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Condition: Dementia
Procedure: Perfusion

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Total 107 results found since Jan 2013.

Cerebral Perfusion and the Risk of Dementia in the General Population (P4.002)
Conclusion: Cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in the general population. These findings suggest preservation and restoration of cerebral perfusion may limit cognitive decline.Disclosure: Dr. Wolters has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zonneveld has nothing to disclose. Dr. Koudstaal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hofman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vernooij has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ikram has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wolters, F., Zonneveld, H., Koudstaal, P., Hofman, A., Vernooij, M., Ikram, M. Tags: Aging and Dementia Poster Discussion Session Source Type: research

Cerebral Perfusion and the Risk of Dementia in the General Population (I9.006)
Conclusion: Cerebral hypoperfusion is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in the general population. These findings suggest preservation and restoration of cerebral perfusion may limit cognitive decline.Disclosure: Dr. Wolters has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zonneveld has nothing to disclose. Dr. Koudstaal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hofman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vernooij has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ikram has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wolters, F., Zonneveld, H., Koudstaal, P., Hofman, A., Vernooij, M., Ikram, M. Tags: Sleep, Clocks, and Alzheimer ' s Disease Data Blitz Presentations Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Endocannabinoids in cerebrovascular regulation
The cerebral blood flow is tightly regulated by myogenic, endothelial, metabolic, and neural mechanisms under physiological conditions, and a large body of recent evidence indicates that inflammatory pathways have a major influence on the cerebral blood perfusion in certain central nervous system disorders, like hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and vascular dementia. All major cell types involved in cerebrovascular control pathways (i.e., smooth muscle, endothelium, neurons, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and leukocytes) are capable of synthesizing endocannabinoids and/or express some or several ...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 31, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benyo, Z., Ruisanchez, E., Leszl-Ishiguro, M., Sandor, P., Pacher, P. Tags: Special Review Articles REVIEWS Source Type: research

Abstract 135: Complementary-Medicine Prevention of Alzheimers Disease by Blackcurrant Extract Session Title: Abstract Poster Session I and Reception
Conclusion: The flow experiments show that membrane filtered BCE clearly improved endothelial function by an additional NO release, while ethanol extracted did not. This vasodilatation together with the reduction of Alzheimer nanoplaques may have a beneficial effect on cognitive functions in dementiae of the Alzheimer type, in prevention of TIA and stroke.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - February 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Siegel, G., Mockenhaupt, F. H. M., Pircher, A., Ermilov, E., Hammersen, S. Tags: Session Title: Abstract Poster Session I and Reception Source Type: research

Endocannabinoids in Cerebrovascular Regulation.
Abstract The cerebral blood flow (CBF) is tightly regulated by myogenic, endothelial, metabolic and neural mechanisms under physiological conditions, and a large body of recent evidence indicates that inflammatory pathways have a major influence on the cerebral blood perfusion in certain CNS disorders, like hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury and vascular dementia. All major cell types involved in cerebrovascular control pathways (i.e. smooth muscle, endothelium, neurons, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia and leukocytes) are capable of synthesizing endocannabinoids and/or express some or several...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - January 29, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Benyó Z, Ruisanchez É, Leszl-Ishiguro M, Sándor P, Pacher P Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

The impact of age on cerebral perfusion, oxygenation and metabolism during exercise in humans.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 26435295 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - October 5, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Braz ID, Fisher JP Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

A neuroradiologist’s guide to arterial spin labeling MRI in clinical practice
Abstract Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive MRI technique to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF). This review provides a practical guide and overview of the clinical applications of ASL of the brain, as well its potential pitfalls. The technical and physiological background is also addressed. At present, main areas of interest are cerebrovascular disease, dementia and neuro-oncology. In cerebrovascular disease, ASL is of particular interest owing to its quantitative nature and its capability to determine cerebral arterial territories. In acute stroke, the source of the collateral blood supply in the penu...
Source: Neuroradiology - September 9, 2015 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Inflammation-associated declines in cerebral vasoreactivity and cognition in type 2 diabetes
Conclusions: Inflammation may further impair cerebral vasoregulation, which consequently accelerates decline in executive function and daily activities performance in older people with T2DM.
Source: Neurology - August 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Chung, C.-C., Pimentel, D., Jor'dan, A. J., Hao, Y., Milberg, W., Novak, V. Tags: MRI, Endocrine, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

