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Total 263 results found since Jan 2013.

Replacing salt with low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS) for cardiovascular health in adults, children and pregnant women
CONCLUSIONS: When compared to regular salt, LSSS probably reduce blood pressure, non-fatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality slightly in adults. However, LSSS also probably increase blood potassium slightly in adults. These small effects may be important when LSSS interventions are implemented at the population level. Evidence is limited for adults without elevated blood pressure, and there is a lack of evidence in pregnant women and people in whom an increased potassium intake is known to be potentially harmful, limiting conclusions on the safety of LSSS in the general population. We also cannot draw firm...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 9, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Amanda Brand Marianne E Visser Anel Schoonees Celeste E Naude Source Type: research

LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 predicts further cerebral events in patients with transient ischemic attack
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) poses a great threat of cerebrovascular diseases to a large number of patients, despite its reversible neurological dysfunction. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to play critical roles in the pathophysiological development of cerebrovascular events. Exploring the function of lncRNAs in modulating TIA prognosis would help to develop individualized therapeutics. A total of 231 participants with the first onset of TIA were recruited in the study, including 65 subsequent stroke patients. The expression of lncRNA potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 opposite strand ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - October 7, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Reducing Salt And Increasing Potassium Will Have Major Global Health Benefits
Results have helped develop first WHO guidelines on potassium intake Cutting down on salt and, at the same time, increasing levels of potassium in our diet will have major health and cost benefits across the world, according to studies published on bmj.com today. Such a strategy will save millions of lives every year from heart disease and stroke, say experts. Much evidence shows that reducing salt intake lowers blood pressure and thereby reduces the risk of stroke and heart disease...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - April 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nutrition / Diet Source Type: news

Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses
Salt seems to get the most press, but potassium is an important player in the prevention of vascular disease. This systematic review of 22 RCTs and 11 cohort studies shows that systolic blood pressure was reduced by 7.16 (1.91 to 12.41) mm Hg when the potassium intake was 90-120 mmol/day, without any dose response. Furthermore, there was a 24% lower risk of stroke. The results suggest that patients without impaired renal excretion of potassium would potentially see the most benefit with respect to hypertension and stroke prevention with increased potassium intake. : Effect of lower sodium intake on health: systematic revi...
Source: Nephrology Now - July 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nephrology Now editors Tags: General Nephrology Hypertension Source Type: research

Dietary potassium: A key mediator of the cardiovascular response to dietary sodium chloride
Abstract: Potassium and sodium share a yin/yang relationship in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). BP is directly associated with the total body sodium and negatively correlated with the total body potassium. Epidemiologic, experimental, and clinical studies have shown that potassium is a significant regulator of BP and further improves cardiovascular outcomes. Hypertensive cardiovascular damage, stroke, and stroke-related death are accelerated by salt intake but might be curbed by increasing dietary potassium intake. The antihypertensive effect of potassium supplementation appears to occur through several mechanisms t...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Hypertension - June 3, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mehmet Kanbay, Yeter Bayram, Yalcin Solak, Paul W. Sanders Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

This diet advice could kill you
The American Heart Association says sodium in salt raises blood pressure. They say it increases the risk for heart disease and stroke.  But the latest science says otherwise… A British review of 34 clinical trials showed that cutting down on salt reduced blood pressure only slightly for people with hypertension.1  And a new study in The Lancet found that some low-salt diets could put you at GREATER risk of heart disease and death.2 Researchers analyzed data from 133,118 people. They wanted to see if there was a link between high sodium and heart attack, stroke and death The results were startling. People on “he...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - October 5, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Randall Hall Tags: Health Heart Health Men's Health Nutrition Women's Health Source Type: news

