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Total 22 results found since Jan 2013.
Management and Associated Toxicokinetics of Massive Valproic Acid Ingestion with High Flow Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration
We present a case with relevant toxicokinetics of a patient presenting with a profoundly elevated VPA concentration resulting in survival, treated with supportive care including high-dose continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).CASE REPORT: A 17-year-old female presented to an emergency department after being found unresponsive at home with concern for massive VPA ingestion. She arrived obtunded and hypotensive with initial VPA concentration of 2226 mg/L, estimated 9 h post-ingestion. Her early hospital course was marked by hypotension requiring multiple vasopressors, and her workup was notable for multiple severe...
Source: Journal of Medical Toxicology - March 2, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: Grant Comstock Kevin Kilgallon George Sam Wang David Bourne Eliza Blanchette Erin Stenson Source Type: research
Nitric oxide releasing nanomatrix gel treatment inhibits venous intimal hyperplasia and improves vascular remodeling in a rodent arteriovenous fistula
Biomaterials. 2021 Nov 18:121254. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121254. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVascular access is the lifeline for hemodialysis patients and the single most important component of the hemodialysis procedure. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis patients, but nearly 60% of AVFs created fail to successfully mature due to early intimal hyperplasia development and poor outward remodeling. There are currently no therapies available to prevent AVF maturation failure. First, we showed the important regulatory role of nitric oxide (NO) on AVF development by demonst...
Source: Biomaterials - November 27, 2021 Category: Materials Science Authors: Maheshika Somarathna Patrick Tj Hwang Reid C Millican Grant C Alexander Tatyana Isayeva-Waldrop Jennifer A Sherwood Brigitta C Brott Isabelle Falzon Hannah Northrup Yan-Ting Shiu Chris J Stubben John Totenhagen Ho-Wook Jun Timmy Lee Source Type: research
Fight Aging! Newsletter, November 30th 2020
We examined specific aspects of metabolism in male PolG+/mut mice at 6 and 12 months of age under three dietary conditions: normal chow (NC) feeding, high-fat feeding (HFD), and 24-hr starvation. We performed mitochondrial proteomics and assessed dynamics and quality control signaling in muscle and liver to determine whether mitochondria respond to mtDNA point mutations by altering morphology and turnover. In the current study, we observed that the accumulation of mtDNA point mutations failed to disrupt metabolic homeostasis and insulin action in male mice, but with aging, metabolic health was likely preserved by counterme...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 29, 2020 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Human Beta Defensins and Cancer: Contradictions and Common Ground
Santosh K. Ghosh1*, Thomas S. McCormick1,2 and Aaron Weinberg1*
1Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
2Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
Human beta-defensins (hBDs, −1, 2, 3) are a family of epithelial cell derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that protect mucosal membranes from microbial challenges. In addition to their antimicrobial activities, they possess other functions; e.g., cell activation, proliferation, regulation of cytokine/chemokine production, migration, dif...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
DDR1 and MT1-MMP Expression Levels Are Determinant for Triggering BIK-Mediated Apoptosis by 3D Type I Collagen Matrix in Invasive Basal-Like Breast Carcinoma Cells
In conclusion, and in agreement with the other studies (Ford et al., 2007; Koh et al., 2015; Toy et al., 2015; Takai et al., 2018), our data suggest that during the acquisition of mesenchymal features, the level of full-length DDR1 expression should be considered, in addition to the other markers, as an important biomarker in the prognosis of aggressive breast carcinomas. As summarized in Figure 9, the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis by the collagen/DDR1 axis involves a differential activation of DDR1 signaling pathway and thus BIK expression. In the case of the basal-like bre...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 2, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Microbial Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile in Microbiota From Soils of Conventional and Organic Farming Systems
According to this study it may be outlined that soil microbiota is a stable component as it were detected similar composition of microorganisms in soil both in organic as well as in conventional farming systems with similar soil structure and pH. The different amount of phosphorus in soils had no influence on bacterial variety at a genera level although more investigations would be useful to investigate changes among separate species. During evolution microorganisms adapted to survive in ecosystems independently of certain changes and probably serve as a buffer for ecological niches. It is unclear, however, what level of i...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Discovering, Characterizing, and Applying Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Quenching Enzymes to Mitigate Microbe-Associated Problems Under Saline Conditions
Conclusion
In this study, bacterial species that proliferate under saline conditions were isolated and screened to select the ones that are positive for QQ under high salinity and high temperatures. Further genomic and biochemical characterization revealed a particularly promising AiiA from the Altererythrobacter sp. S1-5 that demonstrated a broad AHL substrate specificity range and enzymatic activity at an optimal pH of 8 and 50°C. AiiAS1-5 was also able to maintain good relative QQ activity with increasing salt concentrations up to 2 M. Its QQ efficacy against P. aeruginosa, A. hydrophila, and V. alginolyticus wa...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Early Asexual Development Regulator fluG Codes for a Putative Bifunctional Enzyme
In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the FluG sequence, which revealed a single polypeptide containing a putative N-terminal amidohydrolase region linked to a putative C-terminal γ-glutamyl ligase region. Each region corresponded, separately and completely, to respective single function bacterial enzymes. Separate expression of these regions confirmed that the C-terminal region was essential for asexual development. The N-terminal region alone did not support conidial development, but contributed to increased conidial production under high nutrient availability. Point mutations directed at respective ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
A Review of the Therapeutic Potential of Recently Developed G Protein-Biased Kappa Agonists
Conclusion and Future Directions
G protein bias may either be affinity/potency-dominant or efficacy-dominant (Table 1). A potential concern is that, despite using the same cellular assays, variations in agonist potency were determined by different, or even the same labs, potentially due to differences in expression levels of the receptor and signaling proteins that occurred during cell passaging. For example the reported arrestin recruitment potency for U69,593 has been reported to be as low as 67.7 nM (Spetea et al., 2017) and as high as 410 nM (Dunn et al., 2018), similarly for U50,488 potency has ranged from 36 to 1000...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 16, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Nucleoside Hydrolase NH 36: A Vital Enzyme for the Leishmania Genus in the Development of T-Cell Epitope Cross-Protective Vaccines
Conclusions
Nucleoside hydrolases are vital enzymes for the replication of Leishmania, conserved phylogenetic marker of the genus and strong-specific immunogens. We demonstrated that NH36 is an excellent target for chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis. Searching for the most immunogenic fraction of promastigotes of Leishmania we described the FML antigen of L. (L.) donovani, that has as its main component, the NH36 Nucleoside hydrolase. We developed second–generation vaccines with the FML and the NH36 native antigens, and with the NH36 recombinant protein. In addition, we obtained a third generation vaccine base...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
