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Vaccination: Hepatitis Vaccine

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Total 4921 results found since Jan 2013.

Pharmacological interventions for acute hepatitis C infection: an attempted network meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Very low quality evidence suggests that interferon-alpha may decrease the incidence of chronic HCV infection as measured by sustained virological response. However, the clinical impact such as improvement in health-related quality of life, reduction in cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, and liver transplantation has not been reported. It is also not clear whether this finding is applicable in the current clinical setting dominated by the use of pegylated interferons and direct-acting antivirals, although we found no evidence to support that pegylated interferons or ribavirin or both are effective in peopl...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 12, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kalafateli M, Buzzetti E, Thorburn D, Davidson BR, Tsochatzis E, Gurusamy KS Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

How Common is α -1-Antitrypsin Deficiency?
Discussion α-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency (A1AT) is a common single-gene mutation disease that is homozygous recessive. The normal allele is called M and the most common abnormal allele is Z. There are other alleles though. The gene codes for one of the primary protease inhibitors in the serum, thus those who are homozygous for the Z gene are sometimes referred to as “PIZZ” or “PIZ.” α-1-Antitrypsin is found in all body tissues but is especially important in the serum and lung. As noted it is one of the primary neutrophil protease inhibitors in the serum, and acts to neutralize these enzymes...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 24, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Improving adult immunization equity: Where do the published research literature and existing resources lead?
Abstract Evidence suggests that disparities in adult immunization (AI) rates are growing. Providers need adequate patient resources and information about successful interventions to help them engage in effective practices to reduce AI disparities. The primary purposes of this paper were to review and summarize the evidence base regarding interventions to reduce AI disparities and to scan for relevant resources that could support providers in their AI efforts to specifically target disparities. First, building on a literature review conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we searched the p...
Source: Vaccine - April 25, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Prins W, Butcher E, Hall LL, Puckrein G, Rosof B Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Cost-effectiveness analysis of vaccinations and decision makings on vaccination programmes in Hong Kong: A systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: There was a paucity of cost-effectiveness models evaluating vaccination targeted to the Hong Kong population. All evaluated vaccinations and immunisation interventions in Hong Kong, except for Haemophilus influenzae b, hepatitis A and HPV vaccinations, were considered either cost-saving or very cost-effective when compared to status quo. PMID: 28476628 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - May 2, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wong CKH, Liao Q, Guo VYW, Xin Y, Lam CLK Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Fight Aging! Newsletter, July 31st 2017
In conclusion, documentation is important, a critical part of advocacy and the development process at the larger scale. It isn't just words, but rather a vital structural flow of information from one part of the larger community to another, necessary to sustain progress in any complex field. We would all do well to remember this - and to see that building this documentation is an activity in which we can all pitch in to help. Evidence Suggests that, at Least in Earlier Stages, Alzheimer's Disease Blocks Rather than Destroys Memories https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2017/07/evidence-suggests-that-at-least-in-ea...
Source: Fight Aging! - July 30, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Response to hepatitis B vaccination in patients with liver cirrhosis
In conclusion, cirrhotic patients achieve lower seroprotection rates after the completion of HBV vaccination series. Several strategies have tried to improve the immunogenicity; however, there is a great need for additional studies to further explore (1) the immune response in relation to poor vaccination responsiveness confounding factors, (2) novel strategies to improve immunogenicity, and (3) the immune mechanism underlying the differences in response rates to HBV vaccination.
Source: Reviews in Medical Virology - July 1, 2017 Category: Virology Authors: Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Panagiota Davoulou, Christos Konstantakis, Konstantinos Thomopoulos, Christos Triantos Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Anti-Infectious Human Vaccination in Historical Perspective.
Authors: D'Amelio E, Salemi S, D'Amelio R Abstract A brief history of vaccination is presented since the Jenner's observation, through the first golden age of vaccinology (from Pasteur's era to 1938), the second golden age (from 1940 to 1970), until the current period. In the first golden age, live, such as Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG), and yellow fever, inactivated, such as typhoid, cholera, plague, and influenza, and subunit vaccines, such as tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, have been developed. In the second golden age, the cell culture technology enabled polio, measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines be developed...
Source: International Reviews of Immunology - January 30, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Int Rev Immunol Source Type: research