Invited Commentary: Can Estimation of Sodium Intake Be Improved by Borrowing Information From Other Variables?
AbstractEstimation of dietary sodium intake is problematic. The most accurate measure is average sodium excretion from multiple 24-hour urine collections, but such an approach is impractical. Using data from the Women's Health Initiative, Prentice et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186(9):1035 –1043) assessed the relationship of calibrated estimates of sodium and potassium excretion with cardiovascular outcomes. The calibrated estimates were a function of self-reported sodium-to-potassium ratio from a food frequency questionnaire, age, body mass index, race, supplement use, smoking stat us, educational level, income, and aspir...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - June 14, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Condition-specific transcriptional regulation of neuronal ion channel genes in brain ischemia.
The objective of this study is to identify ion channel genes that are differentially regulated under different brain ischemic conditions, as a mean to identify those ion channels that are associated with ischemic brain injury and ischemic tolerance. In mice in vivo, transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. In cultured neuronal cells in vitro, simulated ischemia was modeled by oxygen-glucose deprivation. For both in vivo and in vitro studies, three principal ischemic conditions were included: ischemic-preconditioned, injured and tolerant, respectively, plus appropriate controls. In ...
Source: International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology - January 21, 2018 Category: Physiology Tags: Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a community-level prospective epidemiological cohort study
Publication date: 11–17 August 2018Source: The Lancet, Volume 392, Issue 10146Author(s): Andrew Mente, Martin O'Donnell, Sumathy Rangarajan, Matthew McQueen, Gilles Dagenais, Andreas Wielgosz, Scott Lear, Shelly Tse Lap Ah, Li Wei, Rafael Diaz, Alvaro Avezum, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Fernando Lanas, Prem Mony, Andrzej Szuba, Romaina Iqbal, Rita Yusuf, Noushin Mohammadifard, Rasha Khatib, Khalid YusoffSummaryBackgroundWHO recommends that populations consume less than 2 g/day sodium as a preventive measure against cardiovascular disease, but this target has not been achieved in any country. This recommendation is primaril...
Source: The Lancet - August 10, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate improves depressive-like behaviors in rat model
In this study, we demonstrated that PHPB improved depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in rats. Male SD rats were subjected to the stress for five weeks. PHPB (30 and 100 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (FLX 10 mg/kg, as positive control) was administered orally from the third week in CUMS procedure. The behavioral tests were applied and then the biochemical studies were carried out. PHPB or FLX treatment rescued the behavioral deficiency in CUMS-exposed rats. Meanwhile, PHPB normalized the enhanced level of serum corticosterone, improved hippocampal and serum BDNF levels, as well as...
Source: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B - August 21, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The Cardiovascular Effects of a Meal: J-Tpeak and Tpeak -Tend Assessment and Further Insights Into the Physiological Effects.
Abstract Meal intake leads to a significant and prolonged increase in cardiac output to supply the splanchnic vasculature. A meal is associated with sympathetic activation of the cardiovascular system, and food ingestion is correlated with an increase in heart rate, an increase in cardiac stroke volume, and QTc interval shortening for up to 7 hours. Given the complexity of the system, one or several of many mechanisms could explain this observation. The shortening of the QTc interval was correlated with a rise of C-peptide following food ingestion, but the mechanisms by which C-peptide may be involved in the modul...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - January 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Täubel J, Ferber G, Van Langenhoven L, Del Bianco T, Fernandes S, Djumanov D, Kanters JK, Graff C, Camm AJ Tags: J Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Cardiovascular risk in primary aldosteronism: A systematic review and meta-analysis
This study aimed to evaluate whether the increased cardiovascular risk and the incidence of cerebrovascular (CCV) events in hypertensive patients were related to primary aldosteronism (PA). Methods: The PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to evaluate the risk of CCV in PA patients and compared to essential hypertension (EH) patients. The mean differences (MD) and the risk ratios (RR) were calculated to assess the risk of main outcomes, such as stroke, coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pres...
Source: Medicine - June 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Source Type: research

Registration of amiloride in South Africa: Cutting the Gordian knot.
Authors: Rayner BL, Spence JD, Bryer A, Mpe MT Abstract Amiloride is an antagonist of the renal tubular epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). As such, it is a diuretic that is both potassium and magnesium sparing. It is used for the treatment of potassium depletion and hypertension, and is the specific therapy for hypertension due to overactivity of the ENaC (Liddle syndrome and several additional genetic causes of the Liddle phenotype - low renin and low aldosterone). It is listed as a World Health Organization essential drug, but has never been registered in South Africa (SA) and can therefore only be prescribed unde...
Source: South African Medical Journal - October 24, 2019 Category: African Health Tags: S Afr Med J Source Type: research

Changes in electrolyte concentrations alter the impedance during ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain
In this study, changes in the bio-impedance spectroscopy using a two-electrode method with varying frequencies from 100 to 35  kHz have been assessed in a model of global cerebral ischemia in anesthetized rats during normal, occlusion and reperfusion conditions. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 40  min following 40 min of reperfusion. The concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride ions in the whole rat brain was determined by electrolyte analyzer. For the interpretation of in vivo results, changes in electrical impedance with varying concentrati...
Source: Physiological Measurement - October 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Gaurav Kumar, Uvanesh Kasiviswanathan, Sumedha Mukherjee, Sanjeev Kumar Mahto, Neeraj Sharma and Ranjana Patnaik Source Type: research

Grading of Japanese Diet Intakes by 24-Hour Urine Analysis of Taurine and Soy Isoflavones in Relation to Cardiovascular Risks
In conclusion, the higher the J score, which corresponds to Japanese dietary habits, the lower the BMI and cholesterol levels, as well as mortality rate from coronary heart disease, but the higher the average life expectancy among the Japanese. However, these higher J scorings were associated with high-salt intake and high Na/K ratios; therefore, they contributed to high blood pressure and high mortality rate caused by stroke in Japan. These results indicate that low-salt intake should be recommended to the Japanese who are consuming seafood and soy regularly in order to maintain lower blood pressure and to extend healthy ...
Source: Adv Data - July 26, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mari Mori Miki Sagara Hideki Mori Yukio Yamori Source Type: research