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Source: Frontiers in Immunology
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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.
Allergic Aspects of IgG4-Related Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Therapy
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare systemic fibroinflammatory disease frequently associated with allergy. The pathogenesis of IgG4-RD is poorly understood, and effective therapies are limited. However, IgG4-RD appears to involve some of the same pathogenic mechanisms observed in allergic disease, such as T helper 2 (Th2) and regulatory T cell (Treg) activation, IgG4 and IgE hypersecretion, and blood/tissue eosinophilia. In addition, IgG4-RD tissue fibrosis appears to involve activation of basophils and mast cells and their release of alarmins and cytokines. In this article, we review allergy-like features of IgG4-RD ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 7, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Dectin-1 Controls TSLP-Induced Th2 Response by Regulating STAT3, STAT6, and p50-RelB Activities in Dendritic Cells
The epithelium-associated cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) can induce OX40L and CCL17 expression by myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), which contributes to aberrant Th2-type immune responses. Herein, we report that such TSLP-induced Th2-type immune response can be effectively controlled by Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor expressed by mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation induced STAT3 activation and decreased the transcriptional activity of p50-RelB, both of which resulted in reduced OX40L expression on TSLP-activated mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation also suppressed TSLP-induced STAT6 activation, resulting in decreased expressi...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 7, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Drug and Chemical Allergy: A Role for a Specific Naive T-Cell Repertoire?
Allergic reactions to drugs and chemicals are mediated by an adaptive immune response involving specific T cells. During thymic selection, T cells that have not yet encountered their cognate antigen are considered naive T cells. Due to the artificial nature of drug/chemical-T-cell epitopes, it is not clear whether thymic selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells is a common phenomenon or remains limited to few donors or simply does not exist, suggesting T-cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity with other antigens. Selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells could be a relatively rare event accounting for the low occurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 29, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
IgE Epitopes of the House Dust Mite Allergen Der p 7 Are Mainly Discontinuous and Conformational
Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceIgE epitopes of Der p 7 belong to the conformational and discontinuous type whereas sequential Der p 7 peptides lack IgE reactivity. It should thus be possible to construct hypoallergenic vaccines for Der p 7 based on carrier-bound allergen peptides.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 15, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Features of Neutrophils From Atopic and Non-Atopic Elite Endurance Runners
We collected peripheral blood from thirty-nine elite male endurance runners at rest (24 hours after the last exercise session) and used the Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes score and plasma specific IgE level to separate them into atopic and non-atopic athletes. Neutrophils obtained from atopic and non-atopic athletes were subsequently stimulated in vitro with fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), or PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). Neutrophils from non-atopic runners responded appropriately to LPS, as evidenced by the production of pro (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6) and anti-inflammat...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 11, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Alteration of Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Oral Sensitized C3H/HeJ Mice Is Associated With Changes in Dendritic Cells and T Cells in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
This research aimed to investigate the allergic reaction of C3H/HeJ mice after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) without any adjuvant and to analyze the association between intestinal microbiota and allergy-related immune cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The allergic responses of C3H/HeJ mice orally sensitized with OVA were evaluated, and immune cell subsets in spleen and MLN and cytokines were also detected. The intestinal bacterial community structure was analyzed, followed by Spearman correlation analysis between changed gut microbiota species and allergic parameters. Sensitization induced a noticeable allergic r...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Strategies and Future Opportunities for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Cow Milk Allergy
The prevalence of food allergy has increased over the last 20-30 years, including cow milk allergy (CMA) which is one of the most common causes of infant food allergy. International allergy experts met in 2019 to discuss broad topics in allergy prevention and management of CMA including current challenges and future opportunities. The highlights of the meeting combined with recently published developments are presented here. Primary prevention of CMA should start from pre-pregnancy with a focus on a healthy lifestyle and food diversity to ensure adequate transfer of inhibitory IgG- allergen immune complexes across the plac...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Functional Contribution and Targeted Migration of Group-2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Being at the Right Place at the Right Time
