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Total 84 results found since Jan 2013.

Letter to the Editor regarding “Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes diagnosed after metformin-triggered stroke-like episodes”
We read with interest the article by Murakami et al. about a 40 years-old male with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episode (MELAS) syndrome due to the variant m.3243A>G with a heteroplasmy rate of 27%, in whom metformin was suspected to have triggered a stroke-like episode (SLE), the phenotypic hallmark of MELAS.1 Metformin was replaced by sitagliptin and the patient was discharged in a stable condition after three weeks.1 The study is excellent, but has limitations that are objectionable and should be discussed.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Sitagliptin After Ischemic Stroke in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Abstract: The cerebrovascular safety and efficacy of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with ischemic stroke remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin in patients with T2DM with recent ischemic stroke. We analyzed data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between March 1, 2009, and December 31, 2011. Ischemic stroke patients were identified from individuals with T2DM. Patients who received sitagliptin were compared with those who did not to evaluate the cardiovascular safety and efficacy...
Source: Medicine - July 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Cardiovascular risk of sitagliptin in ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A nationwide cohort study
Limited data are available about the cardiovascular (CV) safety and efficacy of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, in ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Ischemic stroke patients with T2DM and CKD were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from March 1, 2009 to December 31, 2011. A total of 1375 patients were divided into 2 age- and gender-matched groups: patients who received sitagliptin (n = 275; 20%) and those who did not (n = 1,100). Primary major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (M...
Source: Medicine - December 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Safety, feasibility and efficacy of metformin and sitagliptin in patients with a TIA or minor ischaemic stroke and impaired glucose tolerance
Conclusions Metformin and sitagliptin were both effective in reducing fasting glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with recent TIA or minor ischaemic stroke and IGT. However, the reduction of glucose levels and sample size was relatively small. The clinical relevance, therefore, needs to be tempered. A phase III trial is needed to investigate whether medical treatment, compared with lifestyle intervention or a combination of both, not only improves glucose metabolism in IGT, but also leads to reduction of recurrent TIA or ischaemic stroke in these patients. Trial registration number NL3048.
Source: BMJ Open - September 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Osei, E., Zandbergen, A., Brouwers, P. J. A. M., Mulder, L. J. M. M., Koudstaal, P., Lingsma, H., Dippel, D. W. J., den Hertog, H. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Metformin and sitAgliptin in patients with impAired glucose tolerance and a recent TIA or minor ischemic Stroke (MAAS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Impaired glucose tolerance is present in one third of patients with a TIA or ischemic stroke and is associated with a two-fold risk of recurrent stroke. Metformin improves glucose tolerance, but often leads to side effects.The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility, safety, and effects on glucose metabolism of metformin and sitagliptin in patients with TIA or minor ischemic stroke and impaired glucose tolerance. We will also assess whether a slow increase in metformin dose and better support and information on this treatment will reduce the incidence of side effects in these patients.Methods/DesignThe ...
Source: Trials - August 5, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Elizabeth OseiSusanne FonvilleAdrienne ZandbergenPaul BrouwersLaus MulderHester LingsmaDiederik DippelPeter KoudstaalHeleen den Hertog Source Type: research

EMPA-REG and Other Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Glucose-lowering Agents: Implications for Future Treatment Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract During the last decade, the armamentarium for glucose-lowering drugs has increased enormously by the development of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, allowing individualization of antidiabetic therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Some combinations can now be used without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia and weight gain. Following a request of the US Food and Drug Administration, many large cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies have been performed in patients with longstanding disease and established CV disease. In the majority of CV outcome studies, CV ris...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Schernthaner G, Schernthaner-Reiter MH, Schernthaner GH Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Regional, age, and sex differences in baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS)
ConclusionCV risk factors of TECOS participants are reasonably controlled on average, but differences in CV risk management according to region, sex, and history of prior disease exist. This diversity will enhance generalizability of the trial results.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - January 20, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: M. A. Bethel, J.B. Green, J. Milton, A. Tajar, S. S. Engel, R. M. Califf, R. R. Holman, Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Regional, age and sex differences in baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS)
ConclusionThe CV risk factors of participants in TECOS are reasonably controlled, but differences in CV risk management according to region, sex and history of disease exist. This diversity will enhance the generalizability of the trial results.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - February 13, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: M. A. Bethel, J. B. Green, J. Milton, A. Tajar, S. S. Engel, R. M. Califf, R. R. Holman, Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Sitagliptin attenuates transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats: Implication of the oxidative–inflammatory–apoptotic pathway
Publication date: 1 April 2015 Source:Life Sciences, Volume 126 Author(s): Ayman E. El-Sahar , Marwa M. Safar , Hala F. Zaki , Amina S. Attia , Afaf A. Ain-Shoka Aims Ischemic stroke is a major macrovascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor, was recently shown to improve cognitive functions in diabetic rats; hence the present study was conducted to evaluate its protective effect against transient ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic animals. Main methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (40mg/kg). Six weeks later, cerebral I/R was induced by bicommon carotid o...
Source: Life Sciences - March 11, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Sitagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease after acute myocardial infarction
Chen et al. evaluated the cardiovascular safety and efficacy of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, in 1,025 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [1]. The authors set the primary outcomes as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or cardiovascular death, and they conducted a one-year follow-up with use of Cox proportional hazard models. Although, the use of sitagliptin was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death, ischemic stroke or hospitalization for heart failure, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of sitaglipti...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - September 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tomoyuki Kawada Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety outcomes of new antidiabetic therapies.
CONCLUSION: A review of cardiovascular safety outcomes for new antidiabetic agents found that saxagliptin and alogliptin were associated with an increase in hospitalization for HF. The data for empagliflozin, liraglutide, and semaglutide showed a reduction in cardiovascular events and death or a neutral effect on cardiovascular endpoints. PMID: 28483748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP - May 8, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: LeBras MH, Barry AR, Koshman SL Tags: Am J Health Syst Pharm Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Protection with Anti-hyperglycemic Agents
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Conversely, CV disease is responsible for a majority of the deaths in patients with diabetes. Many drug trials have concentrated on blood glucose (hemoglobin A1c) reduction. This strategy, while reducing microvascular outcomes like nephropathy and neuropathy, has little or no effect on reducing macrovascular events like heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. It has been postulated that hypoglycemia may counterbalance some of the beneficial effects of anti-hyperglycemic agents, but this is not proven. Further, trial evidence for thiazolidine...
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - February 15, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Real-World Data on the Incidence of Macrovascular Complications in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The Sitagliptin Registration Type 2 Diabetes-Juntendo Collaborating Project
ConclusionThe extended SPIRITS-J study demonstrated that optimal comprehensive management in patients with type 2 diabetes according to the recent practice guidelines has succeeded in preventing macrovascular complications in Japan. This study suggests that more intensive LDL-C-lowering therapy is important for further prevention of macrovascular complications even in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (UMIN 000004121).
Source: Diabetes Therapy - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research