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Source: Biology of Reproduction

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Total 100 results found since Jan 2013.

Androgens regulate follicle stage-dependent pro- and anti-apoptosis in teleost ovaries through ZIP9 activation of different G proteins †.
This study demonstrates that ZIP9 mediates opposite survival responses of croaker G/T cells by activating different G proteins in a follicle stage-dependent manner. PMID: 31074766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 9, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Converse A, Thomas P Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Endo-siRNAs regulate early embryonic development by inhibiting transcription of long terminal repeat sequence in pig.
Abstract Activity of some endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) has been proven to be important for development of early mammalian embryo. However, abnormal activation of ERVs can also cause genetic diseases due to their ability to retrotranspose, so the regulatory mechanism to limit transcription of ERVs needs to be clarified. Endogenous small interfering RNA (endo-siRNA) has been reported to protect cells against transposable elements (TEs). Here, we determined the role of ERVs long terminal repeat sequences (LTRs) derived endo-siRNAs (LTR-siRNAs) on inhibition of the activity of ERVs during early embryonic development...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - March 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kong Q, Quan X, Du J, Tai Y, Liu W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Mu Y, Liu Z Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Endometriotic inflammatory microenvironment induced by macrophages can be targeted by niclosamide.
Abstract Endometriosis causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility. We have recently reported that niclosamide treatment reduces growth and progression of endometriosis-like lesions and inflammatory signaling (NFĸB and STAT3) in a mouse model. In the present study, we examined further inhibitory mechanisms by which niclosamide affects endometriotic lesions using an endometriotic epithelial cell line, 12Z, and macrophages differentiated from a monocytic THP-1 cell line. Niclosamide dose dependently reduced 12Z viability, reduced STAT3 and NFĸB activity, and increased both cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP....
Source: Biology of Reproduction - October 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sekulovski N, Whorton AE, Shi M, Ii JAM, Hayashi K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone augments antioxidant response in the human trophoblast and prevents apoptosis.
In this study, we first examined whether rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), protects the human trophoblast from oxidative injury by regulating key antioxidant proteins, catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2). In first trimester placental explants, localization of CAT was limited to cytotrophoblasts, whereas SOD1 was expressed in both the cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts. In first trimester placental explants, hypoxia decreased the expression of both SOD1 and SOD2, and increased apoptosis. Treatment with rosiglitazone dose-dependently upregulated anti...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kohan-Ghadr HR, Kilburn BA, Kadam L, Johnson E, Kolb BL, Rodriguez-Kovacs J, Hertz M, Armant DR, Drewlo S Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells †.
HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells†. Biol Reprod. 2018 Aug 18;: Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Abstract The chromatin associated transcription factor HMGA2 is a downstream target of let-7 miRNAs and binds to chromatin to regulate gene expression. Inhibition of let-7 miRNAs by RNA binding proteins LIN28A and LIN28B is necessary during early embryogenesis to ensure stable expression of HMGA2. In addition to LIN28, HMGA2 is regulated by a BRCA1/ZNF350/CtIP repressor complex. In normal tissues, the BRCA1/ZNF350/CtI...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Long noncoding RNAs exchange during zygotic genome activation in goat.
Abstract In mammals, their proper development during the early cleavage stages strongly relies on the gene products newly transcribed by zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been characterized as key regulators of the ZGA process in mice and human. However, the ZGA stage has not yet been identified and epigenetic regulations of the ZGA process remain largely unknown in goats. Here, we show that ZGA occurred at the 8-cell stage in goats. During ZGA, tri-methylation of H3K9 was dynamically changed but maintained strong staining in development arrested embryos. Using single-cell RNA seq...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Deng M, Wan Y, Liu Z, Ren C, Zhang G, Pang J, Zhang Y, Wang F Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Porcine Parvovirus infection impairs progesterone production in Luteal Cells through MAPKs, p53 and mitochondria-mediated Apoptosis.
Abstract Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a major virus leading to fetal death in swine. However, the effects of PPV infection on sows are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PPV on porcine steroidogenic luteal cells (SLCs) survival and functions and underlying mechanisms. In vivo experiment results showed artificial infection of PPV significantly reduced the concentration of serum progesterone and induced histopathological lesions and SLCs apoptosis in porcine corpora luteum. In vitro cultured primary porcine SLCs, PPV could infect and replicate in SLCs and induced SLCs apoptosis...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhang J, Luo X, Du Q, Chang L, Zhao X, Huang Y, Tong D Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CDKN1C (P57): one of the determinants of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization.
Abstract Decidualization is regulated by crosstalk of progesterone and the cAMP pathway. It involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression and includes a wide range of functions. To investigate how cell cycle regulatory genes drive the human endometrial stromal cell (ESC) exit cell cycle and enter differentiation, primary cultured ESC was treated with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA and cell cycle distribution was investigated by flow cytometry. High-throughput cell cycle regulatory gene expression was also studied by microarray. To validate the results of microarray chip, immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative method ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang L, Yang H, Hu L, Hu D, Ma S, Sun X, Jiang L, Song J, Ji L, Masau JF, Zhang H, Qian K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization Requires Transcriptional Reprogramming by PLZF.
Abstract Infertility and early embryo-miscarriage is linked to inadequate endometrial decidualization. Although transcriptional reprogramming is known to drive decidualization in response to progesterone, the key signaling effectors that directly mediate this hormone response are not fully known. This knowledge-gap is clinically significant because identifying the early signals that directly mediate progesterone-driven decidualization will address some of the current limitations in diagnosing and therapeutically treating patients at most risk for early pregnancy loss. We recently revealed that the promyelocytic le...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - November 25, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Szwarc MM, Hai L, Gibbons WE, Peavey MC, White LD, Mo Q, Lonard DM, Kommagani R, Lanz RB, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 regulates human endometrial stromal cell decidualization, proliferation and migration in part through mitogen-activated protein kinase 7.
Abstract The differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, termed decidualization, is an integral step in the establishment of pregnancy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1), is activated downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) during decidualization. Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to siRNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, IGFBP1 and PRL, and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. Analysis of the WNK1-depende...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Adams NR, Vasquez YM, Mo Q, Gibbons W, Kovanci E, DeMayo FJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Iron suppresses ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle through regulating p38 MAPK/p53/p21 pathway.
Abstract Iron is an essential nutrient that may exert toxic effects when it accumulates in tissues. Little is known regarding its effects on gonadal function. Both Fe2+ and Fe3+ could be released from iron deposition. We employed mouse non-luteinized granulosa cell for in vitro studies and human ovarian tissues for Prussian blue and immunohistochemical staining to identify the iron deposition and effect in vivo. After treatment with FeSO4-7H2O or FeCl3 in granulosa cell cultured with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) for 48 hours, we found that Fe2+ significantly suppressed FSH-induced granulosa cell proliferatio...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 28, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen MJ, Chou CH, Shun CT, Mao TL, Wen WF, Chen CD, Chen SU, Yang YS, Ho HN Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

