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Total 222 results found since Jan 2013.

Susceptibility‐weighted imaging: current status and future directions
Susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) is a method that uses the intrinsic nature of local magnetic fields to enhance image contrast in order to improve the visibility of various susceptibility sources and to facilitate diagnostic interpretation. It is also the precursor to the concept of the use of phase for quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). Nowadays, SWI has become a widely used clinical tool to image deoxyhemoglobin in veins, iron deposition in the brain, hemorrhages, microbleeds and calcification. In this article, we review the basics of SWI, including data acquisition, data reconstruction and post‐processi...
Source: NMR in Biomedicine - April 30, 2016 Category: Radiology Authors: Saifeng Liu, Sagar Buch, Yongsheng Chen, Hyun‐Seok Choi, Yongming Dai, Charbel Habib, Jiani Hu, Joon‐Yong Jung, Yu Luo, David Utriainen, Meiyun Wang, Dongmei Wu, Shuang Xia, E. Mark Haacke Tags: Special issue review article Source Type: research

Top 20 Research Studies of 2015 for Primary Care Physicians.
This article, the fifth installment in this annual series, summarizes the 20 POEMs based on original research studies judged to have the greatest clinical relevance for family physicians. Key recommendations include questioning the need for backup throat cultures; avoiding early imaging and not adding cyclobenzaprine or oxycodone to naproxen for patients with acute low back pain; and encouraging patients with chronic or recurrent low back pain to walk. Other studies showed that using a nicotine patch for more than eight weeks has little benefit; that exercise can prevent falls that cause injury in at-risk older women; and ...
Source: American Family Physician - April 30, 2016 Category: Primary Care Authors: Ebell MH, Grad R Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

Diseases Neglected by the Media in Espírito Santo, Brazil in 2011–2012
Conclusions Media visibility acts as a strategy for legitimising priorities and contextualizing various realities. Therefore, we propose that the health problems identified should enter the public agenda and begin to be recognized as legitimate demands.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 25, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Aline Guio Cavaca Source Type: research

Daily low-dose aspirin may help combat cancer
Conclusion The systematic review looked at 47 studies and attempted to combine the results, looking for evidence of a beneficial effect of low-dose aspirin on risk of death in people already diagnosed with cancer. The few RCTs identified – the best-quality evidence – did not provide conclusive evidence that aspirin improves survival rates. The rest of the studies were observational in nature, so cannot prove that aspirin reduces the risk of death from cancer. The only significant results were for a 24% reduction in risk of death from colon cancer, and a possible 11% reduced risk of death from prostate cancer. However,...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 22, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Medication Source Type: news

Periodontal disease and risk of all cancers among male never smokers: an updated analysis of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study
Conclusions Advanced periodontitis was associated with a 2.5-fold increase in smoking-related cancers among never smokers. Periodontitis may impact cancer risk through system immune dysregulation. Further studies need to examine the immune impact of advanced periodontitis on cancer, especially for cancers known to be caused by smoking.
Source: Annals of Oncology - April 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michaud, D. S., Kelsey, K. T., Papathanasiou, E., Genco, C. A., Giovannucci, E. Tags: epidemiology Source Type: research

2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
This report describes the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease, including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, costs of care, and the overall impact on caregivers and society. It also examines in detail the financial impact of Alzheimer's on families, including annual costs to families and the difficult decisions families must often make to pay those costs. An estimated 5.4 million Americans have Alzheimer's disease. By mid-century, the number of people living with Alzheimer's disease in the United States is projected to grow to 13.8 million, fueled in large part by the aging baby boom generation. Today, someo...
Source: Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association - April 18, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Pd50-03 cardiovascular events and prostate cancer diagnoses in men treated with testosterone replacement therapy
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently issued a caution that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) may increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. This was based primarily on studies that had short follow-up and limited duration of treatment. We sought to determine the association of the long-term use of TRT and rates of cardiovascular events, prostate cancer, and overall mortality.
Source: The Journal of Urology - March 28, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Christopher Wallis, Kirk Lo, Yuna Lee, Yonah Krakowsky, Alaina Garbens, Raj Satkunasivam, Sender Herschorn, Ronald Kodama, Patrick Cheung, Steven Narod, Robert Nam Tags: Sexual Function/Dysfunction: Medical, Hormonal & Non-surgical Therapy II Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Disease Among Survivors of Adult-Onset Cancer: A Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Epidemiology
Conclusion The magnitude of subsequent CVD risk varies according to cancer subtype and by the presence of CVRFs. Overall survival in survivors who develop CVD is poor, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies for individuals at highest risk of developing CVD.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - March 22, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Armenian, Xu, Ky, Sun, Farol, Pal, Douglas, Bhatia, Chao Tags: Population and observational studies (SEER, WHI observational, etc.) Epidemiology Source Type: research

