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Specialty: Neurology
Drug: Insulin

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Total 327 results found since Jan 2013.

Targeting Pioglitazone Therapy After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
This secondary analysis of the Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke trial estimates the relative and absolute effectiveness of pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in subgroups of patients defined by pretreatment risk for stroke or myocardial infarction.
Source: JAMA Neurology - November 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Oral antidiabetic drugs and dementia risk: Does treatment matter?
As the population ages, dementia grows as a public health problem. The rising life expectancy and the aging of the so-called baby boomer cohort translate to a substantial number of people reaching ages of high risk for age-related conditions like dementia. As a major cause of disability and dependency in elderly people, dementia puts social and economic burden on patients and their families and affects health care systems worldwide. In the absence of a cure, primary prevention will have the largest effect on the reduction of dementia occurrence.1 Thus, public health research should focus on the identification of modifiable...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Fink, A., Haenisch, B. Tags: All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited
In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used.Neurosignals 2017;25:54 –73
Source: Neurosignals - October 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Function and Prognosis of Nondiabetic Patients With Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—In this large-scale registry, β-cell dysfunction was associated with an increased risk of 12-month poor prognosis in nondiabetic patients with ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - October 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuesong Pan, Weiqi Chen, Jing Jing, Huaguang Zheng, Qian Jia, Hao Li, Xingquan Zhao, Liping Liu, Yongjun Wang, Yan He, Yilong Wang Tags: Diabetes, Type 2, Secondary Prevention, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited
In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used.Neurosignals 2017;25:54 –73
Source: Neurosignals - October 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited.
In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used. PMID: 29041003 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neuro-Signals - October 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lang UE, Walter M Tags: Neurosignals Source Type: research

Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA
Conclusion: Cessation of cigarette smoking after an ischemic stroke or TIA was associated with significant health benefits over 4.8 years in the IRIS trial cohort.
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Epstein, K. A., Viscoli, C. M., Spence, J. D., Young, L. H., Inzucchi, S. E., Gorman, M., Gerstenhaber, B., Guarino, P. D., Dixit, A., Furie, K. L., Kernan, W. N., For the IRIS Trial Investigators Tags: Stroke prevention, Prognosis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Which Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Insulin Resistance May Benefit From Pioglitazone?
The Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS) trial has reported that treating insulin resistance with the peroxisome proliferator –activated receptor γ agonist pioglitazone hydrochloride reduced recurrent stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) by about one-fourth compared with placebo (pioglitazone, 9.0% vs placebo, 11.8%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93) in 3876 patients with recent (<6 months) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and insulin resistance but without diabetes, heart failure, or bladder cancer. Pioglitazone was also associated with less incident diabetes vs placebo (3.8% vs ...
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Targeting Pioglitazone Therapy After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
This secondary analysis of the Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke trial estimates the relative and absolute effectiveness of pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in subgroups of patients defined by pretreatment risk for stroke or myocardial infarction.
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes, glucose, insulin, BMI, and ischemic stroke subtypes: Mendelian randomization study
Conclusions: This study provides support that T2D may be causally associated with large artery stroke.
Source: Neurology - July 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Larsson, S. C., Scott, R. A., Traylor, M., Langenberg, C. C., Hindy, G., Melander, O., Orho-Melander, M., Seshadri, S., Wareham, N. J., Markus, H. S., For the METASTROKE Collaboration and NINDS Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN) Tags: Risk factors in epidemiology, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

CART modulates beta-amyloid metabolism-associated enzymes and attenuates memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice.
CONCLUSION: CART decreases the levels of soluble Aβ in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice by modulating the expression of Aβ metabolism-associated enzymes, which may be associated with the MAPK and AKT pathways. PMID: 28743230 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - July 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Intranasal deferoxamine affects memory loss, oxidation, and the insulin pathway in the streptozotocin rat model of Alzheimer's disease
In this study, we determine whether intranasally (IN) administered DFO is beneficial in the intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV STZ) rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which is different from previous models in that it exhibits dysregulation of insulin metabolism as well as oxidative stress and inflammation.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - July 20, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: J.M. Fine, A.C. Forsberg, B.M. Stroebel, K.A. Faltesek, D.R. Verden, K.A. Hamel, E.B. Raney, J.M. Crow, L.R. Haase, K.E. Knutzen, K.D. Kaczmarczek, W.H. Frey, L.R. Hanson Source Type: research

Insulin resistance among obese middle-aged is associated with decreased cerebrovascular reactivity
Conclusions: IR is associated with impaired CVR; the relationship appears to be driven by the degree of IR and not by obesity. These rarely reported results suggest that early forms of cerebrovascular dysfunction exist among obese middle-aged individuals with significant IR but without type 2 diabetes mellitus. These functional vascular abnormalities may help explain the associations among IR, diabetes, and dementia, and suggest that interventions aiming to improve IR or CVR may help prevent cognitive decline later in life.
Source: Neurology - July 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Frosch, O. H., Yau, P. L., Osorio, R. S., Rusinek, H., Storey, P., Convit, A. Tags: MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke ARTICLE Source Type: research

Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
We examined prospectively the association between serum IGF-1 levels and incident ischemic stroke.Methods—We measured serum IGF-1 levels in 757 elderly individuals (mean age 79±5, 62% women), free of prevalent stroke, from the Framingham original cohort participants at the 22nd examination cycle (1990–1994) and were followed up for the development of ischemic stroke. Cox models were used to relate IGF-1 levels to the risk for incident ischemic stroke, adjusted for potential confounders.Results—During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, 99 individuals developed ischemic stroke. After adjustment for age, sex, and potentia...
Source: Stroke - June 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hamidreza Saber, Jayandra J. Himali, Alexa S. Beiser, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Aleksandra Pikula, Ronenn Roubenoff, Jose R. Romero, Carlos S. Kase, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Sudha Seshadri Tags: Risk Factors, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Insulin resistance in ischemic stroke
AbstractInsulin resistance often refers to a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond to the normal actions of insulin. Increasing literature has noted a critical role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke via enhancing advanced changes of atherosclerosis. A variety of literature indicates that insulin resistance enhances platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation which are conducive to the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Insulin resistance also induces hemodynamic disturbances and contributes to the ons...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - June 21, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research