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Condition: Schizophrenia

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Total 24 results found since Jan 2013.

Adenylyl cyclase-5 in the dorsal striatum function as a molecular switch for the generation of behavioral preferences for cue-directed food choices
Conclusions: Our results show that the gain and loss of behavioral preferences for a specific cue-directed option were regulated by specific cellular factors in the dorsal striatum, such that the preferred food choices were switched on when either the mGluR3-AC5 pathway was inactive or the mGluR1 pathway was active, whereas the preferred food-choices were switched off when mGluR1 or its downstream pathway was suppressed. These results identify the AC5 and mGluR system in the dorsal striatum as molecular on/off switches to direct decisions on behavioral preferences for cue-oriented options.
Source: Molecular Brain - November 7, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hannah KimTae-Kyung KimJi-Eun KimJin-Young ParkYunjin LeeMinkyung KangKyoung-Shim KimPyung-Lim Han Source Type: research

Clozapine Induces Autophagic Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Conclusions: Clozapine inhibits cell proliferation by inducing autophagic cell death in two non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. These findings may provide insights into the relationship between clozapine use and the lower incidence of lung cancer among patients with schizophrenia.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;35:945-956
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - February 5, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Abstract 4360: Validation of phosphodiesterase 10A as a cancer target
Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is a cAMP and cGMP degrading PDE isozyme that is highly expressed in the brain striatum where it plays an important role in cognition and psychomotor activity. PDE10 inhibitors are being developed for the treatment of schizophrenia and Huntington's disease and are generally well tolerated, likely because of low expression levels in peripheral tissues. We recently reported high levels of PDE10 in tumors and that genetic silencing by siRNA inhibits tumor cell growth with a high degree of selectivity over normal cells (Li et al., Oncogene 2014). These observations suggest that PDE10 may have an u...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, K., Li, N., Chen, X., Zhu, B., Yet, L., Madeira da Silva, L., Russo, S., Keeton, A. B., Boyd, M. R., Piazza, G. A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

RGS2 modulates the activity and internalization of dopamine D2 receptors in neuroblastoma N2A cells.
Abstract Dysregulated expression and function of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) are implicated in drug addiction, Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. In the current study, we examined whether D2Rs are modulated by regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2), a member of the RGS family that regulates G protein signaling via acceleration of GTPase activity. Using neuroblastoma 2a (N2A) cells, we found that RGS2 was immunoprecipitated by aluminum fluoride-activated Gαi2 proteins. RGS2 siRNA knockdown enhanced membrane [(35)S] GTPγS binding to activated Gαi/o proteins, augmented inhibition of cAMP accumulation and i...
Source: Neuropharmacology - August 11, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Luessen DJ, Hinshaw TP, Sun H, Howlett AC, Marrs G, McCool BA, Chen R Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Regulatory Role of lncRNA NONHSAT089447 in the Dopamine Signaling Pathway in Schizophrenic Patients.
CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that the lncRNA NONHSAT089447 participated in the dopamine signaling pathway via upregulation of DRDs. PMID: 31180069 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - June 11, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Mechanism of dopamine D2 receptor-induced Ca(2+) release in PC-12 cells.
Abstract Intracellular Ca(2+) levels are tightly regulated in the neuronal system. The loss of Ca(2+) homeostasis is associated with many neurological diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and schizophrenia. We investigated the mechanisms involved in intracellular Ca(2+) signaling in PC-12 cells. The stimulation of NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells with 3μM ATP caused an early Ca(2+) release followed by a delayed Ca(2+) release. The delayed Ca(2+) release was dependent on prior ATP priming and on dopamine secretion by PC-12 cells. Delayed Ca(2+) release was abolished in the presen...
Source: Cellular Signalling - September 18, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Frégeau MO, Carrier M, Guillemette G Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Alterations Of Prefrontal Cortex Gabaergic Transmission In The Complex Psychotic-Like Phenotype Induced By Adolescent Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure In Rats.
Abstract Although several findings indicate an association between adolescent cannabis abuse and the risk to develop schizophrenia later in life, the evidence for a causal relationship is still inconclusive. In the present study, we investigated the emergence of psychotic-like behaviour in adult female rats chronically exposed to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) during adolescence. To this aim, female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with THC during adolescence (PND 35-45) and, in adulthood (PND 75), a series of behavioral tests and biochemical assays were performed in order to investigate the long-term effects ...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - November 4, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Zamberletti E, Beggiato S, Steardo L, Prini P, Antonelli T, Ferraro L, Rubino T, Parolaro D Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

