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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Patent Foramen Ovale

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Total 305 results found since Jan 2013.

Prevalence of Pelvic Vein Pathology in Patients with Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale Undergoing MRV Pelvis
Conclusion: We demonstrate a relatively high prevalence of pelvic DVT among select CS patients emphasizing the importance of considering the pelvic veins as a potential source for emboli particularly in the presence of risk factors known to predispose DVT. Because patients were included at the treating physician's discretion, our results reflect ‘real-life' practice. Our results may be of clinical importance as inclusion of pelvic vein imaging in CS patients with PFO had impactful therapeutic and nosologic implications. Further study is needed to define patients most likely to benefit from pelvic vein imaging.Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;39:216-223
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 13, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Role of Occlusive Devices to Prevent Thromboembolism Among Persons With a Patent Foramen Ovale and Prior Stroke
Opinion statement Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been linked to stroke, presumably through the mechanism of paradoxical embolism; however, data is confusing regarding the causal relationship between PFO and embolic stroke. What has come to light in the past decade of research is that PFO closure with devices that achieve a high rate of closure may reduce the risk of recurrent stroke compared with medical therapy, but this benefit has not been shown in the general population with a PFO and cryptogenic stroke. The important question now is which patient will benefit from PFO closure for stroke risk reduction. A val...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - March 7, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Therapeutic Value of Laboratory Testing for Hypercoagulable States in Secondary Stroke Prevention
Although screening for hypercoagulable states is commonly performed as part of the evaluation of first arterial ischemic stroke in young adults, available evidence does not support this as a routine practice, even in patients with cryptogenic stroke and a positive family history of early thrombotic events or in patients with a patent foramen ovale. Testing for antiphospholipid antibodies is a possible exception because persistent antibodies are associated with an increased risk of recurrent stroke. Despite the lack of supporting data, screening for hypercoagulable states in recurrent early-onset cryptogenic cerebral ischem...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - February 28, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Chandni Kalaria, Steven Kittner Source Type: research

Prevention of Recurrent Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is common and only rarely related to stroke. The high PFO prevalence in healthy individuals makes for difficult decision making when a PFO is found in the setting of a cryptogenic stroke, because the PFO may be an incidental finding. Recent clinical trials of device-based PFO closure have had negative overall summary results; these trials have been limited by low recurrence rates. The optimal antithrombotic strategy for these patients is also unknown. Recent work has identified a risk score that estimates PFO-attributable fractions based on individual patient characteristics, although whether thi...
Source: Neurologic Clinics - February 28, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Benjamin S. Wessler, David M. Kent Source Type: research

Prevalence of Patent Foramen Ovale in Ischaemic Stroke in Italy: Results of SISIFO Study
Conclusion: If any relationship exists between stroke and PFO, this is more likely in PACI and POCI at a younger age. Our results are consistent with recent findings that underline PFO alone must not be considered a significant independent predictor for stroke; so the presence of PFO alone doesn't permit rushed causal correlations or ‘therapeutic aggressiveness'.Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;39:162-169
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Recurrent paradoxical embolic cerebral ischemia after patent foramen ovale closure
We report a case of recurrent paradoxical brain embolism in spite of PFO closure.
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - February 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Farina, F. M., Baracchini, C. Tags: Stroke in young adults, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Arteriovenous malformation, Embolism, All Genetics Cases Source Type: research

Paradoxical brain embolism in a young man: Is it only a patent foramen ovale?
Abstract Paradoxical embolism is considered the major cause of cerebral ischemic events in young patients. The most common cause of paradoxical embolism, which has been widely described, is right-to-left shunting (RLS) at cardiac level through a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Rarely paradoxical embolism can also be caused by RLS at pulmonary level due to pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF). Herein, we present a case of a young man, who experienced transient ischemic attack (TIA) due to paradoxical embolism, in whom both abovementioned abnormalities coexisted. This coincidence is very rare (noted in only 1% of pati...
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - February 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wozniak L, Mielczarek M, Sabiniewicz R Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research

Brief History of Patent Foramen Ovale and Stroke Stroke History
Source: Stroke - January 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Furlan, A. J. Tags: Embolic stroke Stroke History Source Type: research

