical and Preclinical Imaging Studies
AbstractThe goal of reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is to restore cerebral blood flow through recanalization of the occluded vessel. Unfortunately, successful recanalization does not always result in favorable clinical outcome. Post-recanalization perfusion deficits (PRPDs), constituted by cerebral hypo- or hyperperfusion, may contribute to lagging patient recovery rates, but its clinical significance remains unclear. This scoping review provides an overview of clinical and preclinical findings on post-ischemic reperfusion, aiming to elucidate the pattern and consequences of PRPD from a translational pe...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Development and External Validation of Nomogram for Cerebral Infarction in Moyamoya Diseases
AbstractMore than 60% of moyamoya disease (MMD) patients suffers cerebral ischemia and preoperative cerebral infarction (CI) increases the risk of postoperative stroke and unfavorable outcome. We established a nomogram system for risk stratification of CI to help tailoring individualized management. We enrolled 380 patients including 680 hemispheres for the training cohort from our hospital and 183 patients including 348 hemispheres for the validation cohort from multicenter. A nomogram for CI was formulated based on the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of nomog...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