The SHP-1 expression is associated with cytokines and psychopathological status in unmedicated first episode Schizophrenia patients.
Conclusions: Our findings are the first to suggest that impairment of SHP-1 expression is involved in the physiopathology of schizophrenia, opening fruitful new avenues for ameliorating treatment at least of negative symptoms. PMID: 24793756 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - April 30, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Pesce M, Ferrone A, Rizzuto A, Tatangelo R, Iezzi I, Ladu S, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Patruno A, Felaco M, Grilli A Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

TrkB interacts with ErbB4 and regulates NRG1-induced NR2B phosphorylation in cortical neurons before synaptogenesis
Conclusions: BDNF/TrkB signaling plays an important role in the NRG1-stimulated NR2B regulation. These findings could be of relevance to many neurodevelopmental disorders, as NRG1 and BDNF signaling pathways have been implicated in autism and schizophrenia.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - July 24, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Chirayu C PandyaAnilkumar PILLAI Source Type: research

Abstract 1762: Phosphodiesterase 10, a novel target for colorectal cancer therapeutics
Phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE10) is a newly characterized PDE isozyme that is expressed in regions of the brain affecting cognition and psychomotor activity. Inhibitors are currently being developed for the treatment of schizophrenia and Huntington's disease, one of which, Pf-2545920 (MP-10), is in clinical trials. Although PDE10 is not expressed in most peripheral tissues, we recently found high levels in colon tumor cells compared with normal colonocytes and that genetic silencing by siRNA selectively suppressed colon tumor cell growth. These observations suggest that PDE10 may represent a novel anticancer target. Pf-2545920...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, K. J., Li, N., Chen, X., Zhu, B., Yet, L., Piazza, G. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Gadd45b is an epigenetic regulator of juvenile social behavior and alters local pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the rodent amygdala
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2015 Source:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Author(s): Stacey L. Kigar , Liza Chang , Anthony P. Auger Precise regulation of the epigenome during perinatal development is critical to the formation of species-typical behavior later in life. Recent data suggests that Gadd45b facilitates active DNA demethylation by recruiting proteins involved in base excision repair (BER), which will catalyze substitution of 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC) for an unmodified cytosine. While a role for Gadd45b has been implicated in both hippocampal and amygdalar learning tasks, to the best of our knowled...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - March 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Gadd45b is an epigenetic regulator of juvenile social behavior and alters local pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the rodent amygdala.
Abstract Precise regulation of the epigenome during perinatal development is critical to the formation of species-typical behavior later in life. Recent data suggests that Gadd45b facilitates active DNA demethylation by recruiting proteins involved in base excision repair (BER), which will catalyze substitution of 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC) for an unmodified cytosine. While a role for Gadd45b has been implicated in both hippocampal and amygdalar learning tasks, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been done investigating the involvement of Gadd45b in neurodevelopmental programming of social behavior. To address...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - February 26, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kigar SL, Chang L, Auger AP Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

GSE62085 The Pitt-Hopkins syndrome/schizophrenia susceptibility gene TCF4 regulates human neural progenitor cell proliferation
Contributors : Matthew J Hill ; Katherinne Navarrete ; Aleksandra Maruszak ; Gemma M McLaughlin ; Richard Killick ; James Docker ; Ricardo Sainz Fuertes ; Brenda P Williams ; Nicholas J BraySeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Homo sapiensTranscription factor 4 (TCF4, also known as E2-2, SEF2, ITF2 and bHLHb19) is an E-protein basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is highly expressed in foetal as well as adult human brain. Common variants in the TCF4 gene show genome-wide significant association with schizophrenia and the eye disease Fuchs corneal dystrophy, while rare TCF4 deletions and loss-of...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 1, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

Neuregulin 1 Regulates EAAC1 Cell Biology
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a trophic factor that is thought to have important roles in the regulating brain circuitry. Recent studies suggest that NRG1 regulates synaptic transmission, although the precise mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that NRG1 influences glutamate uptake by increasing the protein level of excitatory amino acid carrier (EAAC1). Our data indicate that NRG1 induced the up-regulation of EAAC1 in primary cortical neurons with an increase in glutamate uptake. These in vitro results were corroborated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice given NRG1. The stimulatory effect of NRG1 was blocked by inhibit...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 14, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yu, H.-N., Park, W.-K., Nam, K.-H., Song, D.-Y., Kim, H.-S., Baik, T.-K., Woo, R.-S. Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research