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Total 20 results found since Jan 2013.

Linking environmental variability to village-scale malaria transmission using a simple immunity model.
CONCLUSIONS: The model presented has a novel structure constituting a mechanistic link between spatial and temporal environmental variability and village-scale malaria transmission. Incorporating acquired immunity into the model has allowed simulation of prevalence in the two villages, and isolation of the effects of acquired immunity in dampening the difference in prevalence between the two villages. Without these effects, the difference in prevalence between the two villages would have been significantly larger in response to the large differences in mosquito populations and the associated biting rates. PMID: 239195...
Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization - August 7, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Yamana TK, Bomblies A, Laminou IM, Duchemin JB, Eltahir EA Tags: Parasit Vectors Source Type: research

Distribution and spread of pyrethroid and DDT resistance among the Anopheles gambiae complex in Tanzania
We report the findings of a national survey carried out in Tanzania in 2011 to monitor the susceptibility of malaria vectors to pyrethroid, organophosphate, carbamate and DDT insecticides, and compare these findings with those identified in 2004 and 2010. Standard World Health Organization (WHO) methods were used to detect knock‐down and mortality rates in wild female Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from 14 sentinel districts. Diagnostic doses of the pyrethroids deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and permethrin, the carbamate propoxur, the organophosphate fenitrothion and the organochlorine DDT were us...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 5, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B. KABULA, P. TUNGU, R. MALIMA, M. ROWLAND, J. MINJA, R. WILILO, M. RAMSAN, P. D. MCELROY, J. KAFUKO, M. KULKARNI, N. PROTOPOPOFF, S. MAGESA, F. MOSHA, W. KISINZA Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria
This study aimed to determine the dynamics of insecticide susceptibility levels and the frequency of knock‐down resistance (kdr) mutations (L1014F) in wild Anopheles coluzzii Coetzee & Wilkerson sp. n. and Anopheles gambiae Giles from the Ojoo and Bodija areas of Ibadan, in southwest Nigeria. Insecticide susceptibility to pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates and organochlorines was assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) bioassays. A subset of the mosquitoes exposed to pyrethroids and DDT was used for species and molecular form identification; kdr genotyping was determined using the TaqMan real‐time pol...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 22, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. N. OKORIE, O. G. ADEMOWO, H. IRVING, L. A. KELLY‐HOPE, C. S. WONDJI Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Trends in the selection of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes in northwest Tanzania during a community randomized trial of longlasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying
Abstract Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Muleba, Tanzania has developed high levels of resistance to most insecticides currently advocated for malaria control. The kdr mutation has almost reached fixation in An. gambiae s.s. in Muleba. This change has the potential to jeopardize malaria control interventions carried out in the region. Trends in insecticide resistance were monitored in two intervention villages using World Health Organization (WHO) susceptibility test kits. Additional mechanisms contributing to observed phenotypic resistance were investigated using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) bottle b...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 1, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J. MATOWO, J. KITAU, R. KAAYA, R. KAVISHE, A. WRIGHT, W. KISINZA, I. KLEINSCHMIDT, F. MOSHA, M. ROWLAND, N. PROTOPOPOFF Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

A rare meeting of minds
This article was originally published in the May issue of Complete Nutrition Magazine eating meatmeat productshealth and environmentsustainable agriculturemetabolic nutritionaquatic resourcesanimal and dairy sciencehuman epidemiologyentomologyEdible insectsfood industrysaturated fatanimal welfaredairy productsnutrition sciencenutrition research
Source: The Nutrition Society - May 28, 2015 Category: Nutrition Authors: Robin Banerji Source Type: news

Conducting international diploma course on malaria program planning and management (1996-2012).
CONCLUSION: This course is providing the skill for decision making, how to combat against malaria in their country and is parallel to the policy of the malaria control for capacity building in malarious areas of the world. PMID: 24409435 [PubMed]
Source: Iranian Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases - December 20, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: J Arthropod Borne Dis Source Type: research

Assessing Insecticide Susceptibility of Laboratory Lutzomyia longipalpis and Phlebotomus papatasi Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
The objective of this study was to determine lethal concentrations (LCs) and lethal exposure times (LTs) to assess levels of susceptibility of laboratory Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Nieva) and Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) to 10 insecticides using a modified version of the World Health Organization (WHO) exposure kit assay and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bottle bioassay. Sand flies were exposed to insecticides coated on the interior of 0.5-gallon and 1,000-ml glass bottles. Following exposure, the flies were allowed to recover for 24 h, after which mortality was recorded. From dose–response ...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Denlinger, D. S., Lozano-Fuentes, S., Lawyer, P. G., Black, W. C., Bernhardt, S. A. Tags: Vector Control, Pest Management, Resistance, Repellents Source Type: research

