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Source: Biology of Reproduction

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Total 100 results found since Jan 2013.

A Novel Role for SIRT3 in Regulating Mediators Involved in the Terminal Pathways of Human Labor and Delivery.
In this study, we determined the effect of term labor and pro-inflammatory cytokines on SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 expression in human myometrium. Functional studies were also employed to investigate the effect of siRNA knockdown of SIRTs in regulating inflammation-induced pro-labor mediators. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were used to determine SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 mRNA and protein expression in human myometrium. siRNA knockdown of SIRT3 in myometrial primary cells determined its role in response to inflammatory stimuli IL1B and TNF. SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in term labori...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 13, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Barker G, Menon R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Spatiotemporal expression of aquaporin 9 is critical for the antral growth of mouse ovarian follicles ††.
Spatiotemporal expression of aquaporin 9 is critical for the antral growth of mouse ovarian follicles††. Biol Reprod. 2020 Jun 24;: Authors: Lee SE, Kang HK, Ryou C, Cheon YP Abstract Although a few aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in granulosa cells have been postulated to mediate fluid passage into the antrum, the specific expression of AQPs in different follicle cell types and stages and their roles have not been evaluated extensively. The spatiotemporal expression of aquaporin (Aqp) 7, 8, and 9 and the functional roles of Aqp9 in antral growth and ovulation were examined using a superovulation mode...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - June 23, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lee SE, Kang HK, Ryou C, Cheon YP Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

