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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Old-school literature search helps ecologist identify puzzling parasite
(University of Michigan) A months-long literature search that involved tracking down century-old scientific papers and translating others from Czech and French helped University of Michigan ecologist Meghan Duffy answer a question she'd wondered about for years.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - June 23, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Molecules, Vol. 20, Pages 14118-14138: Search for Antiprotozoal Activity in Herbal Medicinal Preparations; New Natural Leads against Neglected Tropical Diseases
Sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, Leishmaniasis, and Malaria are infectious diseases caused by unicellular eukaryotic parasites (“protozoans”). The three first mentioned are classified as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization and together threaten more than one billion lives worldwide. Due to the lack of research interest and the high increase of resistance against the existing treatments, the search for effective and safe new therapies is urgently required. In view of the large tradition of natural products as sources against infectious diseases [1,2], the aim of the present study is to ...
Source: Molecules - August 4, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Núria MontesinoMarcel KaiserReto BrunThomas Schmidt Tags: Article Source Type: research

Phenolics and Terpenoids; the Promising New Search for Anthelmintics: A Critical Review.
Abstract Ailments caused by helminth parasites are global causing different types of clinical complications with permanent and long term morbidity in humans. Although huge advances have been made in medical sciences the effectiveness of available anthelmintics are still quite limited. Starting from the 50's, most importance was given to synthetic compounds for developing remedies from them, however, the traditional knowledge of medicine of different countries continued to provide us clues against this widespread health problem. Natural products or structural analogs with diverse structures are always been the majo...
Source: Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - November 20, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mukherjee N, Mukherjee S, Saini P, Roy P, Babu SP Tags: Mini Rev Med Chem Source Type: research

Protein profiles of Taenia solium cysts obtained from skeletal muscles and the central nervous system of pigs: Search for tissue-specific proteins.
This study was aimed to explore the 2DE protein maps of T. solium cysts obtained from skeletal muscles and central nervous system of naturally infected pigs. The gel images were analyzed through a combination of PDQuest™ and multivariate analysis. Results showed that differences in the protein patterns of cysts obtained from both tissues were remarkably discrete. Only 7 protein spots were found specifically associated to the skeletal muscle localization of the cysts; none was found significantly associated to the central nervous system. The use of distinct protein fractions of cysts allowed preliminary identification of ...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - November 28, 2016 Category: Parasitology Authors: Navarrete-Perea J, Moguel B, Bobes RJ, Villalobos N, Carrero JC, Sciutto E, Soberón X, Laclette JP Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: research

Pyrimidine Metabolism in Schistosomes: A comparison with Other Parasites and the Search for Potential Chemotherapeutic Targets
Publication date: Available online 21 July 2017 Source:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Author(s): Mahmoud H. el Kouni Schistosomes are responsible for the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, an acute and chronic parasitic ailment that affects more than 240 million people in 70 countries worldwide. It is the second most devastating parasitic disease after malaria. At least 200,000 deaths per year are associated with the disease. In the absence of the availability of vaccines, chemotherapy is the main stay for combating schistosomiasis. The antischistosomal arsenal is curren...
Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - July 21, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Secret-AAR: A web server to assess the antigenic density of proteins and homology search against bacterial and parasite secretome proteins.
Abstract The secretome refers to all the Excreted/Secreted (ES) proteins, and these are involved in critical biological processes, such as cell-cell communication, and host immune response. Recently, we introduced the abundance of antigenic regions (AAR) value to assess the protein antigenic density and to evaluate the antigenic potential of secretomes. Here, to facilitate the AAR calculation, we implemented it as a user-friendly webserver. We extended the webserver capabilities implementing a sequence-based tool for searching homologous proteins across secretomes, including experimental and predicted secretomes o...
Source: Genomics - October 11, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cornejo-Granados F, Hurtado-Ramírez JM, Hernández-Pando R, Ochoa-Leyva A Tags: Genomics Source Type: research

Parametric optimization of wirecut-electrical discharge machining through cuckoo search algorithm
The objective was formulated considering maximization of MRR with surface roughness as constraint. It was observed that, molybdenum wire outperforms the other two wires, producing higher MRR and lower surface roughness, which proves the efficiency of the simple CS algorithm in optimization.
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - October 24, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Anthropophilic phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia species and search for the natural Leishmania infections in an area endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ecuador.
Abstract By employing protected human bait landing and modified Shannon light trap, a total of 1,924 phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia spp. were captured in an area from which L. (V.) guyanensis was reported as the causative parasite of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The sand flies captured alive were dissected and identified at species level, based mainly on their spermathecae. At the same time, the sand flies dissected were searched for the Leishmania parasites by microscopic-test, and later on by PCR-test. No positive sand flies were detected by both tests, while considerable numbers of anthropophilic sand fly spe...
Source: Acta Tropica - November 28, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hashiguchi Y, Gomez EA, Velez LN, Villegas NV, Kubo M, Mimori T, Hashiguchi K, Kato H Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

