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Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Strategies in Stroke
The role of immunity in all stages of stroke is increasingly being recognised, from the pathogenesis of risk factors to tissue repair, leading to the investigation of a range of immunomodulatory therapies. In the acute phase of stroke, proposed therapies include drugs targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and leukocyte infiltration, with a key objective to reduce initial brain cell toxicity. Systemically, the early stages of stroke are also characterised by stroke-induced immunosuppression, where downregulation of host defences predisposes patients to infection. Therefore, strategies to modulate ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 19, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Research hotspots and frotiers of stem cells in stroke: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2022
Conclusion: Between 2004 and 2022, the terms “neurogenesis,” “angiogenesis,” “mesenchymal stem cells,” “extracellular vesicle,” “exosomes,” “inflammation,” and “oxidative stress” have emerged as the hot research areas for research on stem cells in stroke. Although stem cells exert a number of positive effects, the main mechanisms for mitigating the damage caused by stroke are still unknown. Clinical challenges may include complicating factors that can affect the efficacy of stem cell therapy, which are worth a deep exploration.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 3, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Positive effects of α-asarone on transplanted neural progenitor cells in a murine model of ischemic stroke
Conclusionα-asarone may promote NPC proliferation and differentiation into neuron-lineage cells by activating β-catenin, cyclin D1, and ERK. Moreover, α-asarone treatment facilitated neurofunctional recovery after NPC transplantation in a murine model of ischemic stroke. Therefore, α-asarone is a potential adjunct treatment to NPC therapy for functional restoration after brain injuries such as ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Battle of the Sexes for Stroke Therapy: Female- Versus Male-Derived Stem Cells.
Abstract Cell therapy is a major discipline of regenerative medicine that has been continually growing over the last two decades. The aging of the population necessitates discovery of therapeutic innovations to combat debilitating disorders, such as stroke. Menstrual blood and Sertoli cells are two gender-specific sources of viable transplantable cells for stroke therapy. The use of autologous cells for the subacute phase of stroke offers practical clinical application. Menstrual blood cells are readily available, display proliferative capacity, pluripotency and angiogenic features, and, following transplantation ...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - February 28, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kaneko Y, Pabon MM, Dailey T, Weinbren NL, Rizzi J, Tamboli C, Vasconcellos J, Kuzmin-Nichols N, Sanberg PR, Eve DJ, Tajiri N, Borlongan CV Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Transplantation of Fecal Microbiota Rich in Short Chain Fatty Acids and Butyric Acid Treat Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Regulating Gut Microbiota
In conclusion, interfering with the gut microbiota by transplanting fecal bacteria rich in SCFAs and supplementing with butyric acid were found to be effective treatments for cerebral ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Pharmacological Research - August 18, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pharmacological approaches promoting stem cell-based therapy following ischemic stroke insults.
Abstract Stroke can lead to long-term neurological deficits. Adult neurogenesis, the continuous generation of newborn neurons in distinct regions of the brain throughout life, has been considered as one of the appoaches to restore the neurological function following ischemic stroke. However, ischemia-induced spontaneous neurogenesis is not suffcient, thus cell-based therapy, including infusing exogenous stem cells or stimulating endogenous stem cells to help repair of injured brain, has been studied in numerous animal experiments and some pilot clinical trials. While the effects of cell-based therapy on neurologic...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - April 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhu SZ, Szeto V, Bao MH, Sun HS, Feng ZP Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Combining growth factor and stem cell therapy for stroke rehabilitation, a review.
Abstract Stroke is a serious, life-threatening condition demanding vigorous search for new therapies. Recent research has focused on stem cell-based therapies as a viable choice following ischemic stroke, based on studies displaying that stem cells transplanted to the brain not only survive, but also cause functional recovery. Growth factors defined as polypeptides that regulate the growth and differentiation of many cell types. Many studies have demonstrated that combination use of growth factors may increase results by stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection properties, and enh...
Source: Current Drug Targets - January 5, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Asgharzade S, Talaei A, Farkhondeh T, Forouzanfar F Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Preconditioned Stem Cells: a Promising Strategy for Cell-Based Ischemic Stroke Therapy.
Abstract Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Numerous therapeutic studies, including stem cell therapy, have been explored in order to find the possible approach treating cerebral ischemia effectively. However, massive grafted-cell death and low survival rate made us pessimistic about the widespread application of stem cell therapy. The approach of preconditioning stem cells became an attractive option due to its high cell viability after transplantation. In this review, we focused on preconditioning stem cells via cytokines, chemical drugs and other factors including interleuk...
Source: Current Drug Targets - June 23, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cai H, Zhang Z, Yang GY Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Current Perspectives regarding Stem Cell-based Therapy for Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Conventional treatment has a limitation of very narrow therapeutic time window and its devastating nature necessitate a novel regenerative approach. Transplanted stem cells resulted in functional recovery through multiple mechanisms including neuroprotection, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite the promising features shown in experimental studies, results from clinical trials are inconclusive from the perspective of efficacy. The present review presents a synopsis of stem cell research on ischemic...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - June 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Park YS, Lee JW, Kwon HB, Kwak KA Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Synergistic effects of electroacupuncture and bone marrow stromal cells transplantation therapy in ischemic stroke
CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the combination treatment significantly improved restoration of neurological deficits in the animal stroke model. However, further studies are required to see if EA could promote the rapid differentiation of BMSC into neural stem cells in the short term.PMID:37140285 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202304_32106
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - May 4, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Z Sun Y-Q Chen B-Y Ran Q Wu W Shen L-N Kan Source Type: research

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