Artificial Selection for Different Host Preferences in Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes
Most mosquito species display host preferences that are a crucial determinant of the transmission rate of mosquito-borne pathogens. Although a transgenic approach, based on driving genes for zoophily into vector populations, has been advocated as a malaria control strategy by the World Health Organization since 1982, the genes involved in mosquito host choice remain poorly understood. Culex pipiens pallens Coquillet mosquitoes were artificially selected for two different host preferences in a specially designed experimental enclosure. Of 3,035 mosquitoes obtained from larvae and pupae collected from the wild (the F0 genera...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Yu, J., Li, C.-X., Dong, Y.-D., Xue, R.-D., Zhao, T.-Y. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Spatial distribution and insecticide susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in dengue affected urban areas of Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
CONCLUSION: The results suggested that all the field populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus existed together and showed qualitative changes in their susceptibility status. Resistance against deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin was not confirmed and further investigation was recommended to confirm the change in their susceptibility status. This study could help public health authorities to apply simultaneous control activities on both species due to their coexistence and also resistance management strategies should be formulated to slow down the process of development of resistance. PMID: 27353583 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Vector Borne Diseases - July 1, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: J Vector Borne Dis Source Type: research

Assessment of the Probability of Autochthonous Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Canada under Recent and Projected Climate Change
This study identifies that southern Canada may be the very northern limit for transmission of these pathogens with climate change. Other factors need to be explored however, which include understanding when and where Canadian travelers are likely to return, infrastructure in Canada that may support vector populations in what would be expected to be climatically unsuitable regions, and whether or not there are other competent vectors in Canada. Further research to close the gap on our current understanding of CHIKV and CHIKV vectors, improved surveillance on Ae. albopictus in North America, and enhanced climate projection m...
Source: EHP Research - June 5, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Research Source Type: research

Tracking Trachoma: How The Gambia Is Eliminating an Ancient Disease
PDF Version (4.5 MB) About This Article About This Article Supplemental Material Published: 11 December 2017 Note to readers with disabilities: EHP strives to ensure that all journal content is accessible to all readers. However, some figures and Supplemental Material published in EHP articles may not conform to 508 standards due to the complexity of the information being presented. If you need assistance accessing journal content, please contact ehponline@niehs.nih.gov. Our staff will work with you to assess and meet your accessibility needs within 3 working days. Published: 11 December 2017 Note to reade...
Source: EHP Research - December 12, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Focus Source Type: research

Dengue knowledge, attitudes and practices and their impact on community-based vector control in rural Cambodia
ConclusionAn education campaign regarding dengue prevention in this setting with high knowledge levels is unlikely to have any significant effect on practices unless it is incorporated in a more comprehensive strategy for behavioural change, such a COMBI method, which includes behavioural models as well as communication and marketing theory and practice. Trial registrationISRCTN85307778.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - February 16, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Emmanuelle Kumaran Source Type: research

DEET Is the Most Effective Bug Spray. But Is It Safe?
Sure, itchy bug bites are a nuisance. But for those living in parts of the country where mosquito or tick-borne illnesses are common—and these days, that’s most of us—bug-repellent sprays and liquids are an important safeguard against Lyme disease, West Nile virus and other serious health conditions. The annual number of people sickened by mosquitos or tick bites has more than tripled since 2004, according to the CDC. The World Health Organization has concluded that climate change is a likely contributor to these increases, which are predicted to continue as warmer global temperatures expand the habitats ...
Source: TIME: Health - July 25, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Markham Heid Tags: Uncategorized healthytime Research Source Type: news

Cochrane Infectious Disease Group works with WHO on latest guidelines for malaria vector control
The World Health Organization publishedGuidelines for malaria vector control, drawing on seven Cochrane reviews specially prepared for them by theCochrane Infectious Diseases Group (CIDG).  With its editorial base at Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), CIDG was asked to review all of the evidence that was used in bringing together what WHO have described as a “one-stop shop” for countries and partners working to implement effective malaria vector control measures. Consolidating more than 20 sets of WHO recommendations and good practice statements into one user friendly document, the guidelines support each c...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - March 5, 2019 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

Expanding Research Capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa Through Informatics, Bioinformatics, and Data Science Training Programs in Mali
Conclusion Bioinformatics and data science training programs in developing countries necessitate incremental and collaborative strategies for their feasible and sustainable development. The progress described here covered decades of collaborative efforts centered on training and research on computationally intensive topics. These efforts laid the groundwork and platforms conducive for hosting a bioinformatics and data science training program in Mali. Training programs are perhaps best facilitated through Africa’s university systems as they are perhaps best positioned to maintain core resources during lapses in sho...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research