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Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 20 results found since Jan 2013.

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 3432: Vitamin D Receptor Antagonist MeTC7 Inhibits PD-L1
In this study, using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and siRNA, we demonstrate that vitamin D/VDR regulates PD-L1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cells. We have examined whether a VDR antagonist, MeTC7, can inhibit PD-L1. To ensure that MeTC7 inhibits VDR/PD-L1 without off-target effects, we examined competitive inhibition of VDR by MeTC7, utilizing ligand-dependent dimerization of VDR-RXR, RXR-RXR, and VDR-coactivators in a mammalian 2-hybrid (M2H) assay. MeTC7 inhibits VDR selectively, suppresses PD-L1 expression sparing PD-L2, and inhibits the cell viability, clon...
Source: Cancers - June 30, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Negar Khazan Emily R. Quarato Niloy A. Singh Cameron W. A. Snyder Taylor Moore John P. Miller Masato Yasui Yuki Teramoto Takuro Goto Sabeeha Reshi Jennifer Hong Naixin Zhang Diya Pandey Priyanka Srivastava Alexandra Morell Hiroki Kawano Yuko Kawano Thomas Tags: Article Source Type: research

Vitamin D inhibits osteosarcoma by reprogramming nonsense-mediated RNA decay and SNAI2-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
In this study, we assessed the impact of vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) on NMD-ROS-EMT signaling in in vitro and in vivo osteosarcoma animal models. Initiation of VDR signaling facilitated the enrichment of EMT pathway genes, after which 1,25(OH)2D, the active vitamin D derivative, inhibited the EMT pathway in osteosarcoma subtypes. The ligand-bound VDR directly downregulated the EMT inducer SNAI2, differentiating highly metastatic from low metastatic subtypes and 1,25(OH)2D sensitivity. Moreover, epigenome-wide motif and putative target gene analysis revealed the VDR’s integration with NMD tumorigenic and immunogenic ...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 9, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

SMO-CRISPR-mediated apoptosis in CD133-targeted cancer stem cells and tumor growth inhibition
J Control Release. 2023 Mar 15:S0168-3659(23)00190-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCancer stem cells (CSCs) possess the ability to indefinitely proliferate and resist therapy, leading to cancer relapse and metastasis. To address this, we aimed to develop a CSC-inclusive therapy that targets both CSCs and non-CSC glioblastoma (GBM) cells. We accomplished this by using a smoothened (SMO) CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid to suppress the hedgehog pathway in CSCs, in combination with inhibiting the serine hydroxymethyl transferase 1 (SHMT1)-driven thymidylate biosynthesis pathway in non-CSC GBM cells usi...
Source: Cancer Control - March 17, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shambhavi Pandey Myungchul Lee Jaewoon Lim Sangbae Park Yun-Hoon Choung Jae Eun Kim Pankaj Garg Jong Hoon Chung Source Type: research

Vitamin C Prevents Hydrocortisone-Induced Injury in HMEC-1 through Promoting Bestrophin-3 Expression.
CONCLUSIONS: VC can efficiently attenuate HC-induced HMEC-1 cell injury, which may be related to promote Best-3 expression. PMID: 30672332 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Nutrition and Cancer - January 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang X, Zhang G, Zhu C, Lin L, Zhao Z, Yu X, Liu G, Zhang H, Li Q, Dong W, Wang J Tags: Nutr Cancer Source Type: research

The adaptive regulation of thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 facilitates malignant growth during supplemental thiamine conditions.
Authors: Jonus HC, Hanberry BS, Khatu S, Kim J, Luesch H, Dang LH, Bartlett MG, Zastre JA Abstract Supplemental levels of vitamin B1 (thiamine) have been implicated in tumor progression. Tumor cells adaptively up-regulate thiamine transport during hypoxic stress. Upon uptake, thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK1) facilitates the rapid phosphorylation of thiamine into thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). However, the regulation of TPK1 during hypoxic stress is undefined. Understanding how thiamine homeostasis changes during hypoxia will provide critical insight into the malignant advantage supplemental thiamine may provide c...
Source: Oncotarget - November 22, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Vitamin D and DDX4 regulate the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Chen Y, Sun Z, Xu J, Wang P, Tang J, Shi X, Liu J, Ren F, Xu L Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most commonly occurring types of cancer and one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality in women. Diagnosis of ovarian cancer at an early stage is difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms. In the present study, it is demonstrated that active vitamin D treatment prohibited the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and the expression level of a germ cell specific marker DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp)-box helicase 4 (DDX4), which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer, was downregulate...
Source: Oncology Letters - July 4, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Vitamin D Enhances the Efficacy of Irinotecan through miR-627-Mediated Inhibition of Intratumoral Drug Metabolism
Cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4 is an important drug-metabolizing enzyme, and high levels of tumoral expression of CYP3A4 are linked to drug resistance. We investigated the function of vitamin D–regulated miR-627 in intratumoral CYP3A4 suppression and its role in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy. We found that miR-627 targets CYP3A4 and suppresses CYP3A4 expression in colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) suppressed CYP3A4 expression by activating miR-627. As a result, calcitriol inhibited CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of irinotecan (a topoisomerase I inhibitor) in cancer ce...
Source: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics - August 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sun, M., Zhang, Q., Yang, X., Qian, S. Y., Guo, B. Tags: Small Molecule Therapeutics Source Type: research

