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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.
Collateral Flow in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
AbstractIntracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a major cause of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) worldwide. The culprit of ICAD is frequently a high-grade intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) pertaining to the infarct territory, and by then, the ICAS is described as symptomatic. A high-grade ICAS may progressively limit cerebral perfusion downstream, demanding collateral compensation. Collateral circulation refers to the pre-existing and dynamic emergence of vascular channels that maintain and compensate for a failing principal vascular route. Collaterals through the Circle of Willis and ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Increased Number of Passes and Double Stent Retriever Technique Induces Cumulative Injury on Arterial Wall After Mechanical Thrombectomy in a Swine Model
AbstractThe number of stentriever passes during endovascular thrombectomy impacts clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. Previous studies suggest that the simultaneous double stent retriever technique (DSRT) could improve the efficacy and reduce the number of passes. We aim to analyze the degree of vessel wall injury according to the number of passes and technique (single vs. simultaneous devices). Histological changes were evaluated in renal arteries (RAs) of swine models after thrombectomy (1, 2, or 3 passes) with single stent (SSRT) and DSRT. Thrombectomy passes were performed in 12 RA: 3 samples from each artery w...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Machine Learning –Based Identification of Target Groups for Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke
AbstractWhether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) improves functional outcome in patients with large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke that do not comply with inclusion criteria of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but that are considered for EVT in clinical practice is uncertain. We aimed to systematically identify patients with LVO stroke underrepresented in RCTs who might benefit from EVT. Following the premises that (i) patients without reperfusion after EVT represent a non-treated control group and (ii) the level of reperfusion affects outcome in patients with benefit from EVT but not in patients without treatment benefit...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Stroke Motor Recovery —What Is Next?
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Discrete Poststroke Dementia Neuronal and Gliovascular Signatures
AbstractPoststroke dementia (PSD) is associated with pathology in frontal brain regions, in particular dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) neurons and white matter, remote from the infarct. We hypothesised that PSD results from progressive DLPFC neuronal damage, associated with frontal white matter gliovascular unit (GVU) alterations. We investigated the transcriptomic profile of the neurons and white matter GVU cells previously implicated in pathology. Laser-capture microdissected neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells were obtained from the Cognitive Function After Stroke cohort of control, PSD and poststroke non-d...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cerebral Fractional Flow Reserve for Functional Evaluation of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 30, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Deep Learning-Based Automatic Collateral Assessment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
This study aimed to develop a supervised deep learning (DL) model for grading collateral status from dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance perfusion (DSC-MRP) images from patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and compare its performance against experts ’ manual grading. Among consecutive LVO-AIS at three medical center sites, DSC-MRP data were processed to generate collateral flow maps consisting of arterial, capillary, and venous phases. With the use of expert readings as a reference, a DL model was developed to analyze collateral status with o utput classified into good and...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Transplantation of Exercise-Induced Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Ischemic Stroke
AbstractClinical evidence affirms physical exercise is effective in preventive and rehabilitation approaches for ischemic stroke. This sustainable efficacy is independent of cardiovascular risk factors and associates substantial reprogramming in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs). The intricate journey of pluripotent exercise-induced EVs from parental cells to the whole-body and infiltration to cerebrovascular entity offers several mechanisms to reduce stroke incidence and injury or accelerate the subsequent recovery. This review delineates the potential roles of EVs as prospective effectors of exercise. The candidat...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to: Is the Human Touch Always Therapeutic? Patient Stimulation and Spreading Depolarization after Acute Neurological Injuries
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Unconventional Growth Factors Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor and Mesencephalic Astrocyte –Derived Neurotrophic Factor Promote Post-ischemic Neurological Recovery, Perilesional Brain Remodeling, and Lesion-Remote Axonal Plasticity
AbstractConsiderable efforts are currently made to develop strategies that boost endogenous recovery once a stroke has occurred. Owing to their restorative properties, neurotrophic factors are attractive candidates that capitalize on endogenous response mechanisms. Non-conventional growth factors cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) and mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) promote neuronal survival and reduce neurological deficits in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in mice. Their effects on endogenous repair and recovery mechanisms in the stroke recovery phase were so far unknown. By intrac...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A 90-Day Prognostic Model Based on the Early Brain Injury Indicators after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: the TAPS Score
This study aimed to establish a new scoring model based on the early brain injury (EBI) indicators to predict the 90-day functional outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We retrospectively enrolled 825 patients and prospectively enrolled 108 patients with aSAH who underwent surgical clipping or endovascular coiling (derivation cohort = 640; validation cohort = 185; prospective cohort = 108) in our institute. We established a logistic regression model based on independent risk factors associated with 90-day unfavorable outcomes. The discrimination of the prognostic model was asses...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Iron-Induced Hydrocephalus: the Role of Choroid Plexus Stromal Macrophages
In conclusion, stromal macrophages account for ~10% of all choroid plexus cells, with more in aged rats. Treatments targeting macrophages (minocycline and clodronate liposomes) are associated with reduced iron-induced hydrocephalus.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Major Caveats Discovered in the Genetic Cell Ablation Model Used to Study Microglia Functions
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Unpacking the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications
AbstractStroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Inflammation and microvascular dysfunction have been associated with brain injury and long-term disability after both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Recent studies have suggested a potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a link underlying these pathogenic processes. EVs are cell-derived particles enveloped by a lipid bilayer, containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. From a functional standpoint, EVs can facilitate intercellular communication, including across the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Recent advances in EV research have shown a ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Letter to the Relationship of Morphological-Hemodynamic Characteristics, Inflammation, and Remodeling of Aneurysm Wall in Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
