Filtered By:
Specialty: Microbiology
This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 2.
Order by Relevance | Date
Total 170 results found since Jan 2013.
Heme oxygenase-1 modulates ferroptosis by fine-tuning levels of intracellular iron and reactive oxygen species of macrophages in response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infection
Macrophages are the host cells and the frontline defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, and the form of death of infected macrophages plays a pivotal role in the outcome of Mtb infections. Ferroptosis, a programmed necrotic cell death induced by overwhelming lipid peroxidation, was confirmed as one of the mechanisms of Mtb spread following infection and the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB). However, the mechanism underlying the macrophage ferroptosis induced by Mtb infection has not yet been fully understood. In the present study, transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (H...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - September 23, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
eIF5A is activated by virus infection or dsRNA and facilitates virus replication through modulation of interferon production
Active hypusine-modified initiation elongation factor 5A is critical for cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic development, and innate immune response of macrophages to bacterial infection. Here, we demonstrate that both virus infection and double-stranded RNA viral mimic stimulation induce the hypusination of eIF5A. Furthermore, we show that activation of eIF5A is essential for the replication of several RNA viruses including influenza A virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, chikungunya virus, mayaro virus, una virus, zika virus, and punta toro virus. Finally, our data reveal that inhibition of eIF5A hypusination...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - July 27, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Probiotic-Based Bacteriocin: Immunity Supplementation Against Viruses. An Updated Review
Viral infections are a major cause of severe, fatal diseases worldwide. Recently, these infections have increased due to demanding contextual circumstances, such as environmental changes, increased migration of people and product distribution, rapid demographic changes, and outbreaks of novel viruses, including the COVID-19 outbreak. Internal variables that influence viral immunity have received attention along with these external causes to avert such novel viral outbreaks. The gastrointestinal microbiome (GIM), particularly the present probiotics, plays a vital role in the host immune system by mediating host protective i...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - July 26, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Infection Activates the NOD1 Signaling Pathway to Modulate Inflammation
This study revealed that M. hyopneumoniae activates the NOD1-RIP2 pathway and is co-localized with host NOD1 during infection. siRNA knockdown of NOD1 significantly impaired the TRIF and MYD88 pathway and blocked the activation of TNF-α. In contrast, NOD1 overexpression significantly suppressed M. hyopneumoniae proliferation. Furthermore, we for the first time investigated the interaction between M. hyopneumoniae mhp390 and NOD1 receptor, and the results suggested that mhp390 and NOD1 are possibly involved in the recognition of M. hyopneumoniae. These findings may improve our understanding of the interaction between PRRs ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - July 8, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Seneca Valley Virus 3Cpro Cleaves Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein K to Facilitate Viral Replication
In this study, we observed that infection with SVV induced cleavage, degradation, and cytoplasmic redistribution of hnRNP K in cultured cells, which was dependent on the activity of viral 3Cpro protease. Also, the 3Cpro induced degradation of hnRNP K via the caspase pathway. Further studies demonstrated that SVV 3Cpro cleaved hnRNP K at residue Q364, and the expression of the cleavage fragment hnRNP K (aa.365–464) facilitates viral replication, which is similar to full-length hnRNP K, whereas hnRNP K (aa.1–364) inhibits viral replication. Additionally, hnRNP K interacts with the viral 5′ untranslated region (UTR), an...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - July 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Increased Interferon-Induced Protein With Tetracopeptides (IFITs) Reduces Mycobacterial Growth
ConclusionHigher expression levels of IFITs reduce in vitro survival of different drug-susceptible and drug-resistant mycobacteria and correlates with latent TB infection in infected individuals, hence emerging as an immuno-therapeutic target against M. tb.