Vitamin D Inhibits Intratumoral Drug Metabolism
Cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4 is an important drug-metabolizing enzyme, and high levels of tumoral expression of CYP3A4 are linked to drug resistance. We investigated the function of vitamin D–regulated miR-627 in intratumoral CYP3A4 suppression and its role in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy. We found that miR-627 targets CYP3A4 and suppresses CYP3A4 expression in colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) suppressed CYP3A4 expression by activating miR-627. As a result, calcitriol inhibited CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of irinotecan (a topoisomerase I inhibitor) in cancer ce...
Source: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics - August 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sun, M., Zhang, Q., Yang, X., Qian, S. Y., Guo, B. Tags: Small Molecule Therapeutics Source Type: research

The levels of HDAC1 and thioredoxin1 are related to the death of mesothelioma cells by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid.
In conclusion, SAHA selectively inhibited the growth of Phi and ROB mesothelioma cells, which showed the higher basal level of HDAC1. SAHA-induced Phi cell death was related to oxidative stress and Trx1 levels. PMID: 26936390 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - February 19, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: You BR, Park WH Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Diet-derived 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 activates vitamin D receptor target gene expression and suppresses EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: Verone-Boyle AR, Shoemaker S, Attwood K, Morrison CD, Makowski AJ, Battaglia S, Hershberger PA Abstract Epidemiologic studies implicate vitamin D status as a factor that influences growth of EGFR mutant lung cancers. However, laboratory based evidence of the biological effect of vitamin D in this disease is lacking. To fill this knowledge gap, we determined vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in human lung tumors using a tissue microarray constructed of lung cancer cases from never-smokers (where EGFR gene mutations are prevalent). Nuclear VDR was detected in 19/19 EGFR mutant tumors. Expression tended to ...
Source: Oncotarget - December 17, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Abstract 1919: Warfarin-dependent gamma-carboxylation regulates androgen receptor activity
The anti-coagulant warfarin prevents the gamma-carboxylation (gla) of target proteins by interfering with the vitamin K cycle through its inhibition of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR). Most known gla proteins are found in the blood clotting cascade, but we demonstrate using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry that the androgen receptor (AR) can also be gamma-carboxylated. This modification occurs at amino acid 2E and can be prevented by warfarin treatment. This residue has been found to be mutated in partial androgen insensitivity syndrome patients. Warfarin, likely through its ability to control carboxylation...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tew, B. Y., Hong, T., Pal, S. K., Kalkum, M., Jones, J. Tags: Prevention Research Source Type: research

Abstract 37: Role and regulation of CYP24A1 in endometrial cancer
The cytochrome P450 enzyme, 24-hydroxylase, encoded by CYP24A1 is critical for the catabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3 (calcitriol). The unbalanced high levels of CYP24A1 seem to be a determinant of calcitriol resistance in tumors. We have previously shown that progesterone enhances calcitriol antitumor activity by upregulating vitamin D receptor expression and promoting apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated CYP24A1 protein expression in normal and endometrial tumor tissues, assessed the effect of progesterone and calcitriol on CYP24A1 and its spliced variant expression in endometrial cancer cell ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bokhari, A. A., Lee, L. R., Dewayne, R., Hamilton, C. A., Maxwell, G. L., Rodriguez, G. C., Syed, V. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Fenretinide Inhibits Focal Adhesion Kinase
The membrane-associated protein, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), modulates cell–extracellular matrix interactions and also conveys prosurvival and proliferative signals. Notably, increased intraepithelial FAK levels accompany transformation of premalignant oral intraepithelial neoplasia (OIN) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OIN chemoprevention is a patient-centric, optimal strategy to prevent OSCC's comorbidities and mortality. The cancer chemopreventive and synthetic vitamin A derivative, fenretinide, has demonstrated protein-binding capacities, for example, mTOR- and retinol-binding protein interactions. These...
Source: Cancer Prevention Research - April 30, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Han, B. B., Li, S., Tong, M., Holpuch, A. S., Spinney, R., Wang, D., Border, M. B., Liu, Z., Sarode, S., Pei, P., Schwendeman, S. P., Mallery, S. R. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Identification of vitamin B1 metabolism as a tumor-specific radiosensitizing pathway using a high-throughput colony formation screen.
Authors: Tiwana GS, Prevo R, Buffa FM, Yu S, Ebner DV, Howarth A, Folkes LK, Budwal B, Chu KY, Durrant L, Muschel RJ, McKenna WG, Higgins GS Abstract Colony formation is the gold standard assay for determining reproductive cell death after radiation treatment, since effects on proliferation often do not reflect survival. We have developed a high-throughput radiosensitivity screening method based on clonogenicity and screened a siRNA library against kinases. Thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK1), a key component of Vitamin B1/thiamine metabolism, was identified as a target for radiosensitization. TPK1 knockdown caused...
Source: Oncotarget - March 22, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase by retinoic acid sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by sorafenib
In this study, we investigated the effects of combined treatment using sorafenib and retinoids including all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), NIK‐333, and Am80 on HCC cells. Cell viability assays in six HCC cell lines, HepG2, PLC/PRF/5, HuH6, HLE, HLF, and Hep3B, revealed that 5 and 10 μM ATRA, concentrations that do not exert cytotoxic effects, enhanced the cytotoxicity of sorafenib, being much more effective than NIK‐333 and Am80. We found that ATRA induced AMP‐activated protein kinase activation, which was followed by reduced intracellular ATP level. Gene expression analysis revealed that ATRA decreased the express...
Source: Cancer Science - March 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Naoki Ishijima, Keita Kanki, Hiroki Shimizu, Goshi Shiota Tags: Original Article Source Type: research