Filtered By:
Specialty: Biochemistry
Drug: Insulin

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 33 results found since Jan 2013.

Linagliptin enhances neural stem cell proliferation after stroke in type 2 diabetic mice.
In conclusion, we found no correlation between acute neuroprotection (occurring in both T2D and normal mice) and increased NSC proliferation (occurring only in T2D mice). However, our results show that linagliptin evokes a differential response on NSC proliferation after stroke in normal and T2D mice suggesting that DPP-4 inhibition effect in the CNS might go beyond the well known increase of GLP-1. PMID: 24821550 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Regulatory Peptides - May 9, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Darsalia V, Olverling A, Larsson M, Mansouri S, Nathanson D, Nyström T, Klein T, Sjöholm A, Patrone C Tags: Regul Pept Source Type: research

Down regulation of brain cellular prion protein in an animal model of insulin resistance: Possible implication in increased prevalence of stroke in pre-diabetics/diabetics.
Abstract The risk of stroke is drastically increased in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients. The worldwide spread of obesity and insulin resistance increases the incidence of stroke. The direct effect of insulin resistance, as it pertains to stroke, on the central nervous system is not well understood. Since one of the physiological functions of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is neuroprotection, we studied effects of brain insulin resistance on the expression of PrP(C) in fructose-fed rats as an animal model of prediabetes. Compared with control chow-fed animals, rats fed a high-fructose diet (FF), exhibited c...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 26, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pham N, Khalaj S, Dhar A, Desai K, Taghibiglou C Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Fermented barley extract supplementation ameliorates metabolic state in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
In conclusion, our data suggest that increased expression of hepatic antioxidative genes and modulation of Nrf2 may play a role in the regulation of metabolic diseases in SHRSP consuming a FBEP diet. PMID: 26072687 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry - June 15, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ardiansyah, Shirakawa H, Giriwono PE, Oguchi K, Ueda K, Hokazono H, Hiwatashi K, Takahashi S, Sato S, Komai M Tags: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem Source Type: research

Protein-based HDL subspecies: Rationale and association with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, and dementia
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2022 May 20:159182. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159182. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHDL-cholesterol is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, and is used in clinical practice for risk stratification. HDL is composed of many protein-defined subspecies that each comprises just a few percent of the total, some associated with lower and some with higher risk of CVD. HDL that contains apoC3 and apoE are subspecies that have opposing actions on HDL reverse cholesterol transport and opposing associations with risk of future CVD, apoC3 adverse and apoE beneficial. In add...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - May 23, 2022 Category: Biochemistry Authors: F M Sacks J D Furtado M K Jensen Source Type: research

Prospects for the Use of Intranasally Administered Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Cerebral Ischemia
AbstractCurrent approaches to the treatment of stroke have significant limitations, and neuroprotective therapy is ineffective. In view of this, searching for effective neuroprotectors and developing new neuroprotective strategies remain a pressing topic in research of cerebral ischemia. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) play a key role in the brain functioning by regulating the growth, differentiation, and survival of neurons, neuronal plasticity, food intake, peripheral metabolism, and endocrine functions. Insulin and IGF-1 produce multiple effects in the brain, including neuroprotective action in cerebral...
Source: Biochemistry (Moscow) - March 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Homoarginine supplementation improves blood glucose in diet-induced obese mice.
Abstract L-Homoarginine (hArg) is an endogenous amino acid which has emerged as a novel biomarker for stroke and cardiovascular disease. Low circulating hArg levels are associated with increased mortality and vascular events, whereas recent data have revealed positive correlations between circulating hArg and metabolic vascular risk factors like obesity or blood glucose levels. However, it is unclear whether hArg levels are causally linked to metabolic parameters. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether hArg directly influences body weight, blood glucose, glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity...
Source: Amino Acids - June 16, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Stockebrand M, Hornig S, Neu A, Atzler D, Cordts K, Böger RH, Isbrandt D, Schwedhelm E, Choe CU Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

Physiological and therapeutic effects of carnosine on cardiometabolic risk and disease.
Abstract Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most common preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They represent major public health threat to our society. Increasing prevalence of obesity and T2DM contributes to escalating morbidity and mortality from CVD and stroke. Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, anti-ischaemic and chelating roles and is available as an over-the-counter food supplement. Animal evidence suggests that carnosine may offer many promising therapeutic benefits for multiple chroni...
Source: Amino Acids - March 16, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Baye E, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J, Hipkiss A, Aldini G, de Courten B Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

The role of miRNAs in insulin resistance and diabetic macrovascular complications - A review
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jan 6:123189. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123189. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDiabetes is the most prevalent metabolic disturbance disease and has been regarded globally as one of the principal causes of mortality. Diabetes is accompanied by several macrovascular complications, including stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), and cardiomyopathy as a consequence of atherosclerosis. The onset of type 2 diabetes is closely related to insulin resistance (IR). miRNAs have been linked to various metabolic processes, including glucose homeostasis, regulation of lipid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, adipo...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - January 9, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sherif S Abdel Mageed Ahmed S Doghish Ahmed Ismail Ahmed A El-Husseiny Sylvia F Fawzi Abdulla M A Mahmoud Hesham A El-Mahdy Source Type: research

Glucose metabolism derangements in adults with the MELAS m.3243A>G mutation
In this study we used stable isotope infusion techniques to assess glucose metabolism in vivo and under physiological conditions in 5 diabetic and 11 non-diabetic adults with the m.3243A>G mutation and 10 healthy adult controls. Our results revealed increased glucose production due to increased gluconeogenesis in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with the m.3243A>G mutation. In addition, diabetic subjects demonstrated insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, resulting in an inability to increase glucose oxidation which can explain the development of DM in these subjects. Non-diabetic subjects...
Source: Mitochondrion - November 3, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Daucosterol protects neurons against oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion-mediated injury by activating IGF1 signaling pathway
In this study, we investigated the effects of daucosterol on the survival of cultured cortical neurons after neurons were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation and simulated reperfusion (OGD/R) 2 2 OGD/R, oxygen and glucose deprivation and simulated reperfusion. , and determined the corresponding molecular mechanism. The results showed that post-treatment of daucosterol significantly reduced neuronal loss, as well as apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity, displaying the neuroprotective activity. We also found that daucosterol increased the expression level of IGF1 protein, diminished the down-regulation of p-AKT 3 ...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - April 10, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Adiponectin predicts cardiovascular events in diabetes dialysis patients.
CONCLUSIONS: In diabetes dialysis patients low adiponectin favors occurrence of atherosclerosis related cardiovascular events. PMID: 26006757 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Biochemistry - May 22, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kacso IM, Potra AR, Bondor CI, Moldovan D, Rusu C, Patiu IM, Racasan S, Orasan R, Vladutiu D, Spanu C, Rusu A, Nita C, Moldovan R, Ghigolea B, Kacso G Tags: Clin Biochem Source Type: research

What have we learned about GPER function in physiology and disease from knockout mice?
Publication date: Available online 16 July 2015 Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Author(s): Eric R. Prossnitz, Helen J. Hathaway Estrogens, predominantly 17β-estradiol, exert diverse effects throughout the body in both normal and patho-physiology, during development and in reproductive, metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, nervous, musculoskeletal and immune systems. Estrogen and its receptors also play important roles in carcinogenesis and therapy, particularly for breast cancer. In addition to the classical nuclear estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) that traditionally mediate predomi...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - July 17, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research