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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: The Search for the Optimal Biomarker
Biomark Insights. 2022 Feb 22;17:11772719221078774. doi: 10.1177/11772719221078774. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a high-risk and aggressive malignancy characterized by the absence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the surface of malignant cells, and by the lack of overexpression of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). It has limited therapeutic options compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. There is now a growing body of evidence on the role of immunotherapy in TNBC, however much of the data from clinical trials is conflicting and thus, challenging fo...
Source: Biomarker Insights - February 28, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sadaf Qureshi Nancy Chan Mridula George Shridar Ganesan Deborah Toppmeyer Coral Omene Source Type: research

Proteomics and the search for biomarkers for renal cancer.
Abstract Worldwide, over 273,000 people are diagnosed with renal cancer each year. Approximately one third of patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease and although surgery is largely curative in those with localised disease, about one third of these patients will subsequently relapse. Renal cancer is resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy but increased understanding of the underlying tumour biology is leading to the use and development of targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting pathways downstream of the von Hippel Lindau tumour suppressor gene. There a...
Source: Clinical Biochemistry - December 7, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Craven RA, Vasudev NS, Banks RE Tags: Clin Biochem Source Type: research

Autophagy and senescence: A partnership in search of definition.
Abstract Autophagy and senescence share a number of characteristics, which suggests that both responses could serve to collaterally protect the cell from the toxicity of external stress such as radiation and chemotherapy and internal forms of stress such as telomere shortening and oncogene activation. Studies of oncogene activation in normal fibroblasts as well as exposure of tumor cells to chemotherapy have indicated that autophagy and senescence are closely related but not necessarily interdependent responses; specifically, interference with autophagy delays but does not abrogate senescence. The literature relat...
Source: Autophagy - February 19, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Gewirtz DA Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

Biomarkers for schistosomiasis: Towards an integrative view of the search for an effective diagnosis.
Abstract Human schistosomiasis, caused mainly by Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. hematobium, remains a prevalent and serious parasitic disease worldwide. Although it is a debilitating disease, a lack of sensitive methods for the precise diagnosis of active infection cases is important to prevent morbidity. The optimization of new diagnostic approaches may be accomplished by the selection of specific markers. In that manner, markers can be satisfactorily used for detection of different phases of infection, as acute and chronic phases, pre-patent and post-patent phases and after chemotherapy, improving the...
Source: Acta Tropica - January 8, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Silva-Moraes V, Ferreira JM, Coelho PM, Grenfell RF Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

Abstract 283: Biomarker search using gene expression databases in a phase III, controlled clinical trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer (acts-cc): Correlation between gene expression and DNA copy number
Background: The ACTS-CC trial is a randomized, controlled phase III study designed to validate the noninferiority of S-1 to UFT/LV as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer and rectosigmoid cancer. A prospective biomarker search was performed as an auxiliary study of the ACTS-CC trial, using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens obtained from 892 patients. The gene expression levels of 5-FU metabolizing enzymes and folate metabolizing enzymes and alterations of genome-wide copy numbers in tumor have been reported (2012 and 2013 Annual Meetings of AACR). In the present study, we performed correlation ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Uetake, H., Ishikawa, T., Ishiguro, M., Matsui, S., Sugihara, K., ACTS-CC Study Group Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Search for Novel Candidate Mutations for Metronidazole Resistance in Helicobacter pylori Using Next-Generation Sequencing.
CONCLUSIONS: Next-generation sequencing was used to identify mutations related to drug resistance. We confirmed that the mutations in rdxA are mainly associated with metronidazole resistance, and mutations in frxA are able to enhance H. pylori resistance only in the presence of rdxA mutations. Moreover, mutation in rpsU may play a role in metronidazole resistance. PMID: 25645832 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - February 2, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Binh TT, Suzuki R, Trang TT, Kwon DH, Yamaoka Y Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Investigational therapies for Ewing's sarcoma: a search without a clear finding.
Authors: Vornicova O, Bar-Sela G Abstract INTRODUCTION: Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFT) are a group of aggressive diseases, characterized histologically by small, round, blue cells and genetically by translocation involving EWS and ETS partner genes. The current treatment of localized Ewing sarcoma (ES) requires a multi-disciplinary approach, including multidrug chemotherapy, administrated before and after local treatment, surgery and radiation therapy. Unfortunately, the cure rate of metastatic or refractory/recurrent disease is still very poor. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize the new types...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - March 20, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Investig Drugs Source Type: research