A Novel Role for SIRT3 in Regulating Mediators Involved in the Terminal Pathways of Human Labor and Delivery.
In this study, we determined the effect of term labor and pro-inflammatory cytokines on SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 expression in human myometrium. Functional studies were also employed to investigate the effect of siRNA knockdown of SIRTs in regulating inflammation-induced pro-labor mediators. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were used to determine SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 mRNA and protein expression in human myometrium. siRNA knockdown of SIRT3 in myometrial primary cells determined its role in response to inflammatory stimuli IL1B and TNF. SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in term labori...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 13, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Barker G, Menon R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

High Estradiol Concentrations Induce Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression and Suppress Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation in Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells.
In conclusion, high E2 concentrations enhance HSF-1 and Hsp70 expression in EECs. The induced Hsp70 forms a complex with IKK-gamma and inhibits pI kappa B-alpha, which consequently suppresses NF-kappa B activation. PMID: 27605343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 6, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen CD, Chen SU, Chou CH, Chen MJ, Wen WF, Wu SY, Yang YS, Yang JH Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CHD1 Regulates Deposition of Histone Variant H3.3 During Bovine Early Embryonic Development.
The objective of this study was to characterize CHD1 expression and elucidate its functional role in preimplantation development using the bovine model. CHD1 mRNA was elevated after meiotic maturation and remains increased through 16-cell stage followed by a sharp decrease at morula to blastocyst stage. Similarly, immunoblot analysis indicated CHD1 protein level is increased after maturation, maintained at high level after fertilization and declined sharply afterwards. CHD1 mRNA level was partially decreased in response to α-amanitin (RNA polymerase II inhibitor) treatment, suggesting CHD1 mRNA in 8-cell embryos is of bot...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 10, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang K, Rajput SK, Wang S, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

MicroRNA-183~96~182 Cluster Regulate Bovine Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Transition by Coordinately Targeting FOXO1.
Abstract Large-scale expression profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bovine granulosa cells from dominant and subordinate follicles on Day 19 of the estrous cycle revealed enriched microRNA-183~96~182 (miR-183~96~182) cluster miRNAs in preovulatory dominant follicles that coordinately regulate the forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) gene. However, little is known about the role of this cluster in bovine granulosa cell function. We employed an in vitro granulosa cell culture model to investigate this role. Granulosa cells aspirated from small growing follicles (3-5 mm in diameter) were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supple...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - April 26, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Hoelker M, Rings F, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Schellander K, Tesfaye D Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research