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Condition: Anxiety

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Total 25 results found since Jan 2013.

Phoenixin: uncovering its receptor, signaling and functions.
Abstract Phoenixin (PNX) is a newly discovered peptide that has been linked to reproductive function, both in the hypothalamus and pituitary. This review will focus on the most recent discoveries related to this novel neuropeptide. Initially, it was found that PNX increased gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release from pituitary cells. Importantly, knockdown of PNX in female rats extended the estrous cycle by 2.3 days. Using novel hypothalamic cell lines, we found that PNX has a stimulatory role on kisspeptin (Kiss) and GnRH gene expression and secretion. The PNX receptor w...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - April 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: McIlwraith EK, Belsham DD Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 2 reverses gp91phox oxidase-mediated depression- and anxiety-like behavior.
Abstract Phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) plays an important role in treatment of stress-related depression through regulation of antioxidant defense and neuroprotective mechanisms. However, the causal relationship between PDE2 and the prevalence of depression and anxiety upon exposure to oxidative stress has not been investigated. The present study examined whether the effects of PDE2 inhibition on oxidative stress were directly involved in reduced ROS by regulating NADPH subunits gp91phox oxidase. The results suggested that the PDE2 inhibitor Bay 60-7550 reversed oxidative stress-induced behavioral signature, i.e. dep...
Source: Neuropharmacology - September 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Huang X, Xiaokaiti Y, Yang J, Pan J, Li Z, Luria V, Li Y, Song G, Zhu X, Zhang HT, O'Donnell JM, Xu Y Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Ghrelin exhibited antidepressant and anxiolytic effect via the p38-MAPK signaling pathway in hippocampus
Publication date: Available online 8 March 2019Source: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryAuthor(s): Qiu-Qin Han, Hui-Jie Huang, Ya-Lin Wang, Liu Yang, Adam Pilot, Xiao-Cang Zhu, Rui Yu, Jing Wang, Xiao-Rong Chen, Qiong Liu, Bing Li, Gen-Cheng Wu, Jin YuAbstractGhrelin, a peptide derived from stomach, is an endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). So far, the exact role of ghrelin in depression and anxiety is still being debated. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) is known to be activated in response to various stress stimuli. Thus, we hypothesize that g...
Source: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry - March 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Why Do Birds Flock? A Role for Opioids in the Reinforcement of Gregarious Social Interactions
Conclusion We propose that studies of songbirds reveal a novel network model for the integration of positive and negative reinforcement processes in non-sexual affiliative social behavior. Most studies on affiliative behavior focus on the positive affective state induced by social contact that rewards individuals interacting together. However, this review highlights that in social animals, affiliative contact is also reinforced because it reduces a negative affective state caused by social exclusion or isolation, thus creating a complementary system (i.e., positive reinforcement from affiliative interactions and negative ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of resveratrol: Involvement of phosphodiesterase-4D inhibition.
Abstract Resveratrol is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol found in red wine, which has numerous pharmacological properties including anti-stress and antidepressant-like abilities. However, whether the antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of resveratrol are related to the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) and its subtypes remains unknown. The same holds true for the subsequent cAMP-dependent pathway. The first set of studies investigated whether resveratrol exhibited neuroprotective effects against corticosterone-induced cell lesion as well as its underlying mechanism. We found that 100 μM cortico...
Source: Neuropharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhu X, Li W, Li Y, Xu W, Yuan Y, Zheng V, Zhang HT, O'Donnell JM, Xu Y, Yin X Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

The protective effects of phoenixin-14 against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and inflammasome activation in astrocytes
ConclusionThese findings suggest that PNX-14 may have potential in the treatment of neuroinflammation.
Source: Inflammation Research - May 19, 2020 Category: Research Source Type: research

Ellagic acid protects mice against sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment and anxiety by inhibiting TLR4 and activating Nrf2.
Abstract Sleep disorder has become a prevalent issue in current society and is connected with the deterioration of neurobehaviors such as mood, cognition and memory. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic phytoconstituent extracted from grains and fruits that has potent neuroprotective properties. This research aimed to study the alleviative effect and mechanism of EA on memory impairment and anxiety caused by sleep deprivation (SD). EA ameliorated behavioral abnormalities in SD mice, associated with increased dendritic spine density, and reduced shrinkage and loss of hippocampal neurons. EA reduced the inflammatory resp...
Source: Aging - May 19, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang W, Yang L, Liu T, Wang J, Wen A, Ding Y Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Predisposition of Neonatal Maternal Separation to Visceral Hypersensitivity via Downregulation of Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Subtype 2 (SK2) in Mice.
Conclusions: ELS-induced visceral pain and visceral hypersensitivity are associated with the underfunction of SK2 channels in the spinal DH. PMID: 33029124 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neural Plasticity - October 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wu K, Gao JH, Hua R, Peng XH, Wang H, Zhang YM Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Irisin attenuates ethanol-induced behavioral deficits in mice through activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF- κB pathways
This study aims to investigate the effect of irisin on ethanol-induced behavioral deficits and explore the underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of ethanol addiction/withdrawal was constructed through chronic ethanol administration. Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated by the tail suspension test and forced swimming test, and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated by the marble-burying test and elevated plus maze test. The expression of Nrf2 was measured by western blotting. Levels of inflammatory mediators (NF- κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and oxidative stress factors (ROS, MDA, GSH and SOD) were detected by ELISA. The...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - March 22, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research