During the last decade, group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been discovered and successfully established as crucial mediators of lung allergy, airway inflammation and fibrosis, thus affecting the pathogenesis and clinical course of many respiratory diseases, like for instance asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis. As an important regulatory component in this context, the local pulmonary milieu at inflammatory tissue sites does not only determine the activation status of lung-infiltrating ILC2s, but also influences their motility and migratory behavior. In general, many data collected in recent murine an...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
A Component-Resolved Therapeutic Vaccine for Cockroach Allergy Made of Per a 9 and Transforming Growth Factor- β Homologue, an Immunosuppressive Protein of Brugia malayi
In this study, efficacy and mechanism of a novel intranasal vaccine consisting of liposome (L)-entrapped mixture of American CR (Periplaneta americana) major allergen (Per a 9) and immunosuppressive protein of Brugia malayi nematode named transforming growth factor-beta homologue (TGH) in treatment of CR allergy were investigated along with two other vaccines (L-Per a 9 alone and L-TGH alone). All three vaccines could reduce pathogenic type 2 response and lung immunopathology in the vaccines-treated CR-allergic mice, but by different mechanisms. L-Per a 9 caused a deviation of the pathogenic type 2 to type 1 response (IFN-...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 31, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Effects on the Host and Their Potential as Therapeutic Agents
Breastmilk is known to be very important for infants because it provides nutrients and immunological compounds. Among these compounds, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) represent the third most important component of breastmilk after lipids and lactose. Several experiments demonstrated the beneficial effects of these components on the microbiota, the immune system and epithelial barriers, which are three major biological systems. Indeed, HMOs induce bacterial colonization in the intestinal tract, which is beneficial for health. The gut bacteria can act directly and indirectly on the immune system by stimulating innate imm...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 24, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines Are Generally Safe in the Short Term: A Vaccine Vigilance Real-World Study Says
ConclusionAEFIs of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were generally non-severe local or systemic reactions. A prior allergy history is the risk factor for anaphylaxis, while a history of anxiety may link with severe neurological AEs. Such vaccine recipients need further evaluation and monitor.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 21, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Immunological Responses to Envenomation
Venoms are complex mixtures of toxic compounds delivered by bite or sting. In humans, the consequences of envenomation range from self-limiting to lethal. Critical host defence against envenomation comprises innate and adaptive immune strategies targeted towards venom detection, neutralisation, detoxification, and symptom resolution. In some instances, venoms mediate immune dysregulation that contributes to symptom severity. This review details the involvement of immune cell subtypes and mediators, particularly of the dermis, in host resistance and venom-induced immunopathology. We further discuss established venom-associa...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The Role of Lectin Receptors and Their Ligands in Controlling Allergic Inflammation
More than fifty c-type lectin receptors (CLR) are known and have been identified so far. Moreover, we know the group of galectins and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins that also belong to the carbohydrate-binding receptors of the immune system. Thus, the lectin receptors form the largest receptor family among the pathogen recognition receptors. Similar to the toll-like receptors (TLRs), the CLR do not only recognize foreign but also endogenous molecules. In contrast to TLRs, which have a predominantly activating effect on the immune system, lectin receptors also mediate inhibitory signals. They play an import...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mucosal Immunoregulatory Properties of Tsukamurella inchonensis to Reverse Experimental Food Allergy
In conclusion, these bacteria suppressed the intestinal inflammatory immune response to reverse food allergy.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) is a term that encompasses all B cells that act to suppress immune responses. Bregs contribute to the maintenance of tolerance, limiting ongoing immune responses and reestablishing immune homeostasis. The important role of Bregs in restraining the pathology associated with exacerbated inflammatory responses in autoimmunity and graft rejection has been consistently demonstrated, while more recent studies have suggested a role for this population in other immune-related conditions, such as infections, allergy, cancer, and chronic metabolic diseases. Initial studies identified IL-10 as the hallmark ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