Twins Reared Apart: Zygotic Division After Artificial Insemination/Twin Research Reviews: Selective Resuscitation of Premature Twins; Scientist Jailed for Editing Twins' Genes; Sexual Arousal Patterns in MZ Twins Discordant for Sexual Orientation; MZ Twins With Jejuno-Ileal Atresia/Media Reports: Twin Girls' Search for a Bone Marrow Donor; Puppy with a Possible Parasitic Twin; Twins in Silicon Valley; Surgical Separation of Craniopagus Twins; Twin-Based New Yorker Magazine Cartoon; Twin Tragedies.
This article opens with the brief life histories of reared-apart monozygotic (MZ) male twins. A New York City program that helped childless couples conceive via artificial insemination from the 1930s to the 1950s is examined as it related to these twins. The frequency with which pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology resulted in MZ twin pairs is also provided. Next, summaries of twin research concerning selective resuscitation, gene editing, sexual arousal and jejuno-ileal atresia are presented. The article ends with media reports of twin girls' efforts to find a bone marrow donor for their father, possible...
Source: Twin Research and Human Genetics - June 1, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Segal NL Tags: Twin Res Hum Genet Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 5075: Repurposing Auranofin and Evaluation of a New Gold(I) Compound for the Search of Treatment of Human and Cattle Parasitic Diseases: From Protozoa to Helminth Infections
lisabeth Davioud-Charvet Neglected parasitic diseases remain a major public health issue worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Human parasite diversity is very large, ranging from protozoa to worms. In most cases, more effective and new drugs are urgently needed. Previous studies indicated that the gold(I) drug auranofin (Ridaura®) is effective against several parasites. Among new gold(I) complexes, the phosphole-containing gold(I) complex {1-phenyl-2,5-di(2-pyridyl)phosphole}AuCl (abbreviated as GoPI) is an irreversible inhibitor of both purified human glutathione and thioredoxin reducta...
Source: Molecules - November 1, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liwen Feng S ébastien Pomel Perle Latre de Late Alexandre Taravaud Philippe M. Loiseau Louis Maes Fidelis Cho-Ngwa Christina A. Bulman Chelsea Fischer Judy A. Sakanari Peter D. Ziniel David L. Williams Elisabeth Davioud-Charvet Tags: Article Source Type: research

Development of a Fluorescent Assay to Search New Drugs Using Stable tdTomato-Leishmania, and the Selection of Galangin as a Candidate With Anti-Leishmanial Activity
Antimonials continue to be considered the first-line treatment for leishmaniases, but its use entails a wide range of side effects and serious reactions. The search of new drugs requires the development of methods more sensitive and faster than the conventional ones. We developed and validated a fluorescence assay based in the expression of tdTomato protein by Leishmania, and we applied this method to evaluate the activity in vitro of flavonoids and reference drugs. The pIR1SAT/tdTomato was constructed and integrated into the genome of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Parasites were selected with nourseothricin (NTC). ...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - June 4, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Evaluating the Genetic Capacity of Mycoplasmas for Coenzyme A Biosynthesis in a Search for New Anti-mycoplasma Targets
Mycoplasmas are responsible for a wide range of disease states in both humans and animals, in which their parasitic lifestyle has allowed them to reduce their genome sizes and curtail their biosynthetic capabilities. The subsequent dependence on their host offers a unique opportunity to explore pathways for obtaining and producing cofactors – such as coenzyme A (CoA) – as possible targets for the development of new anti-mycoplasma agents. CoA plays an essential role in energy and fatty acid metabolism and is required for membrane synthesis. However, our current lack of knowledge of the relevance and importance of the C...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - December 20, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Why are tapeworm carriers so difficult to find? A methodological proposal for their search and recovery
This study is aimed to find and evaluate T. solium carriers, describing some characteristics of these patients and the treatment. Taeniasis cases were searched for in various Mexican states from 1983 to 2016. Previous informed consent, tapeworm-carrier patients were administered with niclosamide and a saline purge. Parasite specimens were recovered and identified, both morphologically and by PCR. From 117 treated patients, Taenia sp. specimens were obtained from 46 subjects (47.8%). From these, complete parasites were recovered from 42 (90.5%), and only detached proglottids from 4 patients. Cases were more frequent in More...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - April 4, 2023 Category: Parasitology Authors: N Villalobos Martinez M J G Nu ñez M A Figueroa D A Flisser E Sciutto Source Type: research