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Condition: Obesity

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Obesity and Viral Infections
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) triggered a rapidly expanding global pandemic. The presence of obesity in patients with COVID-19 has been established as a risk factor for disease severity, hospital admission, and mortality. Thus, it is imperative those living with obesity be vaccinated against COVID-19. Although there is a timeframe COVID-19 vaccines are efficacious in those living with obesity, more studies need to be conducted to ensure that those long-lasting protection is maintained, as obesity has implications on the immune system.
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 16, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Priya Jaisinghani, Rekha Kumar Source Type: research

Risk of thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 who are using hormonal contraception
CONCLUSIONS: There are no comparative studies assessing risk of thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients who use hormonal contraception, which was the primary objective of this review. Very little evidence exists examining the risk of increased COVID-19 disease severity for combined hormonal contraception users compared to non-users of hormonal contraception, and the evidence that does exist is of very low certainty. The odds of hospitalization for COVID-19 positive users of combined hormonal contraceptives may be slightly decreased compared with those of hormonal contraceptive non-users, but the evidence is very uncertain as ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Shaalini Ramanadhan Katie Hansen Jillian T Henderson Megan A Cohen Robin Paynter Alison Edelman Source Type: research

The impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation: challenges and perspectives
Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2023 May 10;16:17562848231171452. doi: 10.1177/17562848231171452. eCollection 2023.ABSTRACTThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presented unique challenges to patients with decompensated cirrhosis awaiting transplant, with respect to accessing medical facilities for routine clinic visits, imaging, laboratory workup, or endoscopies. There was a delay in organ procurement that led to a decrease in the number of liver transplants (LTs) and an increase in the morality of waitlisted patients at the beginning of the pandemic. LT numbers later equalized to pre-pandemic numbers due to combined...
Source: Adv Data - May 14, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ifrah Fatima Nikki Duong Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 5799: Retrospective Analysis of the Outcome of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Coexisting Metabolic Syndrome and HIV Using Multinomial Logistic Regression
ua Modjadji Globally, the coexistence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and HIV has become an important public health problem, putting coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients at risk for severe manifestations and higher mortality. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted to identify factors and determine their relationships with hospitalization outcomes for COVID-19 patients using secondary data from the Department of Health in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study included 15,151 patient clinical records of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. Data on MetS was extracted in the form of a cl...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - May 12, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Peter M. Mphekgwana Musa E. Sono-Setati Tania V. Mokgophi Yehenew G. Kifle Sphiwe Madiba Perpetua Modjadji Tags: Article Source Type: research

Recent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination is Associated with a Lower Risk of COVID-19: A US Database Cohort Study
ConclusionsRecent HPV vaccination was associated with a lower risk of incident COVID-19 and hospitalization. Based on the promising protective effect of HPV vaccine shown in this study, these findings should be replicated in an independent dataset. Further studies are needed to provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the differences in risks among 2-, 4-, or 9-valent HPV vaccine recipients.
Source: Drugs - May 10, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

A snapshot of pediatric inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19: a point prevalence study from Turkey
Conclusion: To lessen the effects of the disease, all eligible children should receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The illness may specifically endanger children with UCDs.What is Known:• Children with COVID-19 mainly present with fever and cough, as in adults.• COVID-19 may specifically threaten children with underlying chronic diseases.What is New:• Children with obesity have a higher vaccination rate against COVID-19 than children without obesity.• Among unvaccinated children, fever and pneumoniae might be seen at a higher ratio than among vaccinated children.
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - May 4, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome during the COVID ‐19 pandemic: Four case reports
The current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly impacted society and individual lifestyles. Recently, we encountered four patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) who developed acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is suggested that increased rates of obesity due to lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic may be responsible for an increase in the prevalence of OHS-associated AHRF. AbstractObesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) can cause acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF). The onset of AHRF in four patients with OHS during the coronavi...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 21, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sato Nakamura, Yukio Kawagishi, Akihiro Kikushima, Atsushi Muto, Yoshifumi Suda, Kazuki Gohara, Shinichi Takeda Tags: CASE SERIES Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1026: Lipid Accumulation in Host Cells Promotes SARS-CoV-2 Replication
llerbrand Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still affecting the lives of people around the globe and remains a major public health threat. Lipid levels in the host cells have been shown to promote SARS-CoV-2 replication, and since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have linked obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome with severity of illness, as well as mortality in patients with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to obtain insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of these associations. First, we established an in vitro model simulating high fatty acid levels and showed that this s...
Source: Viruses - April 21, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Tatjana Seitz Christian Setz Pia Rauch Ulrich Schubert Claus Hellerbrand Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Home-based exercise alters pulmonary function and cellular stress markers in overweight middle-aged men during covid-19 Home quarantine
ConclusionsThe findings suggest that combined home-based exercise during home quarantine improves risk factors for severe COVID-19 in overweight middle-aged men. These improvements were further correlated with changes in BMI. Future research is required to confirm the findings of this study.
Source: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation - April 20, 2023 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Consistent Effects of Early Remdesivir on Symptoms and Disease Progression Across At-Risk Outpatient Subgroups: Treatment Effect Heterogeneity in PINETREE Study
ConclusionsIn the outpatient setting, benefit of remdesivir initiated within 7  days of symptoms appeared to be consistent across patients with RFs. Therefore, it may be reasonable to broadly treat patients with remdesivir regardless of comorbidities.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov number NCT04501952.
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - April 19, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research