Regulation of myogenic tone and structure of parenchymal arterioles by hypertension and the mineralocorticoid receptor
Proper perfusion is vital for maintenance of neuronal homeostasis and brain function. Changes in the function and structure of cerebral parenchymal arterioles (PAs) could impair blood flow regulation and increase the risk of cerebrovascular diseases, including dementia and stroke. Hypertension alters the structure and function of large cerebral arteries, but its effects on PAs remain unknown. We hypothesized that hypertension increases myogenic tone and induces inward remodeling in PAs; we further proposed that antihypertensive therapy or mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade would reverse the effects of hypertension. P...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pires, P. W., Jackson, W. F., Dorrance, A. M. Tags: VASCULAR BIOLOGY AND MICROCIRCULATION Source Type: research

MELAS syndrome: Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and treatment options
Publication date: Available online 15 June 2015 Source:Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Author(s): Ayman W. El-Hattab , Adekunle M. Adesina , Jeremy Jones , Fernando Scaglia Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is one of the most frequent maternally inherited mitochondrial disorders. MELAS syndrome is a multi-organ disease with broad manifestations including stroke-like episodes, dementia, epilepsy, lactic acidemia, myopathy, recurrent headaches, hearing impairment, diabetes, and short stature. The most common mutation associated with MELAS syndrome is the m.3243A&a...
Source: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism - June 27, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Partial eNOS deficiency causes spontaneous thrombotic cerebral infarction, amyloid angiopathy and cognitive impairment
Conclusions: These data provide for the first time the evidence that partial eNOS deficiency results in spontaneous thrombotic cerebral infarctions that increase with age, leading to progressive CAA and cognitive impairments. We thus conclude that eNOS +/- mouse may represent an ideal model of ischemic stroke to address early and progressive damage in spontaneously-evolving chronic cerebral ischemia and thus, study vascular mechanisms contributing to vascular dementia and AD.
Source: Molecular Neurodegeneration - June 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Xing-Lin TanYue-Qiang XueTao MaXiaofang WangJing LiLubin LanKafait MalikMichael McDonaldAlejandro DopicoFrancesca-Fang Liao Source Type: research

Neurobehavioral and Imaging Correlates of Hippocampal Atrophy in a Mouse Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment
In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the UCCAO model of chronic hypoperfusion induces hippocampal atrophy and ventricular enlargement, resulting in neurocognitive deficits characteristic of VCI.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

PET imaging in ischemic cerebrovascular disease: current status and future directions
Abstract Cerebrovascular diseases are caused by interruption or significant impairment of the blood supply to the brain, which leads to a cascade of metabolic and molecular alterations resulting in functional disturbance and morphological damage. These pathophysiological changes can be assessed by positron emission tomography (PET), which permits the regional measurement of physiological parameters and imaging of the distribution of molecular markers. PET has broadened our understanding of the flow and metabolic thresholds critical for the maintenance of brain function and morphology: in this application, PET has...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - October 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Predictors of Recovery of Allocentric and Egocentric Neglect: The Role of Education (P7.288)
CONCLUSIONS: Recovery of both variants of neglect was positively influenced by higher education and lower initial severity of specific type of neglect, independently of volume of infarct, volume of hypoperfusion, age, and time post-onset of stroke.Study Supported by: R01NS047691Disclosure: Dr. Posner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Trupe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Davis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gomez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tippett has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hillis has received research support from Allon Pharmaceutical.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Posner, J., Trupe, L., Davis, C., Gomez, Y., Tippett, D., Hillis, A. Tags: Aging, Dementia, and Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Attention/Neglect Source Type: research