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Contribution of nuclear medicine to the diagnosis and management of primary brain tumours
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2023 Mar 16:S0035-3787(23)00874-3. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.03.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPositron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful tool that can help physicians manage primary brain tumours at diagnosis and follow-up. In this context, PET imaging is used with three main types of radiotracers: 18F-FDG, amino acid radiotracers, and 68Ga conjugated to somatostatin receptor ligands (SSTRs). At initial diagnosis, 18F-FDG helps to characterize primary central nervous system (PCNS) lymphomas and high-grade gliomas, amino acid radiotracers are indicated for gliomas, and SSTR PET ligands are in...
Source: Revue Neurologique - March 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: T Horowitz E Tabouret T Graillon B Salgues O Chinot A Verger E Guedj Source Type: research

Intracranial long-term complications of radiation therapy: an image-based review
ConclusionsWe describe the clinical and imaging features of selected sequelae of intracranial radiation therapy, with a focus on those most relevant to practicing radiologists. Knowledge of these complications and their imaging findings is important, because radiologists play a key role in early detection of these entities.
Source: Neuroradiology - January 4, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Delayed radiation-induced stroke mimics recurrent tumor in and adolescent with remote history of low-grade brainstem glioma
A 13-year-old female was diagnosed with a ponto- medullary brainstem glioma and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, underwent focal photon intensity modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, the patient presented with acute onset left-sided hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast- enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion- weighted imaging most concerning for a high grade secondary malignancy (Figure 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John Ross Crawford Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Delayed Radiation-Induced Stroke Mimics Recurrent Tumor in an Adolescent With Remote History of Low-Grade Brainstem Glioma
This 13-year-old girl was diagnosed with a ponto-medullary brainstem glioma, and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, she underwent focal photon intensity-modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, she presented with acute left hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast-enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion-weighted imaging, most concerning for a high-grade secondary malignancy (Fig 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John R. Crawford Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Study unveils a blueprint for treating a deadly brain tumor
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In a study of mice and human brain tumors researchers at the University of the Michigan, Ann Arbor, searched for new treatments by exploring the reasons why some patients with gliomas live remarkably longer than others. The results suggested that certain patients' tumor cells are less aggressive and much better at repairing DNA than others but are difficult to kill with radiation. The researchers then showed that combining radiation therapy with cancer drugs designed to block DNA repair may be an effective treatment strategy.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

SMART syndrome: Classic transient symptoms leading to an unusual unfavorable outcome.
CONCLUSION: SMART syndrome may progress from a benign reversible form to a severe and eventually irreversible form. This severe course may also be confused with tumor progression, and lead to permanent disability and inadequate antitumor treatment. Clinicians should be aware of this latter atypical presentation. PMID: 27919464 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Revue Neurologique - December 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Rt-08 * proton therapy (pt) large-volume re-irradiation for recurrent glioma: overall survival (os) and toxicity outcomes
CONCLUSION: Large-volume PT re-irradiation for recurrent glioma is safe and associated with promising OS outcomes, particularly in the setting of bevacizumab-refractory tumors.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Desai, B., Rockne, R., Rademaker, A., Raizer, J., Paleologos, N., Merrell, R., Grimm, S., Azeem, S., Hartsell, W., Sweeney, P., Swanson, K., Gondi, V. Tags: RADIATION THERAPY (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research