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Vaccination: Hepatitis Vaccine

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Total 90 results found since Jan 2013.

Human Leukocyte Antigens Influence the Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine.
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its sequelae such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma has remained a serious public health problem throughout the world. The WHO strategy for effective control of HBV infection and its complications is mass vaccination of neonates and children within the framework of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI). Vaccination with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) induces protective antibody response (anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/L) in 90-99% of vaccinees. The lack of response to HBsAg has been attributed to a variety of  immunological mechanisms, including defect in anti...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - June 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jafarzadeh A, Bagheri-Jamebozorgi M, Nemati M, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Shokri F Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

MPLA shows attenuated pro‐inflammatory properties and diminished capacity to activate mast cells in comparison to LPS
ConclusionsCompared to LPS, MPLA induced a qualitatively similar, but less potent pro‐inflammatory immune response, but was unable to activate human or mouse MCs.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Allergy - January 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Stefan Schülke, Adam Flaczyk, Lothar Vogel, Nicolas Gaudenzio, Isabelle Angers, Bettina Löschner, Sonja Wolfheimer, Ingo Spreitzer, Salman Qureshi, Mindy Tsai, Stephen Galli, Stefan Vieths, Stephan Scheurer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Title: The WASH Approach: Fighting Waterborne Disease in Emergency Situations
Refugees collect water from a public tap stand in an Adjumani settlement. © Wendee Nicole Rhino Camp, Arua District. Refugees in Uganda live on land donated by Ugandan nationals. Refugee families are given plots on which they can build temporary shelters and grow crops.© Wendee Nicole Oxfam staff members Tim Sutton (left) and Pius Nzuki Kitonyi (right) with the soon-to-be-repaired water pump in Adjumani. In disaster-affected situations, Oxfam takes a lead in delivering WASH-related services.© Wendee Nicole Hand-operated water pumps are a reliable source of pre...
Source: EHP Research - December 31, 2014 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Featured Focus News Community Health Disaster Response Drinking Water Quality Infectious Disease Infrastructure International Environmental Health Microbial Agents Sanitation Warfare and Aftermath Water Pollution Source Type: research

A Novel Virus-Based Expression System
The present invention is related to a recombinant viral vector for vaccines.Currently available poxvirus vectors for humans and other animals exhibit suboptimal expression of recombinant gene(s) and high expression of vector proteins which causes weak immunogenicity and high anti-vector immune response.The present novel virus-based expression vectors are non-replicating in human and animals, have high expression of exogenous genes to achieve strong immunogenicity, demonstrate low expression of vector proteins to minimize anti-vector immune responses and minimize competition with expression of recombinant proteins and are c...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - December 11, 2014 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research

A New Non-replicating Vaccinia Virus Expression System With Low Expression Of Vector Genes And High Expression Of The Target Gene
A Novel Virus-Based Expression SystemDescription of Technology: The present invention is related to a recombinant viral vector for vaccines.Currently available poxvirus vectors for humans and other animals exhibit suboptimal expression of recombinant gene(s) and high expression of vector proteins which causes weak immunogenicity and high anti-vector immune response.The present novel virus-based expression vectors are non-replicating in human and animals, have high expression of exogenous genes to achieve strong immunogenicity, demonstrate low expression of vector proteins to minimize anti-vector immune responses and minimi...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - December 11, 2014 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research

The science of paediatrics, child health research, and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
INTRODUCTION Having completed a five year term as Science & Research Vice President of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), I offer a personal reflection. I explain why I believe the science of paediatrics, and child health research in the UK, are vibrant and strong and present my view that with a strengthened RCPCH, and sustained vision by paediatricians, these could become an international beacon, benefiting child and population health globally. The science of paediatrics and child health research The word ‘science’ derives from the Latin scientia, meaning knowledge. The science of c...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Modi, N. Tags: Liver disease, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Vaccination / immunisation, Childhood nutrition, Diet, Malnutrition, Child and adolescent psychiatry (paedatrics), Childhood nutrition (paediatri Source Type: research

Question 1: Should newborns of mothers with isolated antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen be immunised?
Scenario The midwife calls you to assess a newborn in the delivery room. The pregnancy was uneventful, but the mother's serology results show the following: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative, antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) negative, but antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive. You wonder if the baby is at risk for perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) requiring preventive measures at this time. Structured clinical question Does a newborn of a mother with isolated antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen need immunisation (intervention) to prevent ...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pramana, I., Heininger, U., Ritz, N. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Liver disease, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, HIV/AIDS, Vaccination / immunisation, Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Child health, Infant health, Sexua Source Type: research