Impact of hospital type and treatment on long-term survival among patients with FIGO Stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer: follow-up through two recurrences and three treatment lines in search for predictors for survival.
Authors: Szczesny W, Vistad I, Kaern J, Nakling J, Tropé C, Paulsen T Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of hospital type determined at primary treatment and find possible predictors of survival in a cohort of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who recurred twice and received three lines of treatment during eight-year follow-up. Using the Norwegian Cancer Registry, the authors identified 174 women with FIGO Stage IIIC EOC diagnosed in 2002. First-line treatment consisted of up-front debulking surgery and chemotherapy, received in either a teaching hospital (TH, n =...
Source: European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - June 30, 2016 Category: OBGYN Tags: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol Source Type: research

Abstract P2-14-03: Novel visualization tools to search ongoing clinical trials and track trial results for metastatic breast cancer
Background: Previous clinical trials have validated that the 70-gene signature MammaPrintTM provides prognostic and predictive information for early stage breast cancer patients and can identify low risk patients who may safely avoid adjuvant chemotherapy. Additionally, the neo-adjuvant I-SPY 177/4_Supplement/P2-14-03/table1T1Table 1.MP1MP2HER2+HER2-HER2+HER2-HR+HR-HR+HR-HR+HR-HR+HR-793241322185486456371514518818858Row#1= pCR, #2= RD, #3= TotalCitation Format: Kumar M, Kissoon K, Abdulai AR, De La Torre K, Flowers M, Cohen E, Colen S, Mercier JB, Hurlbert M. Novel visualization tools to search ongoing clinical trials and t...
Source: Cancer Research - February 13, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: M Kumar, K Kissoon, AR Abdulai, K De La Torre, M Flowers, E Cohen, S Colen, JB Mercier, M Hurlbert Tags: Poster Session Abstracts Source Type: research

Cocktail without hangover: in search for the optimal chemotherapy in the combined management of non-operable esophageal carcinomas.
CONCLUSIONS: More research is warranted to further increase the therapeutic ratio in non-operable esophageal cancers. PMID: 28375694 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Oncologica - April 4, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: So B, Marcu LG, Olver I, Gowda R, Bezak E Tags: Acta Oncol Source Type: research

Pyrimidine Metabolism in Schistosomes: A comparison with Other Parasites and the Search for Potential Chemotherapeutic Targets
Publication date: Available online 21 July 2017 Source:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Author(s): Mahmoud H. el Kouni Schistosomes are responsible for the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, an acute and chronic parasitic ailment that affects more than 240 million people in 70 countries worldwide. It is the second most devastating parasitic disease after malaria. At least 200,000 deaths per year are associated with the disease. In the absence of the availability of vaccines, chemotherapy is the main stay for combating schistosomiasis. The antischistosomal arsenal is curren...
Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - July 21, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 10, Pages 492: Recent Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy and Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma: A Glimmer of Hope in the Search for an Effective Therapy?
nin To date, no targeted drugs, antibodies or combinations of chemotherapeutics have been demonstrated to be more efficient than temozolomide, or to increase efficacy of standard therapy (surgery, radiotherapy, temozolomide, steroid dexamethasone). According to recent phase III trials, standard therapy may ensure a median overall survival of up to 18–20 months for adult patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. These data explain a failure of positive non-controlled phase II trials to predict positive phase III trials and should result in revision of the landmark Stupp trial as a historical control for ...
Source: Cancers - December 5, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Aleksei A. Stepanenko Vladimir P. Chekhonin Tags: Review Source Type: research

Acute HCV infection after chemotherapy: the need to search for occult HCV before this treatment?
Authors: De Marco L Abstract PMID: 30746923 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica - February 14, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol Source Type: research

Maintenance treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer: in search of the best strategy.
Abstract Over the last 2 decades, the standard fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy backbone for metastatic colorectal cancer has been complemented by the addition of novel biological agents, achieving impressive increases in 5-year survival rates. Nonetheless, these new combinations have also entailed increases in toxicity, leading to evaluation of de-escalated chemotherapy regimens and "drug holiday" periods in attempts to reduce side effects and optimise quality of life without impairing efficacy. Here, we review the current and emerging evidence for maintenance schedules with chemotherapy and targeted agents, ...
Source: Clinical Colorectal Cancer - January 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ron DA, Vera R, Labandeira CM, Manrique MCA, Núñez MÁ, Cid NG, Mata JG, Montes AF Tags: Clin Transl Oncol Source Type: research