Optimizing Acute Pain Management in the Obese Patient: Treatment and Monitoring Considerations
THE CHALLENGES OF PROVIDING SAFE AND EFFECTIVE pain management for patients with obesity are present throughout the perioperative setting. Obesity is associated with chronic medical comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes.1 Other obesity-associated comorbidities include breast, endometrial, ovarian, colorectal, esophageal, kidney, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, chronic back pain, and osteoarthritis.1 The demand for bariatric surgery has risen markedly in recent years with the total number of surgeries performed in the United St...
Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing - February 27, 2016 Category: Nursing Authors: Maureen F. Cooney Tags: Pain Care Source Type: research

Erectile Dysfunction in Individuals with Neurologic Disability: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study
Conclusion: The occurence of erectile dysfunction is significantly more prevalent among neurologically disabled men, particularly those with lesions below S2–S4, than among men without neurologic disability. Considering the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among neurologically disabled men, sexual functioning should be regularly evaluated during acute and long-term rehabilitation, and any existing sexual dysfunction should be addressed in the treatment plan. Introduction Penile erection is a neurovascular event characterized by the dilation of arteries that cause the corpora cavernosa and corpora spongiosum of the peni...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 22, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Neurology Neuromuscular Disease Original Research Neurogenic SD; Erectile Dysfunction; sexual health; Quality of life Source Type: research

Erectile Dysfunction in Individuals with Neurologic Disability: A Hospital-based, Cross-sectional Study
Conclusion: The occurence of erectile dysfunction is significantly more prevalent among neurologically disabled men, particularly those with lesions below S2–S4, than among men without neurologic disability. Considering the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among neurologically disabled men, sexual functioning should be regularly evaluated during acute and long-term rehabilitation, and any existing sexual dysfunction should be addressed in the treatment plan. Introduction Penile erection is a neurovascular event characterized by the dilation of arteries that cause the corpora cavernosa and corpora spongiosum of the peni...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Neurology Neuromuscular Disease Original Research Neurogenic SD; Erectile Dysfunction; sexual health; Quality of life Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Disease Among Survivors of Adult-Onset Cancer: A Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
CONCLUSION: The magnitude of subsequent CVD risk varies according to cancer subtype and by the presence of CVRFs. Overall survival in survivors who develop CVD is poor, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies for individuals at highest risk of developing CVD. PMID: 26834065 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Prostate Cancer - February 1, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Armenian SH, Xu L, Ky B, Sun C, Farol LT, Pal SK, Douglas PS, Bhatia S, Chao C Tags: J Clin Oncol Source Type: research

Ten‐year observational follow‐up of PROactive: a randomized cardiovascular outcomes trial evaluating pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes
ConclusionsThe trends of macrovascular benefits of pioglitazone compared with placebo during PROactive did not persist in the absence of continued pioglitazone during this 10‐year follow‐up. Trends of decreased bladder cancer and increased prostate cancer were observed in the pioglitazone group during follow‐up; however, these imbalances should be interpreted with caution because of the limitations of the observational study design.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - January 8, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: E. Erdmann, S. Harding, H. Lam, A. Perez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

No increased risk of coronary heart disease for patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in Chinese/Taiwanese men
This study included 1278 patients with prostate cancer in the study group and 1278 subjects without prostate cancer in the comparison group. Each patient was individually tracked for a 3‐year period to identify those who had subsequently received a diagnosis of CHD. The results showed that the incidence rate of CHD during the 3‐year follow‐up period was 4.69 (95% CI: 2.99–5.48) per 100 person‐years and 2.67 (95% CI: 2.15–3.27) per 100 person‐years for the study and comparison cohort, respectively. The Cox proportional hazard regression showed that the hazard ratio for CHD during the 3‐year follow‐up perio...
Source: Andrology - December 29, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: L. H. Wang, C. K. Liu, C. H. Chen, L. T. Kao, H. C. Lin, C. Y. Huang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

10‐Year Observational Follow‐Up of PROactive: a randomized cardiovascular outcomes trial evaluating pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes
ConclusionsThe trends of macrovascular benefits of pioglitazone compared with placebo during PROactive did not persist in the absence of continued pioglitazone during this 10‐year follow‐up. Trends of decreased bladder cancer and increased prostate cancer were observed in the pioglitazone group during follow‐up; however, these imbalances should be interpreted with caution due to limitations of the observational study design.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - November 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Erland Erdmann, Sarah Harding, Hung Lam, Alfonso Perez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research