Measles: the legacy of low vaccine coverage
Measles is among the most infectious diseases of humans. Prior to the introduction of vaccination, virtually every child in the UK caught measles during two-yearly epidemics that each involved up to 700 000 reported cases. The illness presents with fever, coryza, cough and conjunctivitis before progressing to the classic rash after 2–4 days.1 Complications are more common in the very young and in adults and include otitis media, pneumonia, diarrhoea, keratitis and encephalitis. Although measles still kills around 150 000 children per year worldwide, in industrialised countries, case-fatality ratios are...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - September 12, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Ramsay, M. E. Tags: Liver disease, Oncology, Diarrhoea, Eye Diseases, Editor's choice, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Otitis, Pneumonia (infectious disease), TB and other respiratory infections, Vaccination / im Source Type: research

Mutational Analysis of HBs Ag-Positive Mothers and Their Infected Children despite Immunoprophylaxis.
Abstract Hepatitis B vaccination is safe and effective, although breakthrough infection occasionally occurs in those who receive the vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) prophylaxis. Sequence variation in their antigenic regions is one of the most powerful strategies that are used by viruses to escape recognition by B and T cell-mediated immune responses. The aim of this study was to explore the mutational profile of HBV in vertical transmission.Six HBsAg-positive mothers and their children who developed HBV infection despite immunoprophylaxis were enrolled. After extraction of HBV DNA from sera, the full...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - September 4, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ghaziasadi A, Alavian SM, Norouzi M, Fazeli Z, Jazayeri SM Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Updated AIDSinfo Drug Database Offers Health Professionals and Patients the Latest HIV-Related Drug Information
The latest additions to the AIDSinfo drug database provide health care providers and patients with even more information on HIV/AIDS-related drugs.   Recent improvements to the database include: Investigational HIV drug summaries for health professionals that include the most recent information on pharmacology, dosing, adverse events, and drug interactions. The drug summaries also feature drug compound details from ChemIDplus Advanced (United States National Library of Medicine) and the HIV Drugs in Development Database from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Updated HIV investigat...
Source: AIDSinfo At-a-Glance: Offering Information on HIV/AIDS Treatment, Prevention, and Research, A Service of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) - May 31, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Anti-TNF treatment blocks the induction of T cell-dependent humoral responses
Conclusions These data indicate that TNF blockade severely impedes the induction of primary TD humoral responses, probably by interfering with the germinal centre reaction.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - May 10, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Franco Salinas, G., De Rycke, L., Barendregt, B., Paramarta, J. E., Hreggvidstdottir, H., Cantaert, T., van der Burg, M., Tak, P. P., Baeten, D. Tags: Open access, Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Biological agents, Degenerative joint disease, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Musculoskeletal syndromes Basic and translational research Source Type: research

UK vaccination schedule: persistence of immunity to hepatitis B in children vaccinated after perinatal exposure
Conclusions This study of antibody persistence among UK children born to hepatitis B infected women, immunised with a 3-dose infant schedule with a toddler booster suggests sustained immunity through early childhood. These data should prompt further studies to address the need for a preschool booster. Trial registration Eudract Number 2008-004785-98.
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 9, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Yates, T. A., Paranthaman, K., Yu, L.-M., Davis, E., Lang, S., Hackett, S. J., Welch, S. B., Pollard, A. J., Snape, M. D. Tags: Liver disease, Open access, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Vaccination / immunisation Original article Source Type: research

Altravax, Inc. Awarded $1.2M To Advance Dengue Vaccine And Hepatitis Therapeutic
Altravax, Inc. announced recently that it has been awarded two Advanced Technology Small Business Innovation Research grants from the NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for research on vaccines to prevent infection by dengue virus and to treat chronic hepatitis B.
Source: Pharmaceutical Online News - January 8, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

TH1 and TH2 Responses Are Influenced by HLA Antigens in Healthy Neonates Vaccinated with Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine.
Abstract The immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is influenced by several factors, of which HLA antigens and balanced secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines play important roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of HLA antigens on cytokine secretion by HBsAg-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy neonates vaccinated with recombinant HBsAg. PBMCs were isolated from 48 Iranian neonates vaccinated with a recombinant HBV vaccine. The cells were stimulated in vitro with rHBsAg and the concentration of IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ were quantitated in culture supe...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - December 1, 2012 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jafarzadeh A, Shokri F Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Infectious Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Recombinants – Prospective Vaccine Candidates and Vector System
This technology is a recombinant, infectious genotype 3 Hepatitis E virus (HEV) that has been adapted to grow in cell culture and can potentially be used to develop vaccines against HEV or as a vector system to insert exogenous sequences into HEV. The virus (strain Kernow-C1, genotype 3) originated from a chronically infected human subject and was adapted to grow in human hepatoma cells. The adapted virus is unique in that it contains an insertion of a portion of a human ribosomal protein in Open Reading Frame 1 of the virus. Desired exogenous sequences can potentially be placed in lieu of the insert without inactivating t...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - October 6, 2011 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research