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Sleep disordered breathing has minimal association with retinal microvascular diameters in a non-diabetic sleep clinic cohort
ConclusionNo major SDB associations with CRAE or CRVE were identified, although the RFM/CPAP intervention reduced evening CRVE for severe OSA patients. Implications for cerebro-vascular disease risk remain uncertain. Trial registrationThe protocol was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Trial Id: ACTRN12620000694910).
Source: PLoS One - January 10, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kristina Kairaitis Source Type: research

The final puff: Can New Zealand quit smoking for good?
Smoking kills. Ayesha Verrall has seen it up close. As a young resident physician in New Zealand’s public hospitals in the 2000s, Verrall watched smokers come into the emergency ward every night, struggling to breathe with their damaged lungs. Later, as an infectious disease specialist, she saw how smoking exacerbated illness in individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. She would tell them: “The best thing you can do to promote your health, other than take the pills, is to quit smoking.” Verrall is still urging citizens to give up cigarettes—no longer just one by one, but by the thousands. As New...
Source: ScienceNOW - December 9, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

Effects of Enhanced Intracranial Pressure on Blood Pressure and the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Rabbits.
CONCLUSION: Increased ICP causes an increase in BP and CAVI, suggesting that enhanced stiffness of the muscular arteries contributes to high BP. Blocking the autonomic nervous system with hexamethonium suppresses the increase in BP and CAVI, indicating that these increases are mediated by activation of the autonomic nervous system. PMID: 33473056 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - January 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Inducing ketogenesis via an enteral formulation in patients with acute brain injury:a phase II study.
Conclusion: In patients with acute brain injury, an enterally administered ketogenic formulation increased plasma ketone concentrations, was well tolerated, did not impact on cerebral hemodynamics and can be safely administered.Clinical trial registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12616000332426)Abbreviations: BHB: betahydroxybutyrate; AcAc: acetoacetate; ABI: acute brain injury; TBI: traumatic brain injury; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; SAH: subarachnoid injury; CVA: cerebrovascular accidents; ICP: intracranial pressure; CPP: cerebral perfusion pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; EVD: external...
Source: Neurological Research - February 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Mitral valve surgery with or without coronary bypass grafting: eight-year cohort study.
CONCLUSION: MVR+CABG compared to MVR patients had more comorbidities and greater operative risk, and were independently associated with higher operative mortality and composite morbidity, but not independently associated with higher long-term mortality. PMID: 31415499 [PubMed - in process]
Source: New Zealand Medical Journal - August 16, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: N Z Med J Source Type: research

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Development and Feasibility of a Pacific-Focused Community Weight Management Program
Obesity is a significant public health issue in New Zealand, where two thirds of adults are overweight or obese.1 In New Zealand, Pacific people have a greater burden of overweight and obesity than others; 90% of Pacific adults experience overweight and obesity.1 Pacific rates of ischemic heart disease, stroke, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure are all also markedly greater than for other New Zealanders.1
Source: Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior - April 29, 2019 Category: Nutrition Authors: Susan Pirrit, Vili Nosa, Jennifer Utter Tags: GEM No. XXX Source Type: research

Pre-injury Comorbidities Are Associated With Functional Impairment and Post-concussive Symptoms at 3- and 6-Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study
Conclusions: Pre-injury psychiatric and pre-injury headache/migraine symptoms are risk factors for worse functional and post-concussive outcomes at 3- and 6-months post-mTBI. mTBI patients presenting to acute care should be evaluated for psychiatric and headache/migraine history, with lower thresholds for providing TBI education/resources, surveillance, and follow-up/referrals. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01565551. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2013 ~2.8 million TBI cases were recorded an...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research