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - July 5, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Proinflammatory Role of Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Since guanylate-binding protein 5 (GBP5) induces the NLRP3 inflammasome activity, we aim to investigate the potential role of GBP5 in IBD pathogenesis. The expression of GBP5, NLRP3 inflammasome, and related cytokines and chemokines was examined in two cohorts of IBD patients and healthy controls, by microarray transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time PCR. Cellular localization of GBP5 in colonic biopsies was examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy. For functional studies, GBP5 was in...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - June 2, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Recombinant expression a novel fibronectin-collage fusion peptide modulating stem cell stemness via integrin β3
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 May 20. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-11965-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTConstructing bionic extracellular matrix (ECM) is an attractive proposition for tissue engineering and clinical regeneration therapy involving the stemness of stem cells. Here, a novel recombinant protein fibronectin-collagen peptide (FCP) was designed to modulate the function of ECM expressed by Picha. pastoris strain X33. This FCP promotes cell migration and adhesion and maintains rBMSC stemness by binding integrin β3. Its effects were blocked by both integrin β3 siRNA and the integrin β3 inhibitor Cilengitide. A tem...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - May 19, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xin Luo Dezhi Geng Qirong Zhang Tao Ye Yifan Zhang Ziyi Li Yadong Huang Qi Xiang Source Type: research
Human Guanylate-Binding Protein 1 Positively Regulates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication in an Interferon Gamma Primed Environment
RNA virus infection triggers interferon (IFN) receptor signaling, leading to the activation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) belong to one such IFN inducible subfamily of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) that have been reported to exert broad anti-microbial activity and regulate host defenses against several intracellular pathogens. Here, we investigated the role of human GBP1 (hGBP1) in Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection of HeLa cells in both an IFNγ unprimed and primed environment. We observed enhanced expression of GBP1 both at transcript and protein level...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - May 19, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
E3 Ligase FBXW7 Facilitates Mycobacterium Immune Evasion by Modulating TNF- α Expression
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a crucial factor in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Pathogenic mycobacteria can inhibit and/or regulate host cell TNF-α production in a variety of ways to evade antituberculosis (anti-TB) immunity as well as facilitate immune escape. However, the mechanisms by which TNF-α expression in host cells is modulated to the benefit of mycobacteria is still an interesting topic and needs further study. Here, we report that macrophages infected with Mycobacterium marinum (Mm)—a close relative of Mtb—upregulated the expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7. Speci...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - May 16, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Junin Virus Activates p38 MAPK and HSP27 Upon Entry
Junín virus (JUNV), a New World arenavirus, is a rodent-borne virus and the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Humans become infected through exposure to rodent host secreta and excreta and the resulting infection can lead to an acute inflammatory disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Little is understood about the molecular pathogenesis of arenavirus hemorrhagic fever infections. We utilized Reverse Phase Protein Microarrays (RPPA) to compare global alterations in the host proteome following infection with an attenuated vaccine strain, Candid#1 (CD1), and the most parental virulent strain, XJ13, ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 7, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Cathelicidin Mediates an Anti-Inflammatory Role of Active Vitamin D (Calcitriol) During M. paratuberculosis Infection
This study examines the role of vitamin D deficiency in the regulation of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP) in CD-like macrophages. The latter includes macrophages infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) isolated from CD patient. Initially, we measured cathelicidin and calcitriol in ex vivo plasma samples from CD patients with or without MAP infection (N=40 per group). We also measured the expression and production of CAMP/LL-37, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, cellular oxidative stress markers, and bacterial viability following treatment of MAP-infected macrophages with four different forms of vitam...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 4, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Singapore Grouper Iridovirus Induces Glucose Metabolism in Infected Cells by Activation of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling
In this study, we found that the transcription levels of key enzymes involved in glycolysis were regulated in varying degrees during SGIV infection based on the transcriptomic analysis. Quantitative PCR and western blot analysis also indicated that the expression of both glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT2) and the enzymes of glucose metabolism (hexokinase 2, HK2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, PDHX) were upregulated during SGIV infection in vivo or in vitro, suggesting that glycolysis might be involved in SGIV infection. Exogenous glucose supplementation promoted the expression of viral genes and infectious virion p...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 30, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Streptococcus pneumoniae exerts oxidative stress, subverts antioxidant signaling and autophagy in human corneal epithelial cells that is alleviated by tert-Butylhydroquinone
AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae is one of the leading causes of bacterial keratitis in the developing world and globally. In the current study, we have determined oxidative stress as pathogenesis ofS. pneumoniae infection in corneal tissues and human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) and explored host immune response of HCEC towardsS. pneumoniae. We also determined whether treatment with tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a Nrf2 inducer, could alleviate oxidative stress and reduce bacterial cytotoxicity in these cells. Oxidative stress was determined in corneal tissues of patients and HCEC by immunohistochemistry and immunofluo...
Source: Medical Microbiology and Immunology - March 24, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