Cervical Artery Dissection in Young Adults in the Stroke in Young Fabry Patients (sifap1) Study
Background: Patients with carotid artery dissection (CAD) have been reported to have different vascular risk factor profiles and clinical outcomes to those with vertebral artery dissection (VAD). However, there are limited data from recent, large international studies comparing risk factors and clinical features in patients with cervical artery dissection (CeAD) with other TIA or ischemic stroke (IS) patients of similar age and sex. Methods: We analysed demographic, clinical and risk factor profiles in TIA and IS patients ≤55 years of age with and without CeAD in the large European, multi-centre, Stroke In young FAbry Pa...
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cryptogenic stroke
In about a quarter of ischaemic strokes the cause is undetermined, because the investigation is incomplete or delayed, because there are multiple causes or because the stroke is truly cryptogenic. Cryptogenic stroke can be further classified as non‐embolic or embolic. Embolic stroke of undetermined source can be due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, minor emboligenic cardiac conditions, atheroembolism, cancer associated and paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) or less often a pulmonary fistula. Currently, risk factor control, statins and antiplatelets are the main therapeutic measures to prevent rec...
Source: European Journal of Neurology - January 18, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: A. C. Fonseca, J. M. Ferro Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Neurological complications of underwater diving.
Abstract The diver's nervous system is extremely sensitive to high ambient pressure, which is the sum of atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure. Neurological complications associated with diving are a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. They occur in both commercial and recreational diving and are connected with increasing interest in the sport of diving. Hence it is very important to know the possible complications associated with this kind of sport. Complications of the nervous system may result from decompression sickness, pulmonary barotrauma associated with cerebral arterial air embolism (AGE), otic...
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - January 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Rosińska J, Łukasik M, Kozubski W Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research

Internuclear opthalmoplegia as a symptom of ischemic stroke in a child with patent foramen ovale (PFO)
A 16-year-old previously healthy female presented with sudden diplopia and dizziness. Both symptoms appeared on the day of admission, soon after waking up in the morning. The day before admission she complained of a headache followed by transient numbness in the right half of her face. Neurological examination revealed typical signs of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (limitated adduction in the left eye with a horizontal nystagmus in the right eye during attempted right gaze, Fig. 1a,b,c,d).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - December 31, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria Mazurkiewicz-Bełdzińska, Marta Szmuda, Marta Zawadzka Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Internuclear Opthalmoplegia as a Symptom of Ischemic Stroke in a Girl With Patent Foramen Ovale
A previously healthy 16-year-old girl presented with sudden-onset diplopia and dizziness. Both symptoms appeared on the day of admission, soon after awakening in the morning. The day before admission, she complained of a headache followed by transient numbness in the right half of her face. Neurological examination revealed an internuclear ophthalmoplegia (limited adduction in the left eye with a horizontal nystagmus in the right eye during attempted right gaze, Figure A-D).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - December 31, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Maria Mazurkiewicz-Bełdzińska, Marta Szmuda, Marta Zawadzka Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Fibrinolytic activity and platelet function in subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea and a patent foramen ovale: is there an option for prevention of ischaemic stroke?
Authors: Reggiani M, Karttunen V, Wartiovaara-Kautto U, Riutta A, Uchiyama S, Hillbom M Abstract Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) carries an increased risk of ischaemic stroke, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. As right-to-left shunting can occur through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) during periods of apnoea, we investigated nocturnal changes in fibrinolytic activity and platelet function in subjects who had OSA with or without PFO and in controls. We determined plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) activity and antigen and platelet activation parameters. The severity of OSA was verified by polygraphy and...
Source: Stroke Research and Treatment - December 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Stroke Res Treat Source Type: research

Provoked Right-to-Left Shunt in Patent Foramen Ovale Associates With Ischemic Stroke in Posterior Circulation Brief Reports
Conclusions— The predominance of posterior-circulatory infarction in provoked RLS patients suggests that the Valsalva maneuver may promote RLS and paradoxical embolization to the posterior circulation.
Source: Stroke - November 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Kim, B. J., Kim, N.-Y., Kang, D.-W., Kim, J. S., Kwon, S. U. Tags: Doppler ultrasound, Transcranial Doppler etc. Brief Reports Source Type: research