ORP9 Knockdown Delays the Maturation of Junction Related Endocytic Structures in the Testis and Leads to Impaired Sperm Release †.
ORP9 Knockdown Delays the Maturation of Junction Related Endocytic Structures in the Testis and Leads to Impaired Sperm Release†. Biol Reprod. 2020 Sep 09;: Authors: Adams A, Vogl W Abstract The release of late spermatids from the seminiferous epithelium requires the internalization of intercellular junctions by Sertoli cell specific structures called 'tubulobulbar complexes' (TBCs). These large, endocytic devices likely evolved from classic clathrin-mediated endocytosis machinery (CME), but have several important morphological differences to CME vesicles. Most notable among these differences is tha...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 8, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Adams A, Vogl W Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Leptin-Promoted Human Extravillous Trophoblasts Invasion Is MMP14 Dependent and Requires the Crosstalk Between Notch1 and PI3K/Akt Signaling.
Abstract The over-expression of leptin is a crucial feature for the maintenance of pregnancy. The effects of leptin on trophoblasts invasion are important to its reproductive function, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. MMP14 is a member of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family that is closely involved in the invasion process. Here, we characterized the importance of MMP14 in the pro-invasion effect of leptin on EVT cells and elucidated its molecular mechanisms. Transwell assay revealed that leptin promoted invasion of the immortalized EVT cell line HTR-8/SVneo in a dose- and time-related fash...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - February 26, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang H, Cheng H, Shao Q, Dong Z, Xie Q, Zhao L, Wang Q, Kong B, Qu X Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Expression of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-2 Within the Immature Rat Ovary and Its Role in Regulating Mitosis and Apoptosis of Spontaneously Immortalized Granulosa Cells.
Abstract Progesterone receptor membrane component 2 (Pgrmc2) mRNA was detected in the immature rat ovary. By 48 h after eCG, Pgrmc2 mRNA levels decreased by 40% and were maintained at 48 h post hCG. Immunohistochemical studies detected PGRMC2 in oocytes and ovarian surface epithelial, interstitial, thecal, granulosa and luteal cells. PGRMC2 was also present in spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells (SIGCs), localizing to the cytoplasm of interphase cells and apparently to the mitotic spindle of cells in metaphase. Interestingly, PGRMC2 levels appeared to decrease during the G1 stage of the cell cycle. Moreover...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 2, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Griffin D, Liu X, Pru C, Pru JK, Peluso JJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 (PGRMC1) and PGRMC-2 Interact to Suppress Entry into the Cell Cycle in Spontaneously Immortalized Rat Granulosa Cells.
Abstract Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) and PGRMC2 are expressed in rat granulosa cells and spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells (SIGCs) but their biological roles are not well defined. The present studies demonstrate that depleting either Pgrmc1 or Pgrmc2 in SIGCs increases entry into the cell cycle but does not increase cell proliferation. Rather PGRMC1 and/or PGRMC2-deplete cells accumulate in metaphase and undergo apoptosis. Since both PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 localize to the mitotic spindle, their absence likely accounts for cells arresting in metaphase. Moreover, pull-down assays, co-loca...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 24, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Peluso JJ, Griffin D, Liu X, Horne M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CHD1 Regulates Deposition of Histone Variant H3.3 During Bovine Early Embryonic Development.
The objective of this study was to characterize CHD1 expression and elucidate its functional role in preimplantation development using the bovine model. CHD1 mRNA was elevated after meiotic maturation and remains increased through 16-cell stage followed by a sharp decrease at morula to blastocyst stage. Similarly, immunoblot analysis indicated CHD1 protein level is increased after maturation, maintained at high level after fertilization and declined sharply afterwards. CHD1 mRNA level was partially decreased in response to α-amanitin (RNA polymerase II inhibitor) treatment, suggesting CHD1 mRNA in 8-cell embryos is of bot...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 10, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang K, Rajput SK, Wang S, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 regulates human endometrial stromal cell decidualization, proliferation and migration in part through mitogen-activated protein kinase 7.
Abstract The differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, termed decidualization, is an integral step in the establishment of pregnancy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1), is activated downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) during decidualization. Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to siRNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, IGFBP1 and PRL, and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. Analysis of the WNK1-depende...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Adams NR, Vasquez YM, Mo Q, Gibbons W, Kovanci E, DeMayo FJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CDKN1C (P57): one of the determinants of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization.
Abstract Decidualization is regulated by crosstalk of progesterone and the cAMP pathway. It involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression and includes a wide range of functions. To investigate how cell cycle regulatory genes drive the human endometrial stromal cell (ESC) exit cell cycle and enter differentiation, primary cultured ESC was treated with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA and cell cycle distribution was investigated by flow cytometry. High-throughput cell cycle regulatory gene expression was also studied by microarray. To validate the results of microarray chip, immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative method ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang L, Yang H, Hu L, Hu D, Ma S, Sun X, Jiang L, Song J, Ji L, Masau JF, Zhang H, Qian K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Endo-siRNAs regulate early embryonic development by inhibiting transcription of long terminal repeat sequence in pig.
Abstract Activity of some endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) has been proven to be important for development of early mammalian embryo. However, abnormal activation of ERVs can also cause genetic diseases due to their ability to retrotranspose, so the regulatory mechanism to limit transcription of ERVs needs to be clarified. Endogenous small interfering RNA (endo-siRNA) has been reported to protect cells against transposable elements (TEs). Here, we determined the role of ERVs long terminal repeat sequences (LTRs) derived endo-siRNAs (LTR-siRNAs) on inhibition of the activity of ERVs during early embryonic development...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - March 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kong Q, Quan X, Du J, Tai Y, Liu W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Mu Y, Liu Z Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Cortactin knockdown results in disruption of basal TBCs and alters turnover of Sertoli cell ESs in R. norvegicus
Biol Reprod. 2021 Aug 23:ioab161. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioab161. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHere we explore the prediction that long-term knockdown of cortactin (CTTN), a component of tubulobulbar complexes (TBCs), disrupts TBCs in Sertoli cells and alters the turnover of basal ectoplasmic specializations (ESs). In rats, intratesticular injections of siRNA targeting CTTN (siCTTN) in one testis and non-targeting siRNA (siControl) in the contralateral testis were done on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8. The experiment was terminated on day 9 and testes were analyzed by either Western Blotting, or by stimulated emission depletion (ST...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 24, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Prunveer Palia Arlo Adams Aarati Sriram A Wayne Vogl Source Type: research

Myostatin increases human trophoblast cell invasion by upregulating N-cadherin via SMAD2/3-SMAD4 Signaling
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that myostatin increases trophoblast cell invasion by upregulating N-cadherin via SMAD2/3-SMAD4 signaling. Primary and immortalized (HTR8/SVneo) trophoblast cells were used as study models. Matrigel-coated transwell invasion assays were used to study the effects of recombinant human myostatin on trophoblast cell invasion. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to measure myostatin effects on N-cadherin mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Small inhibitor molecules as well as siRNA-mediated knockdown were used to block myostatin receptor and downstream signaling, respectively. Data were...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 12, 2022 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Faten AbdelHafez Ahmed Christian Klausen Hua Zhu Peter C K Leung Source Type: research