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F2-isoprostanes affect macrophage migration and csf-1 signalling.
F2-ISOPROSTANES AFFECT MACROPHAGE MIGRATION AND CSF-1 SIGNALLING. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Aug 07;: Authors: Proudfoot JM, Murrey MW, McLean S, Greenland EL, Barden AE, Croft KD, Galano JM, Durand T, Mori TA, Pixley FJ Abstract F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) are formed in vivo via free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid. Enhanced oxidative stress is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis in humans and F2-IsoP have been detected in atherosclerotic plaque. Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is essential to macrophage survival, proliferation and differentiation and has been detected in human...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - August 7, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Proudfoot JM, Murrey MW, McLean S, Greenland EL, Barden AE, Croft KD, Galano JM, Durand T, Mori TA, Pixley FJ Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The 2-oxoglutarate carrier promotes liver cancer by sustaining mitochondrial GSH despite cholesterol loading
Publication date: April 2018 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 14 Author(s): Anna Baulies, Joan Montero, Nuria Matías, Naroa Insausti, Oihana Terrones, Gorka Basañez, Carmen Vallejo, Laura Conde de La Rosa, Laura Martinez, David Robles, Albert Morales, Joaquin Abian, Montserrat Carrascal, Keigo Machida, Dinesh B.U. Kumar, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Neil Kaplowitz, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, José C. Fernández-Checa Cancer cells exhibit mitochondrial cholesterol (mt-cholesterol) accumulation, which contributes to cell death resistance by antagonizing mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) permeabilization. Hepatocellular mt-cholesterol loadin...
Source: Redox Biology - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and arterial neointima formation associated with acid sphingomyelinase during hypercholesterolemia
Publication date: October 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 13 Author(s): Saisudha Koka, Min Xia, Yang Chen, Owais M. Bhat, Xinxu Yuan, Krishna M. Boini, Pin-Lan Li The NLRP3 inflammasome has been reported to be activated by atherogenic factors, whereby endothelial injury and consequent atherosclerotic lesions are triggered in the arterial wall. However, the mechanisms activating and regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes remain poorly understood. The present study tested whether acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and ceramide associated membrane raft (MR) signaling platforms contribute to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and ather...
Source: Redox Biology - June 19, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Molecular therapy set to protect at-risk patients against heart attack and stroke
(Charit é - Universit ä tsmedizin Berlin) Even a single dose of a specific ribonucleic acid molecule, known as a small interfering RNA (siRNA), offers patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease long-lasting protection against high LDL cholesterol -- one of the main risk factors for heart attack and stroke. This is the result of a clinical study that researchers from Charit é and Imperial College London have published as leading authors in the current edition of New England Journal of Medicine.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 30, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Loss-of-function screens of druggable targetome against cancer stem-like cells Research
In this study, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based screening of ~4800 druggable genes in 3-dimensional CSLC cultures in comparison to 2-dimensional bulk cultures of U87 glioma cells revealed 3 groups of genes essential for the following: survival of the CSLC population only, bulk-cultured population only, or both populations. While diverse biologic processes were associated with siRNAs reducing the bulk-cultured population, CSLC-eliminating siRNAs were enriched in a few functional categories, such as lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, and gene expression. Interestingly, siRNAs that selectively reduced CSLC only were fou...
Source: FASEB Journal - January 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Song, M., Lee, H., Nam, M.-H., Jeong, E., Kim, S., Hong, Y., Kim, N., Yim, H. Y., Yoo, Y.-J., Kim, J. S., Kim, J.-S., Cho, Y.-Y., Mills, G. B., Kim, W.-Y., Yoon, S. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Srb1 as a new redox target of cigarette smoke in human sebocytes.
In conclusion, exposure to CS, induced SRB1 post-translational modifications in sebocytes and this might affect sebocytes/skin functionality. PMID: 27865981 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 15, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Crivellari I, Sticozzi C, Belmonte G, Muresan XM, Cervellati F, Pecorelli A, Cavicchio C, Maioli E, Zouboulis CC, Benedusi M, Cervellati C, Valacchi G Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

TLR4 siRNA inhibits proliferation and invasion in colorectal cancer cells by downregulating ACAT1 expression
Publication date: Available online 10 May 2016 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Kai Ye, Yiyang Wu, Yafeng Sun, Jian'an Lin, Jianhua Xu Aims Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is involved in tumor development. Numerous studies have confirmed that TLR4 mediates processes in tumorigenesis, for example, inflammation, proliferation and invasion. However, the effects of TLR4 on colorectal cancer development have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of TLR4 on colorectal cancer development. Main methods The expression of TLR4 and Acyl coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (A...
Source: Life Sciences - May 10, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Tetramethylpyrazine prevents ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
Publication date: 15 November 2015 Source:Life Sciences, Volume 141 Author(s): Chunfeng Lu, Yuanyuan Jiang, Feng Zhang, Jiangjuan Shao, Li Wu, Xiafei Wu, Naqi Lian, Lianyun Chen, Huanhuan Jin, Qin Chen, Yin Lu, Shizhong Zheng Aims Inhibiting the major features of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) such as lipid accumulation and oxidative stress is a promising strategy of treating ALD. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has curative effects on various diseases. However, the effects of TMP on ethanol-induced hepatocyte injury and the related mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of TMP ...
Source: Life Sciences - October 4, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Adipose tissue regulates hepatic cholesterol metabolism via adiponectin
In this study, we examined the direct effects of adipocytes on hepatic cholesterol metabolic factors and investigated the role of potential adipocytokines in it. Main methods Male SD rats were induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and hepatic cholesterol metabolic factors, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) were measured by immunoblotting. Then the effects of adipocytes on the expressions of hepatic cholesterol metabolism proteins were examined in the co-culture system. Finally, the concentrations of several adipocytokines were detected by ELISA and the effect of ad...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research