Human Genetic Predisposition to Diseases Caused by Viruses from Flaviviridae Family.
Abstract The identification of human predisposition genes to severe forms of infectious diseases is important for understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis, as well as for the detection of the risk groups. This will allow one to carry out targeted vaccination and preventive therapy. The most common approaches to the genetic risk estimation include conducting association studies, in which the groups of patients and control individuals are compared using both preliminarily selected candidate genes and using genome-wide analysis. To search for genetic variants predisposed to severe forms of infectious diseases, it...
Source: Molekuliarnaia Biologiia - March 1, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yudin NS, Barkhash AV, Maksimov VN, Ignatieva EV, Romaschenko AG Tags: Mol Biol (Mosk) Source Type: research

Elimination of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B in Africa: AReview of Available Tools and New Opportunities.
Abstract PURPOSE: This review article focuses on preventing vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among pregnant women living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where disease is endemic and the estimated maternal HBV seroprevalence is >8%. Available interventions that have been studied in low- and middle-income countries are compared in terms of efficacy and effectiveness in clinical practice. Global disease-elimination targets, barriers to HBV-prevention efforts, and critical research gaps are discussed. METHODS: A PubMed literature search in February 2018 identified relevant studies of interventions...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Dionne-Odom J, Njei B, Tita ATN Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Multiple doses of hepatitis B recombinant vaccine for chronic hepatitis B patients with low surface antigen levels: a pilot study
ConclusionsIn low-level HBsAg CHB patients, serial HBsAg-based vaccinations were safe, resulting in significant HBsAg decline. HLA gene expression and genotypes played a role in vaccine responsiveness (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01817725).
Source: Hepatology International - August 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Needle size for vaccination procedures in children and adolescents.
CONCLUSIONS: Using 25 mm needles (either 23 G or 25 G) for intramuscular vaccination procedures in the anterolateral thigh of infants using the WHO injection technique probably reduces the occurrence of local reactions while achieving a comparable immune response to 25 G 16 mm needles. These findings are applicable to healthy infants aged two to six months receiving combination DTwP vaccines with a reactogenic whole-cell pertussis antigen component. These vaccines are predominantly used in low- and middle-income countries. The applicability of the findings to vaccines with acellular pertussis components and other vaccines ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 9, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Beirne PV, Hennessy S, Cadogan SL, Shiely F, Fitzgerald T, MacLeod F Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Multiple doses of hepatitis B recombinant vaccine for chronic hepatitis B patients with low surface antigen levels: a pilot study
ConclusionsIn low-level HBsAg CHB patients, serial HBsAg-based vaccinations were safe, resulting in significant HBsAg decline. HLA gene expression and genotypes played a role in vaccine responsiveness (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01817725).
Source: Hepatology International - August 7, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Tufted angioma arising at the site of hepatitis B vaccination: A case report.
Abstract Sepaskhah M, Hajizadeh J, Sari-Aslani F, Jowkar F. Tufted angioma arising at the site of hepatitis B vaccination: A case report. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 188-190. Tufted angioma is a benign vascular proliferation which presents most commonly in infants and children and could occasionally be complicated by Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. Here, we report a 4-month-old girl with erythematous firm plaque on left thigh at the site of hepatitis B vaccine injection accompanied with thrombocytopenia. Histological examination showed multiple lobules of capillary sized vascular proliferation in the dermis and subcutaneo...
Source: The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics - October 18, 2018 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Sepaskhah M, Hajizadeh J, Sari-Aslani F, Jowkar F Tags: Turk J Pediatr Source Type: research

Pharmacological interventions for acute hepatitis C infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Very low quality evidence suggests that interferon-alpha may decrease the incidence of chronic HCV infection as measured by sustained virological response. However, the clinical impact such as improvement in health-related quality of life, reduction in cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, and liver transplantation has not been reported. It is also not clear whether this finding is applicable in the current clinical setting dominated by the use of pegylated interferons and direct-acting antivirals, although we found no evidence to support that pegylated interferons or ribavirin or both are effective in peopl...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 3, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kalafateli M, Buzzetti E, Thorburn D, Davidson BR, Tsochatzis E, Gurusamy KS Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

HSV Hepatitis in Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature
Conclusions and Relevance Although HSV hepatitis is rare, it carries a mortality rate of up to 39% for mothers and neonates. Therefore, it is crucial that HSV hepatitis be included on the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with fever and transaminitis. When HSV hepatitis is suspected, empiric therapy with acyclovir can be initiated with no additional risk to the fetus. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians. Learning Objectives After completing this activity, the participant should be better able to (1) develop a reasonable differential diagnosis for hepatitis in pregnancy, i...
Source: Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey - February 1, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: CME ARTICLES Source Type: research